Sharing the Responsibility of the Implementa5on of New Interna5onal Voluntary Guidelines for Small- Scale Fisheries via Regional and Na5onal

Transcription

1 Sharing the Responsibility of the Implementa5on of New Interna5onal Voluntary Guidelines for Small- Scale Fisheries via Regional and Na5onal Networks. Zahidah ( Zaidy) 2014

2 UN Principal Organs General Assembly Security Council Economic and Social Council Secretariat International Court of Justice Trusteeship Council 6 Notes: 1 The United Nations, its Funds and Programmes, the Specialized Agencies, IAEA and WTO are all members of the United Nations System Chief Executives Board for Coordination (CEB). 2 UNRWA and UNIDIR report only to the General Assembly (GA). 3 IAEA reports to the Security Council and the GA. 4 WTO has no reporting obligation to the GA, but contributes on an ad hoc basis to GA and Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) work on, inter alia, finance and development issues. 5 Specialized Agencies are autonomous organizations whose work is coordinated through ECOSOC (intergovernmental level) and CEB (inter-secretariat level). 6 The Trusteeship Council suspended operation on 1 November 1994, as on 1 October 1994 Palau, the last United Nations Trust Territory, became independent. 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Public Information DPI/2470 rev August 2013

3 Thesis Outline Template ( 2014) Sec5ons legal instrument levels Work Plan INTRODUCTION Background of the problem : Research queshons Relevance of the Study : Scope of the Study :DefiniHons of the terms Global Regional NaHonal Part 1 ( 40%) Chapter 1 (20%) Sec$on A (10%) Sec$on B (10%) CHAPTER 1: UNCLOS, THE CODE AND SSF- VG Global_ regional Level Chapter 2 (20%) Sec$on A (10%) Sec$on B (10%) Part 2 ( 40%) Chapter 3 (20%) Sec$on A (10%) Sec$on B (10%) REGIONAL AND NATIONAL LEVEL: WEB OF INTERCONNECTED ISSUES ORGANISATION CAPACITY FOR NETWORKS IN SMALL- SCALE FISHERIES Linking Global Ocean Governance to Regional to NaHonal level NaHonal level Chapter 4 (20%) Sec$on A (10%) Sec$on B (10%) TOWARDS SSF- VG IMPLEMENTATION: CRITICAL ROLE OF KEY PARTNERSHIPS FOR SIDS NETWORKS NaHonal level - Regional Conclusion : Learning from the study and UN Japan Fellowship NaHonal Regional Global

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5 Two Specific Research Questions Do networks achieve the key functions: (1) platforms to exchange experiences and information 2) support implementation of ecosystem approaches in fisheries sector (3) promote multi- stakeholder collaboration (4) stakeholder involvement in policy and decision- making; as outlined in the SSF- VG. What are some of the organizational capacity needs of national level networks and how they can be strengthened for meaningful partnerships?

6 Outline of the Thesis 1. IntroducHon World Fisheries Crises and Lack of Small- Scale Fisheries Recogni5on The Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small- Scale Fisheries (SSF- VG) The Challenge: Policy Implementa5on at the Na5onal Level Research QuesHons & Methodology 2. Part 1 3. Part 2 OCEAN GOVERNANCE FROM THE INTERNATIONAL LEVEL TO REGIONAL (Case Study : Regional SSF Networks) REGIONAL TO NATIONAL LEVEL: THE NATIONAL CONTEXT: A COMPLEX ARENA. ( Two Country Case study working towards networks).

7 Thinking Future Oceans World Fisheries Crises and Lack of Small- Scale Fisheries Recogni5on

8 SIDS ( 35 Countries ) members of FAO Caribbean AnHgua and Barbuda, Bahamas, Dominica, Cuba, Dominican Republic Barbados, Belize, Grenada, Guyana, HaiH, Jamaica, St. Kies and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Suriname. Pacific Cook Islands, Fiji,, KiribaH, Marshall Islands,, Nauru, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands,, Tonga, Vanuatu. Federated States of Micronesia and Tuvalu have applied ource : for membership 3p://aid.dfat.gov.au/aidissues/Pages/cc- fast- start- finance- progress- report.aspx.

9 Qualita5ve Research Methodology 1. InternaHonal level : Desktop review around FAO s SSF _VG consultahons. NetDraw Analysis. Visual Picture 2. Designed checklist : compare network funchons. (Regional Outlook on SSF informa5on sharing) Locally Managed Marine Areas network (LMMA), and its approaches in the Pacific region. Caribbean Network of Fisherfolk Organiza$ons (CNFO) and compares the func$ons of the 3. Authors Project nahonal case studies. 4. A snowball technique (Validate data What is currently going on)

10 Legal framework HLPE, Sustainable fisheries and aquaculture for food security and nutrihon. A report by the High Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and NutriHon of the Commieee on World Food Security, Rome Part A Results 2014 : Voluntary Guidelines on Securing Sustainable small scale fisheries

11 Part A Results InternaHonal agreements signed by Grenada

12 Why Study FAO SSF- VG Process Global Assistance Programme : ( Financial support for Implementa;on of SSF- VG ) 1. Knowledge products and outreach. 2. Knowledge Sharing and suppor5ng policy reform. 3. Capacity Development and Ins5tu5onal Strengthening. 4. Suppor5ng implementa5on.

13 Caribbean SIDs Pacific SIDs CNFO NFO Grenada 2010 : Rome 2012 : Regions 2013: E- consulta$on Green : SSF ins$tu$ons and partners not consulted FO : Fisher organiza;ons IGO : Inter- Gov Org NGO : Non- Gov Org CSO : Civil- Society Org Acad : Academic P: Private sector. Results : Visualizing : FAO 3 Year SSF- VG draiing & NegoHaHon process

14 Results : Zooming In : FAO 3 Year SSF- VG draiing & NegoHaHon Process : Focus on Pacific SIDs / Regional Networks & CSOs, Expert Group & Government Reps CNFO Key Stakeholders missed from the process FO : Fisher organiza;ons IGO : Inter- Gov Org NGO : Non- Gov Org CSO : Civil- Society Org Academic : Pool of Experts advising UN 2010 : Rome 2012 : Regions 2013: E- consulta$on

15 Regional Level : Who is Talking to Grassroots people where SSF maaers most Livelihoods / Food security /Fisherfolks / Coastal & Fishing communihes.

16 Caribbean Network of Fisherfolk OrganizaHon (CNFO). CNFO is a network of fisherfolk from NaHonal Fisherfolk OrganizaHons (NFO) in the Caribbean Regional Fisheries Mechanism (CRFM) Member States Study Looked : Origin, current FuncHons & challenges Source Patrick McConney, 2013

17 Priority over Research Strategy & Qualita5ve Research Four FAO Func5ons that are Communica5on and the last 5 Recent Policy ( last 5 Year) work in progress by CNFO Collabora5on Via years of the related documenta5on on CNFO CNFO 1.Placorm for SSF actors and Yearly GCFI Fisher Forums Stakeholders to Exchange and exchanges. Experiences & Informa5on. Recent EU Project 2. Ecosystem Approaches in the Strengthening Caribbean Fisheries Sector fisherfolk to parhcipate in governance. 3. Mul5- Stakeholder /Cross- Sectoral Collabora5on Recent Caribbean Common Fisheries Policy draiing consultahons, 4. Policy & decision making Aspects negohahons, and regional meehngs. Results High Low Medium High Paper ContribuHon in the FAO Workshop 2014: On Strengthening Organiza5ons and collec5ve ac5on in Fisheries. Lessons Learned from Brazil and the Caribbean. Assessment of needs of fisherfolk organisahons in the Caribbean prepared by CANARI (march 2014). Yearly Annual GCFI reports Other web site development is in progress.

18 PLMMA ILMMA PNGCLMA Network of Marine Management and conservahon prachhoners (community leaders / NGO s/ government staff / researchers) working on LMMA SILMMA Source : Govan FLMMA

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20 Research Ques5on 2 : Organiza5onal network Capacity needs. Source: Pound and Adolph (2005),

21 ü NaHonal LegislaHon and Enabling Environment ü Bridging Organiza5on ü Wan SmolBag theater (WSB), civil society org has a : ü Memorandum of Understanding with the Vanuatu Fisheries Department (VFD), Source.George Petro 2013

22 Network Working with Gov in SSF : Future Poten5als Source Hugh Govan 2004

23 Brief on types of OrganizaHonal Capacity needs : Members PerspecHves: A strategic and par5cipatory planning process Provincial Governance Strengthening Program Dispute and conflict management skills Law and enforcement training: Strengthening Communica5on &Networking

24 } Grenada Policy outlook : High on Concession and high capacity industrial fisheries. } MPAs largely being ques5oned, untrusted by the communi5es and by fishers. } Grenada faces a social myth that fishers cannot act collec5vely which is deeply embedded from the experiences of associa5ons } 2013 : FAO study collec;ve ac;on : SSF- VG report : noted liple leadership or progress in Grenada for collec;ve ac;on for NFO. ( Why : Is it leadership / poli;cal will or just representa;on issue??? )

25 Political Commitment Grenada, 20 November, 2014 (CRFM): Promo$ng blue growth by raising public awareness and understanding is for the greater good of the Caribbean region

26 ..Right SSF representation needs right set of Fisher leadership skills.

27 } Strategic Planning } Right Actors: Leadership Training : Transitioning from Fishers to Fisher leader : } Fisherfolk mobilization / communication } Policy Analysis to set the platform for legal framework. } Law and enforcement training: } Fisherfolk mobilization,communication &Networking

28 } learned that cross learning approaches between industrial fisheries management and small-scale fishery needs to well understood in efforts to strengthen the National fishers Network } Organization capacity can be meaning-less if right skills of people are not part of the process. Need leadership assessment guidelines. } Government can have a whole range of different relations with fisher groups or organizations, ranging from support to indifference to even distrust.

29 International challenges for SSF : harmonization in 3 streams of governance (Human Rights / Sea and Fishery / and Sustainable development ) Way Forward : potential to partner with likeminded networks at the international level to develop collective voice. For international and national efforts being called within the SSF-VG, these networks cannot be assumed to be automatically. Possibility is investing in networks and their substantial organization capacity, appropriate legal basis.

30 } Understanding the legal language is vital : Lawyers are negotiating and making the law ( interface of different disciplines is needed ) } The real policymaking process is less logical and linear. ( separate passionate to what may be negotiated ) } The world is getting more mobile and networked, FAO SSF- VG solutions could be implemented by investing in networks in meeting UN- country obligations and legitimacy.