Staff: Due date for this assignment is October
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1 Staff: Directions for completing the mandated OSHA in-service on Bloodborne Pathogens : 1. Read the information 2. Click on the link Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 3. Complete the Quiz including your Name (first & last) 4. Click the submit button to send your results 5. You may print your quiz for your records. Due date for this assignment is October
2 Training Objects: Provide a basic understanding of: 1. Bloodborne pathogens (BBP). 2. Common modes of transmission of BBP. 3. Methods to prevent transmission of BBP. 4. Information to help school staff maintain compliance with the BBP standard. What are Bloodborne Pathogens? o Viruses, bacteria & other microorganisms that are carried in the bloodstream & can cause disease. o The most common bloodborne pathogens are: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) 1. HIV attacks immune system & can cause the disease known as AIDS. 2. AIDS is the second-leading cause of death for age group years. 3. Most commonly spread by unprotected sex or sharing needles. o Symptoms of HIV A person with HIV may carry the virus without developing symptoms for 10 years or more! a) Flu-like symptoms. b) Night sweats or fever. c) Weight loss. d) Fatigue e) Swollen Glands f) May also develop AIDS-related illnesses including neurological problems & cancer. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) 1. Hepatitis means inflammation of the liver. 2. Most infectious bloodborne hazard. 3. Can survive outside the body for up to a week. 4. Vaccination for HBV is available & very effective. * Hepatitis B vaccine series (3 vaccines over several months) is offered at no cost to all staff. See School Nurse for details. Vaccine provides life long protection. o Symptoms of HBV Some people have no symptoms at all! 1. Flu-like symptoms. 2. Pain on the right side of the abdomen. A condition in which the skin & the whites of the eyes turn yellow in color (jaundice). 3. Dark urine (like cola or tea). 4. Pale stools.
3 Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) 1. Long-term effects include chronic liver disease & death. 2. No treatment or vaccine is available for HCV. 3. Virus does not survive well out of body. o Symptoms of HCV a) Pain on the right side of abdomen. b) Jaundice. c) Fatigue. d) Appetite loss. e) Nausea. f) Dark-colored urine g) Stools become pale in color. Transmission: How BBP Enter Your Body: o Bloodborne pathogens can be transmitted when there is direct contact with blood or other potentially infected material (OPIM). 1. Blood entering open cuts, wounds or skin abrasions. 2. Blood splashing into your eyes, nose or mouth area (mucous membranes). Exposure Control Plan: o Written plan to protect staff from BBP. 1. Identifies staff at risk. 2. Identifies jobs & tasks at risk. 3. Vaccination program. 4. Work practice controls. 5. Use of personal protection equipment. 6. Post exposure incident procedure. o Copy of Exposure Control Plan located in each building. Potential Risk of Exposure: o Anyone who performs first aide, cleans up bloody waste, or comes in contact with an infected body fluid. Work Practice Controls o Methods that reduce the chance of an exposure to BBP including: 1. Universal precautions. 2. Hand washing. 3. Engineering control (such as sharps containers).
4 Universal Precautions o The practice of treating ALL human blood as if it is infectious. 1. Assist in the prevention of contact with blood & other body fluids. 2. Provide the first line of defense against the risks of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Hand Washing This is the single most important technique for preventing the spread of infectious diseases. Use soap & water or alcohol-based hand sanitizer. 1. Wash hands before Eating 2. Wash hands after: o Any contact with blood, body fluids or soiled objects. o Using the toilet. o Assisting with personal hygiene. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)- Specialized clothing or equipment that provides protection against infectious material. 1. Gloves o Wear gloves when contact with potentially infectious materials is anticipated. o Check gloves before use (no small holes, tears, cracks). o Remove contaminated gloves before leaving the work area. o Wash hands after removing gloves. o Never reuse disposable gloves. o Types of gloves that can be used include vinyl, latex, neoprene or utility gloves. 2. Gowns 3. Eye protection 4. Resuscitation devices Disposing of Sharps o All contaminated sharps are discarded as soon as feasible in a designated sharps container. o Containers will be found where sharps are used. o Disposal is regulated by the Ohio EPA. Signs & Labels o Check for the Biohazard Sign, which warns that the container holds blood or other infectious material. o Staff responsible for biohazard waste disposal will be informed of the district policy. o Waste such as bloody tissues can be disposed of in plastic-lined trashcans & do not need a biohazard label.
5 Cleaning Up & Decontamination 1. Some commercially available solutions will effectively disinfect surfaces & equipment. o Look for tuberculocidal agent that kills hepatitis B virus. o Store cleaners according to label instructions. 2. Household chlorine bleach: o Solution must be made fresh every 24 hours. o Use a 10% bleach solution. 3. All surfaces & equipment that come in contact with blood or other potentially contaminated body fluids must be decontaminated with appropriate cleaning solution. o Take your time & be careful. o Avoid splashing contaminated fluids. o Wear appropriate PPE. What to do if an Exposure Occurs 1. Immediately: o Wash the exposed area with soap & water. o Flush splashes to nose, mouth or skin with water. o Irrigate eyes with water or saline. 2. Report the incident according to your district plan. 3. The district will provide for additional medical evaluation & treatment, if needed, at no cost to the staff member. BBP Training: 1. To be completed upon employment. 2. Annually there after. 3. Any time your job duties change & put you at higher risk of exposure. Questions: Contact your school nurse. References: o OSHA BBP Safety & Health Topics o OSHA BBP Training Regulations _data/1910_1030.html o Ohio Public Employment Risk Reduction Program v8n3s06.html o US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention o Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2006) Atkinson, W., Hamborsky, J., & Wolfe, S. (Eds.) Epidemiology and Prevention of
6 Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 9th Ed., Public Health Foundation: Washington, D.C. Resources: o OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Standards (Standard 29 CFR ) o Ohio Revised Code Public Employee Risk Reduction Program o Champion, C. (2005). Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens: Implementing OSHA Standards in a School Setting. National Association of School Nurses, Inc: Castle Rock, CO. o American Academy of Pediatrics (2006) In: Pickering, LK, (ed.) Red Book: 2003 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 27th Ed. American Academy of Pediatrics: Elk Grove Village, Ill.
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