Update on NEES Tsunami Wave Basin Project

Transcription

1 2nd Annual Meeting of the NEES Consortium San Diego, California - May 20-23, 2004 The NEES Multidirectional/Tsunami Wave Basin Upgrade Solomon Yim, Cherri Pancake, Daniel Cox and Harry Yeh Oregon State University Update on NEES Tsunami Wave Basin Project Solomon Yim, PI Daniel Cox, Co-PI, Wave Basin Construction and Operation, K-12 and Community Outreach Cherri Pancake, Co-PI, Network, IT and Usability Harry Yeh, Co-PI, Research Community Outreach, Tsunami Experiment Design and Testing 1

2 Project Goals Develop Experimental Facility for Tsunami Research Community Leverage existing wave research facility Expand capacity to tsunami waves and 3-D bathymetry Enhance Effectiveness of Tsunami Researchers Reduce requirement for on-site presence Facilitate re-use of previous experimentation Support integration of simulation and experimentation Major EQ Induced Tsunami Events in 1990 s 1 SEP 1992, Nicaragua Tsunami (EQ 7.2 M) 179 dead; 489 injured; > 40,000 displaced; Max. runup 9.7 m 2 DEC 1992, Indonesia Tsunami (EQ 7.5 M) > 2,000 dead; Max. runup 26.0 m 12 JUL 1993, Japan Hokkaido Tsunami (EQ 7.6 M) 330 dead; $1.5 B damage; Max. runup 31.0 m 3 JUN 1994, Indonesia East Java Tsunami (EQ 7.2 M) 250 dead and 226 missing, 2,000 structures damaged; Max. runup 14.0 m 15 NOV 1994, Philippines Mindoro Tsunami (EQ 7.0 M) 62 dead, 1,530 houses destroyed; Max. runup 10.0 m 21 FEB 1996, Peru Tsunami (EQ 7.3 M) 12 dead, 55 injured; Max. runup 5.1 m 17 JUL 1998, Papua New Guinea Tsunami (EQ 7.1 M) 2,182 dead; 1,000 injured; 10,000 displaced; Max. runup 15.0 m 2

3 Fluid-soil -structure interaction region Runup region Various Aspects of a Tsunami Transformation region Sketch of a Tsunami Lifecycle Propagation region Generation region Propagation region Continental shelf Ocean Continental plate Interplate Thrust Subsea Earthquake Oceanic plate Large-Scale Tsunami Simulation Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Tsunami, July 12, 1993 Simulation by USC Research Group 3

4 Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Tsunami, July 12, 1993 NOAA: Hokkaido Nansei-Oki Tsunami, July 12, 1993 NOAA: 4

5 Wave Research Laboratory (before) Tsunami Wave Basin Expansion (after) 5

6 NEES Directional Basin/Wave Generator Upgrade Before Basin Dimensions Length : 26.5 m Width : 18.5 m Depth : 1.5 m Wave Generator Stroke : 0.9 m Velocity : 0.5 m/sec Tsunami Height : 0.2 m Additional Access Ramp Building Extension After 49.4 m 26.5 m 2.1 m 2 m 2 m/sec 0.8 m Wave Basin Expansion 6

7 Wave Research Laboratory Flythrough The NEES Tsunami Basin Wave Generator A twenty-nine segment directional wave generator along 26.5 m (87 ft) east wall Each 0.9 m (3 ft) wide segment has: maximum stroke of 2 m (6.6 ft) maximum velocity of 2 m/s (6.6 ft/s) Independent segment edge motions controlled by 30 electric motors with bell drives Capable of generating a 0.8 m (2.6 ft) solitary wave height in a 1 m (3.2 ft) water depth 7

8 Tsunami Wave Definition Sketch C = [g(h+h)] 1/2 H η η = H sech 2 [(3H/4h 3 ) 1/2 (Ct-x)] p/γ = h + η -s s h u = Cη/(h+η) Wave Board: Maximum Conditions H+h u = CH/(h+H) Stroke = [16Hh/3] 1/2 F/b = γ(h+h) 2 /2? (0) 8

9 Design Conditions H = 0.8 m, h = 1.0 m Stroke = [16Hh/3] 1/2 = 2.07 m C = [g(h+h)] 1/2 = 4.20 m/sec u = CH/(h+H) = 1.87 m/sec F/b = γ(h+h) 2 /2 = 15,892 Newtons/m For b =.91 m (3 ft), F = 14,462 Newtons Peak Power = F * u = 27,044 N m/sec Total Power = Peak Power * # Boards (29) = 784,269 N m/sec = 784 Kilowatts = 1052 HP 6 of 29 Wave Boards 9

10 Single Wave Board and Drive Guide Bearing, Hinge 10

11 Belt Drive The NEES Tsunami Wave Basin 11

12 The NEES Tsunami Wave Basin The NEES Tsunami Wave Basin 12

13 Update on NEES Tsunami Wave Basin Project Oregon State s Wave Research Laboratory (WRL) now hosts the most advanced tsunami testing facility in the nation (world) 3-D Tsunami Wave Basin Construction Completed Grant Opening held on Sept. 13, 2003 Performance specification testing on going Test of concept experiments on going IT development on going NEES Tsunami Wave Basin Grand Opening 13

14 Tsunami Scenario under NEES Seismic Hazard Seismic Event Tsunami Generation Geo Sciences Performance Simulation Impact Assessment Wave Propagation/Inundation Wave-Structure-Soil Interaction System Response Performance Modeling Consequences (Evacuation Scenario) Engineering Social Science Envisioned Tsunami Basin Experiments Tsunami Wave Forces on Structures and Seabed Structure Force Coefficients : Lift, Drag, Inertia, Pressure Wave-Structure-Soil Interaction Coupled Structure-Soil and Fluid Dynamics including Structural and Soil Motions, Wave Diffraction/Reflection, Turbulence, Breaking, Energy Dissipation Scale Effects in Tsunami Runup and Velocity Measurements Reynolds Number : Viscosity Finite Amplitude : Convective Accelerations Macro-Roughness Effects on Tsunami Behavior Wave Attenuation : Natural and Constructed Roughness Debris Flow : Motion Initiation and Debris Concentration 14

15 User-controlled live cameras Wave Basin Expansion 15

16 Electronic Notebook One of the Best Use of the Large Wave Flume 16