ISS INTERESTING FACTS November 2004

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1 ISS to date (6 years and counting the last 4 staffed with humans): Including launch of the first module Zarya at 1:40 a.m. EST on Nov. 20, 1998 there have been 43 launches to the ISS, 27 Russian and 16 Shuttle flights. The most recent Space Shuttle mission in 2002 (Endeavour STS-113/11A) was the 19 th assembly flight (16 U.S., 3 Russian). The flight delivered a third truss segment, called P1. The next shuttle mission by Discovery (STS-114/LF1) targeted for May/June 2005 will delivery supplies and replace a failed gyroscope onboard. A Soyuz rocket performed the most recent crew exchange of Expedition 10 for Expedition 9 with launch October 13 (U.S. time). E9 returned on October 24 (Kazakhstan time). The next crew rotation on a Soyuz is scheduled for April The 27 Russian flights include 3 modules (Zarya, Zvezda, Pirs), 9 Soyuz crew vehicles, and 15 Progress resupply ships. The 15 th Progress arrived at the station on Aug. 14, and the next is scheduled for late December. With the most recent spacewalk by Expedition 9 Commander Gennady Padalka and Flight Engineer Mike Fincke, 56 have been conducted in support of ISS assembly 25 Shuttle based and 31 ISS based totaling more than 338 hours. The next spacewalk is scheduled for late January by the Expedition 10 crew to pre-position a Transferable Universal Work Platform on Zvezda and install external commercial experiments. The ISS has 15,000 cubic feet of habitable volume more room than a conventional three-bedroom house and weighs 404,000 pounds. There are seven research racks on board, 16 system racks and 10 stowage racks. With addition of the Quest Airlock in July 2001, the second phase of ISS assembly was completed. From that point, the station now has the capability to operate its own station arm and to conduct space walks without the presence of the Space Shuttle. The solar array surface area currently on orbit is 9,600 square feet, which is large enough to cover 75 percent of the U.S. House of Representatives Chamber (139 ft x 93 ft = 12,927 sq ft). Over the last 3½ years, more than 200,000 lbs. of hardware has been delivered to the ISS a weight equal to more than 63 automobiles. At present, the ISS currently weighs about 404,000 lbs. (equivalent to about 130 automobiles). Crews have eaten about 13,000 meals, 10,000 snacks (20,000 lbs food). Approximately three tons of supplies are required to support a crew of two for about six months. Based on input from ISS crew members, the top 10 favorite on orbit foods are: Shrimp cocktail, tortillas, barbecue beef brisket, breakfast sausage links, chicken fajitas, vegetable quiche, macaroni and cheese, candy-coated chocolates, and cherry blueberry cobbler. And their favorite beverage of choice to wash it all down? Lemonade. The ISS travels an equivalent distance to the Moon and back in about a day. While a year of Space Shuttle operations (7 crew, 11 day mission, 5 flights/year) results in 9,240 total crew hours, one year of ISS operations 26,280 total crew hours (3 crew, 365 days) is almost three times that amount. ISS systems recycle about 14 lbs (1.7 gallons) of crew-expelled air each day. Six pounds of that comes from the U.S. segment. The processed water is then used for technical or drinking purposes.

2 ISS At Completion The ISS solar array surface will be large enough to cover the U.S. Senate Chamber more than three times over. Eventually the ISS will be larger than a five-bedroom house. The ISS will have an internal pressurized volume of 46,000 cubic feet, or about 1.5 Boeing 747s. The solar arrays wingspan (240 ft) will be longer than that of a Boeing /300 model, which is 212 ft. Fifty-two computers will control the systems on the ISS. Forty-three space flights will have been conducted on three different types of launch vehicles over the course of the station s construction. More than 120 telephone-booth size rack facilities will be installed in the ISS for operating the spacecraft systems and research experiments The ISS will be about four times as large as the Russian space station Mir, and about five times as large as the U.S. Skylab. The ISS will weigh almost one million pounds. That s the equivalent of more than 330 automobiles. The ISS will measure 361 feet end-to-end. That s equivalent to the length of a football field including the end zones. 2.6 million lines of software code on the ground will support 1.5 million lines of flight software code. 8 miles of wire will connect the electrical power system. In the International Space Station s U.S. segment alone, 1.5 million lines of flight software code will run on 44 computers communicating via 100 data networks transferring 400,000 signals (e.g. pressure or temperature measurements, valve positions, etc.). The ISS will manage 20 times as many signals as the Space Shuttle. Main U.S. control computers have 1.5 gigabytes of total main hard drive storage in U.S. segment compared to modern PCs, which have gigabyte hard drives. The entire 55-foot robot arm assembly will be able to lift 220,000 pounds, which is the weight of a Space Shuttle orbiter. The 110 kilowatts of power for the ISS will be supplied by an acre of solar panels. Over the next 20 years, there will be 260 ISS spacewalks. To date in NASA s history, there have been 139.

3 Research Expedition crews conduct science daily, across a wide variety of fields including human life sciences, physical sciences and Earth observation as well as education and technology demonstrations. Total crew research time totals more than 2,000 hours (through August, 2004). Presently, seven research racks are aboard the Station with an additional five being built or already at the Kennedy Space Center in preparation for flight. For researchers in the field of earth science, the ISS provides an excellent viewing platform as it crosses the same area of the planet every three days and covers more than 90 percent of the populated Earth. Station crews have taken more than 100,000 images of the Earth. A third of ISS resources will be devoted to commercial endeavors, stimulating business on Earth. More than 80 new investigations have been (or are in the process of being) operated aboard the ISS, and crews had accumulated 45 months of continuous U.S. research time (as of Oct. 31, 2004). Through the first seven expeditions, crewmembers averaged 22.5 hours on each experiment. The average investigation duration through Expedition 6 is 1,838 hours or 77 days (excluding human research investigation duration). Through Expedition 7, about 91 percent of all research objectives have been accomplished. Down-to-Earth Comparisons The ISS effort involves more than 100,000 people in space agencies and at 500 contractor facilities in 37 U.S. states and in 16 countries. That s almost half of the entire population of North Dakota. Building the ISS in space is like trying to change a spark plug or hang a shelf, wearing roller skates and two pairs of ski gloves with all your tools, screws and materials tethered to your body so they don t drop. Living and working on the ISS is like building one room of a house, moving in a family of three and asking them to finish building the house while working full time from home.

4 Spacecraft Comparisons: Celebrating nearly 43 years of Americans in orbit Feb.20, 1962 Nov. 20, 2004 STEPPINGSTONES AND BRIDGES: FROM MERCURY TO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION MERCURY/ATLAS 6 SPACE SHUTTLE SPACE STATION (ISS) Length: 6 ft, 10 inches 122 feet 171 feet Width: 6 ft, 2 ½ inches 78 feet (wingspan) 240 feet (solar arrays) Height: N/A 56 feet 90 feet Volume: 50 cubic feet 2,600 cubic feet 15,000 cubic feet Weight: 3,500 pounds 200,000 pounds 404,000 pounds Computers: (incl pyld laptops) 52 (incl pyld laptops) Flight: 4 hrs, 55 min, 23 sec 11 days (average) 44 months & counting ISS Quick Look: November 20, 1998 December 4, 1998 July 12, 2000 Nov. 1, 2000 November 2000 February 2001 April 2001 July 2001 April 2002 June 2002 September 2002 November 2002 TBD/Under Review ISS size/weight: Spacewalks: Assembly missions: U.S. Core Complete: ISS Completion: First Element Launch (Zarya) Shuttle mission carrying first U.S. component (Unity) Early living quarters launched by Russians (Zvezda) START OF PERMANENT HUMAN PRESENCE ON ISS (EXP. ONE) First set of U.S. arrays making the ISS the most powerful spacecraft ever U.S. Laboratory 'Destiny' delivered (provides command and control and experiment platform) Canadian robotic arm extends the 'reach' of the station for assembly U.S. Airlock 'Quest' arrives allowing spacewalks without the Shuttle S0 (Starboard Zero) Truss (central truss segment); Mobile Transporter Mobile Base System (platform on which SSRMS will permanently reside) S1 (Starboard One) Truss and first of two CETA carts P1 (Port One) Truss and second of two CETA carts STS-114, which is not adding hardware this is a MPLM logistics msn. 171 ft long, 240 ft wide, 90 ft high 202 tons (404,000 lbs) of mass 56 (25 Shuttle based; 31 ISS based) totaling more than 338 hours 16 Shuttle; 27 Russian (3 modules; 10 crews; 15 resupply) TBD pending return to flight TBD pending return to flight

5 The 10 Expedition crews: Expedition 10 (CURRENT): Astronaut Leroy Chiao, Commander & NISO Cosmonaut Salizhan Sharipov, FE Expedition 11 (NEXT): Cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev, Cdr Astronaut John Phillips, FE & NISO Increment Start: April 04 Increment Start: October 04 Increment End: October 04 Increment End: April 05 First Expedition: Expedition 2: Astronaut Bill Shepherd, Commander Cosmonaut Yuri Usachev, Commander Cosmonaut, Yury Gidzenko, Soyuz Pilot Astronaut Jim Voss, Flight Engineer Cosmonaut, Sergei Krikalev, Flight Engineer Astronaut Susan Helms, Flight Engineer Launched: Oct. 31, 2000 Launched: March 2001 Docked: Nov. 2, 2000 Returned: March 2001 Returned: August days on ISS (141 days in space) 163 days on ISS (167 days in space) Expedition 3: Expedition 4: Astronaut Frank Culbertson, Commander Cosmonaut Yury Onufrienko, Cdr Cosmonaut Vladimir Dezhurov, Soyuz Pilot Astronaut Carl Walz, Flight Engineer Cosmonaut, Mikhail Tyurin, Flight Engineer Astronaut Dan Bursch, Flight Engineer Launched: August 2001 Launched: December 2001 Returned: December 2001 Returned: June days on ISS (129 days in space) 189 days on ISS (196 days in space)** Expedition 5: Expedition 6: Cosmonaut Valery Korzun, Commander Astronaut Ken Bowersox, Cdr Cosmonaut Sergei Treschev, Flight Engineer Cosmonaut Nikolai Budarin, FE Astronaut Peggy Whitson, 1 st NASA ISS Sci Ofcr Astronaut Don Pettit, NASA ISS Sci Ofcr Launched: June 2002 Launched: November 2002 Returned: November 2002 Returned: May days on ISS (185 days in space) 159 days on ISS (161 days in space) Expedition 7: Expedition 8: Cosmonaut Yuri Malenchenko, Commander Astronaut Mike Foale, Cdr & NISO Astronaut Ed Lu, FE & NISO Cosmonaut Alexander Kaleri, FE (Pedro Duque up with E8/dwn with E7) (Andre Kuipers up with E9/dwn with E8) Launched: April 2003 Launched: October 2003 Returned: October 2003 Returned: April days on ISS (185 days in space) 193 days on ISS (195 days in space) Expedition 9: Cosmonaut Gennady Padalka, Commander Astronaut Mike Fincke, NISO (Yuri Shargin up with E10/dwn with E9) Launched: April 2004 Returned: October days on ISS (188 days in space) ** Astronaut records