Q. 1 Q. 1 Q. 1 Q. 1. Discuss how the following pairs of scheduling criteria conflict in certain settings.

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1 CPU and response time I/O device and CPU CPU and response time CPU and response time CPU and response time minimize context switching CPU minimize context switching CPU conflict tasks would need to wait for a long time response time

2 lower average turnaround time I/O device and CPU lower average turnaround time conflict long jobs need to wait for a long time waiting time

3 Q. 2 Why is it important for the scheduler to distinguish I/O-bound programs from CPU-bound programs? I/O device and CPU maximize CPU run long running CPU-bound tasks WITHOUT context switching maximize I/O device schedule I/O-bound tasks as soon as they re ready NEED context switching Q. 2 Why is it important for the scheduler to distinguish I/O-bound programs from CPU-bound programs? Q. 2 Why is it important for the scheduler to distinguish I/O-bound programs from CPU-bound programs? I/O-bound programs Little computation Many I/O operations Do not use up their CPU quantum CPU-bound programs Much computation Few I/O operations Use up their CPU quantum I/O-bound programs Little computation Many I/O operations Do not use up their CPU quantum CPU-bound programs Much computation Few I/O operations Use up their CPU quantum To use resources better Give higher priority to I/O-bound programs

4 Q. 3 Q. 3 5 processes arrived in the order P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, all at time 0. FCFS (a) Draw four Gantt charts illustrating the execution of these processes using FCFS a nonpreemptive priority (a smaller priority number implies a higher priority) RR (quantum = 1) Non preemptive priority RR Q. 3 (b) What is the turnaround time of each process for each of the scheduling algorithms in part (a)? FCFS Q. 3 (c) What is the waiting time of each process for each of the scheduling algorithms in part (a)? FCFS Non preemptive priority Non preemptive priority RR RR

5 Q. 3 (d) Which of the schedules in part (a) results in the minimal average waiting time (over all processes)? Q. 4 (a) The time quantum is 1 ms Q. 4 (a) The time quantum is 1 ms Q. 4 (b) The time quantum is 10 ms Time quantum 1 ms Switching 0.1 ms CPU : 1/1.1 = 91%

6 Q. 4 (b) The time quantum is 10 ms I/O-bound tasks use 1 ms Switching 0.1 ms Time to cycle 10 I/O-bound tasks = 1.1 x 10 CPU : CPU-bound tasks Time quantum 10 ms Switching 0.1 ms Time to cycle 1 20/21.1= 94% CPU-bound tasks = 10.1

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