PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y

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1 PRO GR ESS IN GEO GRA PH Y V o l. 18, N o. 2 June, 1999 : (1999) , (, ) : 15,,,,, 50 : : P343: A,,, (UDC61313gGB ) 1984,, 1 ; 1996,,,,,,,,,, 50 50, 50 30, M 1KNORR, 50, 50 [1 ], 80,,,,, [2 ] 1989 [3 ], : ; : : (19612),,

2 154 18,, 1 Tab11 D iv ision schedule of the groundwater protection zones in Be ij ing, Zhengzhou and the Germany standards m 50 m ( 2 km ) g m 50 g A 2 km, g B,, 85% (M argate A ct) 1500 (1 = m ) km , :, , 1 500,, 2) ( 2A3- G [4 ] Tab12 Quality class A3- G of surface water resources for dr ink ing water in the European Commun ity A 3- G A 3- G ph (m ggl SO 4) 150 (m ggl P t2skala) 50 (m ggl C l) (m ggl L aurylsulfat) 015 (Λsgcm ) 1000 (m ggl P 2O 5) 017 (25 ) 20 (m ggl C6H 5HO ) 0101 (m ggl F) 017g117 (m ggl) 015 (m ggl Fe) 1 (m ggl O 2) 30 (m gglm n) 1 (% O 2) > 30 (m ggl Cu) 1 (m ggl O 2) < 7 (m ggl Zn) 1 (m ggl N ) 3 (m ggl B) 1 (m ggl N H 4) 2 (m ggl A s) 0105 (m ggl SEC) 015 (m ggl Cd) (m ggm l) (m ggl H g)

3 2 : 155,,,, ( 1 2), ( )( ) ( ) () : (1) 50 m ; ( ) (2) 25% ; ( ) 1 [5 ] F ig11 Schem atic diagram of the relationsh ip s betw een source p ro tection zones 2 [5 ] F ig12 Zone of influence and cap ture zone (3), 5 km ( 3) : 4982m 3, 160m, 15%, 256mm, : : = g = g01256= 711 km 2 = m ( 20% )

4 : : = 3 50 g( 3 ) = 57m = g( ) = m 2 = g( 3 ) = 163 m = g( ) = m 2 : 57 m, ; m 2, 1117%, 25%, 750 m,,,,,, 3 [5 ] F ig13 P ro tection zones : [ 1 ]. [J ]., 1998 (4) : of W ell X [ 2 ] Evers S, L erner D N. How uncertain is our estim ate of a w ellhead p ro tection zone? [J ] G round W ater, 1998, 36 (1) : [ 3 ]. [S ]., [4 ] R ich tlinie des Rates ueber die Q ualitaetsanfo rderungen an O berflaechenw asser fuer die T rinkw assergew innung in den M itgliedstaaten [M ]. 75 L 440. V om 16. Juni 1975 (A bl. N ṙ L 194, S. 34), geaendert durch 01 L 692 vom (A bl. N ṙ L 377, S. 48), 149. Erg- L ieferung Umw eltschutz. [ 5 ] N ational R ivers A utho rity. Guide to groundw ater p ro tection zones in England and W ales[s ]. L ondon, M ethods of delineation of groundwater protection zones the exper ienced m ethod in England and a practical exam ple L I J ian2x in, TAN G D eng2yin ( Institute of Geography, Ch inese A cadem y of Sciences, Beijing100101) Abstract: E stab lish ing p ro tection zones fo r drink ing w ater resou rces in Ch ina has becom e po ssib le since M ay 11, 1984 after the L aw on W astew ater P reven tion and T reatm en t w as issued. O n ly a few groundw ater p ro tection zones have been estab lished in Ch ina, and no t all of them have been w o rked ou t p roperly in reality due to the p rob lem of lack of experi2 enceṡ T here are tw o regu lation s fo r the p ro tection of drink ing w ater resou rces in Ch ina, the D rink ing W ater H ygiene P ro tection Zones (DW H PZs) and the D rink ing W ater P ro tec2 tion Zones (DW PZs), w h ich w ere issued acco rding the D rink ing W ater H ygiene Standards

5 2 : 157 of 1976 and the L aw on W astew ater P reven tion and T reatm en t of 1984, respectively. T he DW H PZs have one p ro tection zone, w h ile the DW PZs have th ree zones. In 1989 the Ch i2 nese N ational Environm en tal A gency in association w ith o ther M in istries issued the R egu2 lation on Po llu tion P reven tion and T reatm en t of D rink ing W ater P ro tection Zones. A c2 co rding to th is regu lation, a groundw ater p ro tection zone shou ld be divided in to th ree sub2 zones. Zone g is the pump ing area o r is som e tim e2of2travel zone, Zone g shou ld have e2 nough travel tim e, and zone g shou ld include the m ain recharge areas. Generally speak ing, there are tw o types of zone delineating m ethods, the modern computer modeling m ethod, and the experienced m ethod like the famou s 50- day travel tim e m ethodo logy w h ich w as found by D r. Kno rr in Germ any. It is difficu lt fo r m any peo2 p le to app ly the computer modeling m ethod, becau se there is no softw are availab le andgo r yet m uch resea rch w o rk needed, esp ecia lly the geo 2and b iochem ica l resea rch abou t the tim e2of2travel zone. T herefo re the experienced m ethod is u sed qu ite popularly. In th is case, the on ly p rob lem is how to u se the experienced m ethod in p ractise. A p ractical examp le of the experienced m ethod in England is in troduced. In 1990s a p ro ject of governm en t w as carried ou t to research the scien tific background to land su rface zon ing fo r groundw ater p ro tection. Inner Zone g is defined by a 50- day travel tim e from any po in t below the w ater tab le to the sou rce and, additionally, as a m in im um 50 m radiu s from the sou rce. O u ter Zone g is defined by the day t ravel t im e o r 25% of the sou rce catchm en t area. Sou rce Catchm en t Zone g is defined as the area needed to suppo rt the p ro tected yield from long2tim e groundw ater recharge (effective rainfall). Key words: groundw ater p ro tection zones; zone delineation

AN EVALUATION OF SHORT TERM TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR PERSONS DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL 1978-1981. P. A. V a le s, Ph.D.

AN EVALUATION OF SHORT TERM TREATMENT PROGRAM FOR PERSONS DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF ALCOHOL 1978-1981 P. A. V a le s, Ph.D. SYNOPSIS Two in d ep en d en t tre a tm e n t g ro u p s, p a r t ic ip