geoffrey iwata 2/22/2012

Transcription

1 geoffrey iwata phy h190 2/22/2012

2 What are the Light Bulb Wars Artwork by bloggerknight2009

3 What are the Light Bulb Wars Energy Independence And Security Act of 2007 Requires roughly 25 percent greater efficiency for light bulbs, phased in from 2012 through h 2014 Effectively bans the manufacturing and importing of most current incandescent light bulbs Rationale: 22% of US electricity consumption due to lighting (2010) That s 13% of our total energy Wikipedia.org

4 What are the Light Bulb Wars Should incandescent bulbs be banned from production??

5 Why are they controversial? "We are taking away a choice that continues to let people p waste their own money Secretary Chu

6 How did this battle arise?

7 Where does the energy go? US Energy Report 2001

8 How many lumens do we need?

9 What s the matter with incandescent?

10 Why is incandescent under attack?

11 What s the matter with incandescent? Let s look at how they work Low pressure inert gas (argon, nitrogen, krypton, xenon) Tungston Filament ~ 3000K Mostly infrared spectrum Get Hot!

12 What s the matter with incandescent? Let s look at how they work Low pressure inert gas (argon, nitrogen, krypton, xenon) Tungston Filament ~ 3000K Mostly infrared spectrum Get Hot!

13 What s the matter with incandescent? Associated Press

14 What s the matter with incandescent? How are they made: Cheaply Recipe since 1879 filament, gas, bulb, wires

15 Why are CFLs smarter?

16 Why are Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Better? How do they work? Electric current through mercury vapor excites ionized Hg atoms Hg atoms emit UV light and 185 nm Phosphor coating on glass fluoresces in visible range Current regulated by ballast Howstuffworks.com

17 Why are Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Better? Power converted to visible light: CFL: ~22% (50 70 lumens/watt) Incandescent ~2% (10 17 lumens/watt) Heat production: Hot bulbs increase building s air conditioning costs (in warm climates)

18 Why are Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Better? Power converted to visible light: CFL: ~22% (50 70 lumens/watt) Incandescent ~2% (10 17 lumens/watt) Heat production: Hot bulbs increase building s air conditioning costs (in warm climates) Last Longer CFL: hours Incandescent: hours Energystar CFL report 2007

19 Why are Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Better? CFL Incandescent

20 Why are Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Better? CFL Incandescent

21 How can we compare CFLs to incandescent? 1991

22 How can we compare CFLs to incandescent?

23 Why are Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Better? CFL Incandescent Low production impact Easy bake oven Power >light More efficient Last longer Cheap No mercury in the bulb

24 How can we compare CFLs to incandescent? Consider 8000 hours of use: CFL 13Watt 104 kwh Incandescent 60 Watt 480 kwh Maryland Energy Administration Energy Star.gov

25 How can we compare CFLs to incandescent? But how about the mercury used? National Average Mercury emissions mg/kwh mg from mg electricity from use landfilling 5.76 mg from electricity use 0 mg from landfilling mg mg CFL (uses 104 kwh) Incandescent (uses 480 kwh) Maryland Energy Administration Energy Star.gov

26 How can we compare CFLs to incandescent? Energy Star.gov

27 Why are Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Better? CFL Incandescent

28 How much money do we really save? Incandescent: 32c / bulb CFL: $4.47 / bulb The Home Depot

29 How much money do we really save? Incandescent: 32c / bulb CFL: $4.47 / bulb At best lifetime ratio: 15,000/750 = 20, saves ~$2/bulb

30 How much money do we really save? Incandescent: 32c / bulb CFL: $4.47 / bulb At best lifetime ratio: 15,000/750 = 20, saves ~$2/bulb At worst lifetime ratio: 6000/1000 = 6, loses ~$2.5/bulb

31 But how about electricity costs? Incandescent: 32c / bulb CFL: $4.47 / bulb Reasonable estimate of electricity cost 20c /kwh For 8000 hours:!!! CFL: $20.80 Incandescent: $ 96.00

32 Why are Compact Fluorescent Bulbs Better? CFL Incandescent

33 Why all the fuss? "It was never my goal for Washington to decide what type of light bulbs Americans should use Fred Upton (R., Mich.) WSJ.com

34 Why all the fuss? "It was never my goal for Washington to decide what type of light bulbs Americans should use Fred Upton (R., Mich.) In 2011, new bill introduced to disallow government spending to enforce new standards. WSJ.com

35 Why all the fuss? "It was never my goal for Washington to decide what type of light bulbs Americans should use Fred Upton (R., Mich.) In 2011, new bill introduced to disallow government spending to enforce new standards. Light bulb manufacturers have already replaced fabrication lines: A delay in enforcement undermines those investments and creates regulatory uncertainty. tit Joseph Higbee (National Electrical l Manufacturers Association) WSJ.com, poltico.com

36 Why all the fuss? "The American people want less government intrusion into their lives, not more, and that includes staying out of their personal light bulb choices." Michele Bachmann (R., Minn.) (The bill) was passed at the height of the global warming fad scare when all proper thinkers were supposed to sacrifice to the anticarbon gods. WSJ editorial WSJ.com, physicstoday.org

37 Why all the fuss? "I will concede over the life of the bulb...that you probably do save some money, but it takes a long time to save it. Rep. Joe Barton (R., Texas) WSJ.com

38 Why all the fuss? "I will concede over the life of the bulb...that you probably do save some money, but it takes a long time to save it. Rep. Joe Barton (R., Texas) Life of CFL bulb hours at most is about 2 years. WSJ.com

39 Conclusion CFLs do make sense over incandescent bulbs. Lots of the rhetoric seems to be about reelection. This remains a patch to a greater issue.