THE BIOMASS SOLUTION. Biomass Coordinating Council (BCC) American Council On Renewable Energy. Please contact us for more information:
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1 THE BIOMASS SOLUTION Biomass Coordinating Council (BCC) American Council On Renewable Energy Please contact us for more information: Phone: K St., Suite 700. Washington D.C
2 THE MANY FORMS OF BIOMASS Biomass is everywhere. Biomass is ubiquitous and egalitarian. Anyone with access to land and water with the right level of knowledge, tools and equipment can find work in the wide-reaching biomass industries. Biomass includes all forms of organic matter and all should be considered acceptable feedstocks for biorefineries. Biomass can be found in a variety of resources, including: Agriculture: products such as grains, plants, vegetables and their residues. Forestry: thinned wood, whole trees when environmentally and economically justified, forest residue, processing waste, sawdust, etc. Livestock: animal waste and butchery waste. Household Waste: compost, garbage, kitchen waste, yellow and trap greases etc. Industry: by-products including sewage sludge, organic processing waste, etc. THE POTENTIAL FUTURE: THE DANISH BIOMASS EXAMPLE In Denmark, Biomass accounts for approximately 70% of renewable energy consumption. Therefore, it is easy to see that biomass is integral to the Danish way of life. A few facts about Bioenergy in Denmark: With approximately 120 biomass-based District Heating (DH) plants and 12 waste-incineration installations, Decentralized Biomass represents 41% of the fuels to produce district heating in the country. Individual heat installations such as in the home or farm include: 500,000 wood-burning stoves, 70,000 woodburning boilers, 30,000 wood-pellet furnaces, and 9,000 straw furnaces Denmark has the most extensive co-generated heat and electricity system in EU. Between 1980 and 2005, biomass consumption for energy more than quadrupled in the country and continues to rise as an important energy source in both public district-heating plants and smaller household and enterprise uses. Denmark provides the example of not only the enormous potential of bioenergy production, but also how to achieve this production. Water area: algae, photosynthetic bacteria, etc.
3 THE BIOMASS SOLUTION THE MANY USES OF BIOMASS Biomass is a widespread, underutilized energy resource, which has enormous potential to develop rural communities while revitalizing or maintaining ecosystems. In order to realize this potential, a strong focus on sustainability must exist throughout the biomass industry. The United States must use an integrated approach, utilizing the resources of the community, the technology and innovation of land grant universities, and the power of government support to bring a nationwide shift in how we maintain, grow and use biomass. Biomass must be considered for all its capacities and capabilities in order to truly understand its vast potential. Biomass has six interconnected uses, The Six Fs : Food, Feed, Fuel, Fiber, Fertilizers and Feedstocks for chemicals. These six industries serve as spokes on the biomass wheel, bound together by their dependence on optimized land use, vitalized soil, adequate water resources and sustainable practices. With this focus, a collaborative effort between these industries will create a sustainable future where biomass resources are fully optimized and utilized to the benefit of the earth and its population. Don t Forget the By-products. Generally, in the process of converting biomass into energy, many substances or chemicals are left behind. These substances are often quite valuable and can be sold to the market. For example, when mustard oil is processed into biodiesel, it leaves a residual meal which contains both toxic chemicals and valuable proteins. Some of the toxic chemicals have been shown as an effective soil fumigant while the protein rich meal can improve the nutritional content of animal feed. When considering bioenergy production, the benefits of these products should be factored.
4 THE MANY BENEFITS OF BIOMASS THINKING BEYOND ENERGY: Biomass has many benefits beyond energy production, yet these important considerations are often ignored. The production of bioenergy feedstocks can be used as a tool to maintain the health of the ecosystem while providing careers, energy resources and a multitude of by-products. For example, sustainable forestry practices require waste-wood removal. Why not use these dead or infested trees as a renewable resource? By encouraging sustainable practices alongside bioenergy production, new environmentally conscious rural industries can emerge, using local renewable energy resources while bringing quality jobs, new wealth, and a foundation to rural community development. The optimization of land use with sustainable techniques would enhance wildlife habitats, watersheds, wetlands, and riparian buffers while engaging local communities in the global effort toward the prevention of climate change. U.S. BIOENERGY FACTS: Biomass represents nearly 50% of all renewable energy consumed. Wood fuels produce 2.2 Quadrillion Btu of energy each year in the U.S. The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) of 2007 established a 36-billion-gallon mandate for biofuels by COMMUNITY Rural communities are the main beneficiaries of an increase in biomass development for energy production. In order to see these benefits, communities must actively show their support for biomass industries and work with government and land grant universities to implement biomass programs locally. A FEW RECOMMENDATIONS: Investment: Because of the local scale and benefits of many biomass projects, local banks and private investors should take the lead in financing these growing and important industries. Land Use: Community programs and centers must educate the land owning population on the benefits of sustainably utilizing their existing resources and to place more land into biomass production. Support: Communities must show their political support of local, sustainable biomass initiatives in order to truly begin the integrated approach. Education: Communities should work with existing organizations such as 4H clubs and Future Farmers of America to boost levels of experiential education in schools.
5 2. LAND GRANT UNIVERSITIES One of the America s most beneficial and unique resources for biomass industries is the well-established land grant university system, including the Historically Black and Tribal Colleges and Universities. Already connected to the variables and economics of their local communities, these institutions are well situated for the mobilization and implementation of biomass industries across the country and can propel the United States into a better, more sustainable and economically viable future. A FEW RECOMMENDATIONS: Focus research initiatives on the full range of biomass technologies, by-product extaction techniques, and sustainable land use practices. Collaborate with entrepreneurs to speed the commercialization of appropriate technologies and practices to strengthen communication; and provide additional support for the Sun Grant Initiative. Help coordinate all state and federal programs to educate local farmers, ranchers, foresters and land owners on implementing sustainable biomass production for food, feed, fibers, fuels, fertilizers and biobased products. Collaborate with community colleges, vocational and technical schools to ensure the availability of a properly educated workforce to advance biomass industries. U.S. ADVANTAGES High quality farmers, ranchers and foresters Favorable climatic conditions Great land resources Adequate water supplies Excellent Transportation and distribution Infrastructure Leading Educational Institutions THE UNITED STATES The United States has fallen behind some nations in the development of our renewable energy resources. In order to establish a leadership role and truly combat climate change, address issues surrounding sustainability, and ensure national and energy security, our country must strongly pursue all forms of renewable energy. Fortunately, much of the infrastructure needed to promote and produce bioenergy already exists and the resources are readily available. BIOMASS AROUND THE U.S. TECHNOLOGY SPOTLIGT: Still in the research and development stage, cellulosic ethanol has enormous potential to dramatically alter the biofuels landscape. Unlike traditional ethanol, cellulosic ethanol can be derived from nearly every natural, free growing plant or tree. While Switchgrass and Miscanthus are receiving the most attention because of their high productivity per area, the sheer range of possible feedstocks makes this potential technology a game changer. Some other interesting and valuable technologies include: anaerobic digestion, liquefaction, gasification, pyrolysis, direct combustion and biochemical conversion
6 THE PATH TO A SUSTAINABLE BIOMASS FUTURE AN INTEGRATED APPROACH GOVERNMENT The government has an essential role in the integrated approach. In order to implement biomass energy production and fully realize the potential benefits of bioenergy, all levels of government must appropriately support the industry. POLICY RESEARCH LAND GRANT UNIVERSITIES 1. GOVERNMENT TECHNOLOGY LAND MANAGEMENT COMMUNITY C O O R D I N A T I O N SUSTAINABLE A FEW RECOMMENDATIONS: PROFITABLE BIOMASS AND BIOFUELS INVESTMENT An integrated approach is needed to effectively implement sustainable biomass production. Government, land grant universities and local communities must coordinate their resources and knowledge. Only through this collaboration can the varied and important benefits of biomass be obtained. Federal: Expand the Memorandum of Understanding between the Departments of Agriculture, Energy and Interior with a focus on woody biomass to include the Departments of Transportation, Defense, Commerse, and the Environmental Protection Agency; and to include all forms of biomass. Designate the Department of Agriculture as the lead agency. State: Request that a structural board be formed to encompass agriculture, forestry, energy, environment, homeland security and economic development. Designate a lead department. Designate a Biomass Coordinating Council to provide support services, accelerating the development and commercialization of all pertinent biomass industries within each state.
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