Woodland Carbon Code

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1 Woodland Carbon Code

2 Forests and Climate Change

3 Forests and Climate Change Forests, woodlands and trees can help to combat climate change through mitigation and adaptation. The challenge is to adapt to new threats and new opportunities but maintain sustainable forests and woodlands. New guidelines in the UK FS Forests and Climate Change available from the FC website

4 Forests and Climate Change The UK approach to forestry and climate change is defined in terms of the following six key actions: protecting the forests that we already have; reducing deforestation; restoring forest cover; using wood for energy; replacing other materials with wood; planning to adapt to our changing climate. Carbon capture in new woodlands and its protection in their soils and further integration of land uses are key policy themes across the UK The UK government has signalled its support for woodland creation in the UK low Carbon Transition Plan and announced that it would support a new drive to encourage private funding of woodland creation.

5 Forests and Climate Change

6 The Woodland Creation Agenda July 09 May 10 Nov 09 March 10 Dec 11 July 11

7 Woodland Creation and Climate Change Drivers We need more trees for landscape resilience, wildlife, recreation and products More trees will help reverse some of the damage being done by GHG emissions Trees are a very cost effective way of reducing atmospheric carbon levels

8 Woodland Carbon Code Why do we need a Woodland Carbon Code? Market free for all no regulation to protect investors Different quality of woodland creation, establishment and management No standard way of estimating or predicting carbon uptake No guards against double selling or double counting of carbon benefits In response to industry calls to get the house in order, the FC has led the development of the Woodland Carbon Code: a good practice guide for carbon project owners

9 How can carbon help? Companies, institutions and individuals sometimes purchase carbon credits to compensate for GHG emissions Buying carbon can be invaluable in making the cash flow for a woodland project work With the benefits of carbon finance there are responsibilities, namely to ensure a woodland project is properly managed to deliver and to provide transparent accounting of progress

10 Income from the sale of woodland carbon may Help encourage landowners to plant more woodland Provide another source of income for landowners The Goal Make woodland a more attractive land use compared to traditional farming

11 Woodland Carbon Code The Standards

12 The Standards To meet the requirements of the Code projects will need to: Register with the FC, stating the exact location and long-term objectives of their project Meet UK standards for sustainable forest management Have a long-term management plan Use approved methods for estimating the carbon that will be captured Demonstrate that the project delivers additional carbon benefits than would otherwise have been the case. The Code is Voluntary

13 The Standards Additionality would the planting have happened anyway? The woodland planting must not be legally required Government grants must not exceed 85% of planting and forest management costs Carbon finance must be shown to be a deciding factor in the woodland creation happening Each project will be assessed on its own merits

14 The Standards Leakage New woodland usually comes at the expense of some other land use activity such as agriculture, which involves net GHG emissions. There is a risk that establishing a new woodland might drive deforestation or intensify production elsewhere to allow the equivalent agricultural production. There is virtually no chance of this being an issue in the UK, however we must take account of the fact that it could occur. Given the scale of land conversion under consideration, leakage presents a very minor risk at present.

15 The Standards Permanence Although we measure carbon stocks by measuring the trees, it is actually the woodland that is the carbon storage unit. Woodland are expected to remain in perpetuity. The Forestry Act provides protection and reasonable safeguards against woodland loss. Each project includes a substantial buffer for unexpected catastrophic losses (e.g. fire, disease, drought).

16 Woodland Carbon Code Counting Carbon

17 Counting Carbon Measuring the carbon baseline: Project managers must measure the woody vegetation already on site and convert into an estimate of the carbon currently stored there. Estimating future carbon: 1. Forest carbon modelling In the future we hope to have more user friendly and dynamic models that will be better suited to real life situations. 2. Carbon lookup tables Right now we have pre-calculated future carbon capture predictions for a range of woodland types with a range of site conditions.

18 Counting Carbon Carbon Look Up Guidance booklet tells you how: to choose a scenario which most closely reflects your own woodland project to combine the results from different scenarios allowing you to create a more complex, mixed species woodland to use the scenarios to come up with a prediction of the amount of carbon your woodland creation project might capture over its lifespan These tables were constructed and the assumptions used have their limitations

19 CO 2 in the Woodland Unmanaged native broadleaved woodland planted at 3 metre spacing with an expected yield class 8 has accumulated 901 tco 2 e/ha at year 100

20 Woodland Carbon Code & Greenhouse Gas Reporting Guidelines

21 Government s Carbon Plan Woodland Carbon Code compliant woodland creation projects are now a reportable positive activity under Defra s Greenhouse Gas Reporting Guidelines (along with carbon offsetting). Dec 11 IEMA and CBI and others have supported the proposal that GHG reporting becomes mandatory in line with a requirement of the 2008 Climate Change Act to determine this by This could potentially provide a demand for woodland creation.

22 Key points UK-based woodland creation should not be described as carbon offsetting. However, as with carbon offsetting it can now and should be reported under a separate line in organisations GHG reports; Carbon uptake can only be reported once the carbon has been removed from the atmosphere - carbon uptake cannot be reported in advance; Conformance with the Woodland Carbon Code is a requirement for inclusion of woodland GHG removals as a component of net GHG emissions; Emissions associated with deforestation/woodland removal should also be reported; Companies are allowed to submit a narrative report which gives details of their projects future sequestration value with their GHG reports.

23 The Voluntary Carbon Market

24 131.2 MtCO2e transacted in 2010 in the global voluntary carbon markets. Volumes grew by 34% compared to 2009 & exceeded historic levels. Substantial growth forecast for 2011 to reach 213 MtCO2e. By 2015, suppliers predict a market size of 406 MtCO2e. Woodland Carbon Code compliant woodland creation is now a reportable positive activity under Defra s Greenhouse Gas Reporting Guidelines. These guidelines may become mandatory for many more companies in 2012 Voluntary Carbon Market

25 Woodland Carbon Code Progress since July 2011

26 Progress Detailed best practice requirements & guidance developed Pilot programme completed Code launched in July 2011

27 Progress Applications from projects for certification under the Code have been growing steadily since its launch in July projects now registered; 7 projects validated over 200,000 tc0 2 e; These projects will create 2,500ha of new woodland and capture the equivalent of 1,000,000t of CO 2.

28 What Next? Further clarify key guidance eg. soils Develop & pilot a group certification scheme Establish a robust Woodland Carbon Unit registry Consider potential for the Code to cover management of existing forests and end use of wood products. Consider implications of international post-kyoto Climate Change agreements for relevance of Code to UK compliance markets

29 Progress New national woodland carbon standards Information & guidance on woodland carbon Independent project certification scheme Additional funding stream for woodland creation

30 The Approved Project Logo Any Questions? Contact:

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