Pure vegetable oil use for transport and regional value creation

Transcription

1 1 st Summer School on Sustainable Energy Management Systems (SEMS) Pure vegetable oil use for transport and regional value creation Dr. Michael Stöhr, B.A.U.M. Consult GmbH Birkenfeld, 26th September 2008

2 Overview 1. Engine conversion concepts 2. Oil quality 3. Emissions 4. Companion Cultivation and new plant oils

3 Physical properties of rapeseed oil and other fuels

4 2-tank systems no modification of the engine engine is equipped with an additional storage tank for pure vegetable oil pure vegetable oil is heated before injection to overcome the high viscosity pure vegetable oil is incrementally added to mineral diesel mineral diesel fuel is needed to start the engine and to clean the fuel cycle before stopping the engine guarantee of manufacturer is normally maintained exhaust gas emissions are not controlled!

5 1-tank systems in-depth modification of the engine no additional storage tank for pure vegetable oil is needed the single storage tank can be filled with pure vegetable oil or mineral diesel, the engine is normally flexible with regard to the fuel guarantee of manufacturer is not maintained and needs to be replaced by a guarantee of the engine modifier exhaust emissions are within the legal limits for advanced modification concepts

6 Vereinigte Werkstätten für Pflanzenöltechnologie Research and development on using vegetable oil for agricultural and technical purposes. Conversion of engines, cars, trucks, CHP and tractors for using pure vegetable oil as a fuel both for research purposes and the practical application for private customers. Granting of licenses and transfer of know-how. Focus on cold-pressed vegetable oils produced - on-farm just by mechanically pressing.

7 Technical Developments And Modifications Of Engines To Use Vegetable Oil As A Fuel Overview of engine parts having to be modified, depending on different engine types cylinder head/valves injection pump injection nozzles pistons/piston rings fuel circuit for vegetable oil engine electronics adjusting mechanism for fuel detection system (FDS) general operating licence (ABE) according to StVZO

8 European patent for vegetable oil combustion technique

9 European patent for a vegetable oil fuel cycle

10 Converted passenger cars Winner of Challenge Bibendum 2002

11 Converted tractor

12 Converted CHP

13 Power curve of a John Deere common rail engine Source: John Deere Works Mannheim/VWP

14 Fuel consumption of a John Deere common rail engine RPM/Torque Source: Fuel Consumption measured at test bench of and by University of Rostock,

15 Emissions of a John Deere common rail engine John Deere 6920, 6 Zylinder-4-Ventil-DI-Common-Rail-Motor TIER II Schadstoffemissionen im 8-Phasen-Zyklus nach Richtlinie 2000/25/EG, auf Grenzwerte der Stufe 2 bezogen 100,0% 90,0% Rapsöl Diesel Auslastung Grenzwert [%] 80,0% 70,0% 60,0% 50,0% 40,0% 30,0% 20,0% 10,0% 0,0% CO HC NOx Partikel Emissiontest by University of Rostock at the Schadstoff [g/kwh] The development of emissions and functionality for the TIER III engine will be finished in 2008.

16 Local value creation at small farms is possible

17 German Rapeseed Oil Quality Standard: DIN V Finding in 100% RENET project: It is necessary to reduce P/Mg/Ca content as much as possible to prevent particle filter blocking

18 Sustainable fuel production of Jatropha Curcas for arid / semiarid areas

19 Companion cultivation of food and energy

20 2ndVegOil project (EU FP7) John Deere (DE) VWP (DE) TUM (DE) Lubrizol (UK) Waldland (AT) RAEE (FR) FRCUMA (FR) IBMER (PL) NEN (NL)

21 2ndVegOil: Objectives to widen the range of considered oils, in order to increase the available fuel potential, to research on and demonstrate additives for vegetable oils, to research on and demonstrate improved engine oils, to achieve EU stage 4 / US TIER4 emission levels in medium-scale demonstration fleets running in France, Austria, Germany and Poland, to transfer the engine and fuel concepts to hybrid engines, allowing to achieve forthcoming EURO6 emission levels, to prepare proposals for future fuel standards. The outcome of the project includes advanced engine and fuel concepts for vegetable oil and the preparation of a European standard for 2nd generation vegetable oil.

22 Workprogramme combining the adaptation of the engine with an adaptation of the fuel; considering a broader range of oil seeds: sunflower, camelina sativa, and jatropha; introducing additives to the oil filtering process in small decentralized oilpresses for achieving ultra-pure vegetable oil with reduction of undesired substances to the limit of traceability; introducing fuel additives without giving up the non-toxicity and to rise the flammability in a controlled manner (additives rising the flammability could be added at a very late stage, e.g. just when fuelling the vehicle, thus keeping the flammability low during the major part of the logistics chain); introducing engine oil additives to better adapt with the corresponding vegetable oil fuel; engine concepts profiting from the advantages of vegetable oil under quasisteady-state conditions in hybrid engines.

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24 More information on.

25 Thanks for your attention!

26 1 st Summer School on Sustainable Energy Management Systems (SEMS) Pure vegetable oil use for transport and regional value creation Dr. Michael Stöhr, B.A.U.M. Consult GmbH Birkenfeld, 26th September 2008