Proctor / Optimum Moisture Maximum Density. Let s take a walk on the beach.

Transcription

1 Proctor / Optimum Moisture Maximum Density Let s take a walk on the beach.

2 Proctor / Max. Density Test A Proctor is the name of the method used in determining the density - moisture relationship in soils Optimum Moisture Content is calculated from the proctor information Maximum Density is the density of a soil when fully compacted at optimum moisture

3 Soil Density Tests Std. Proctor AASHO-T lb. Hammer 25 blows/layer 12 in. 18 in. Mod. Proctor AASHO-T lb. Hammer 25 blows/layer Comp. Effort 13,400 ft. lbs.. Comp. Effort 56,200 ft. lbs..

4 Optimum Moisture Effects (Soils) Water acts as a lubricant For the soil particles Too much - takes up space, does not allow bonding Too little-- lessens the degree of compaction

5 What Is Compaction? COMPACTION - the act of artificially densifying or increasing the unit weight of the soil through the application of external forces; reducing the voids or pore spaces to a minimum and increasing the solid particle content to a maximum. SOIL COMPACTION- different methods of compaction are needed for different types of soils. This can be established by the use of standard test procedures.

6

7 Compactive Forces Water Air

8 Amplitude inches Vertical distance of drum travel

9 Frequency Roller Drum Low VPM High VPM VPM - Vibrations Per Minute Speed of the rotating eccentric shaft

10 Speed Bumps Improper Impact Spacing

11 Compaction Objectives 1. Increased load bearing capacity 2. Increased stability 3. Lower permeability 4. Reduced settlement

12 Primary Factors In Compaction Material - type or make-up Lift thickness Density requirements % Of moisture required Productivity required Selection of equipment

13 AASHTO T-99 COMPACTION TEST RESULTS Dry Density (lbs/cu. ft.) Percent Moisture Test Data Point Maximum Density-Optimum Moisture Point

14 What happens when you walk here!

15 AASHTO T-99 COMPACTION TEST RESULTS Dry Density (lbs/cu. ft.) Percent Moisture Test Data Point Maximum Density-Optimum Moisture Point

16 What happens when you walk here!

17 AASHTO T-99 COMPACTION TEST RESULTS Dry Density (lbs/cu. ft.) Percent Moisture Test Data Point Maximum Density-Optimum Moisture Point

18 What happens when you walk here?

19 AASHTO T-99 COMPACTION TEST RESULTS Dry Density (lbs/cu. ft.) Percent Moisture Test Data Point Maximum Density-Optimum Moisture Point

20 Below Optimum Moisture At Optimum Moisture Above Optimum Moisture

21 Theoretical Maximum Density Theoretical Maximum Density can be used as a quick reference for weight and compaction information Using the gradation of the current sample and the most recent proctor, optimum moisture and bulk specific gravity of course aggregate you can theoretically calculate the maximum density that sample could achieve

22

23 Remember the walk on the beach, it is critical that the sub grade and the surface course be at optimum moisture to have a stable structure. Below Optimum Moisture At Optimum Moisture Above Optimum Moisture

24

25

26 TL-124 (Rev. 4/05) VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION MATERIALS DIVISION REPORT OF NUCLEAR EMBANKMENT DENSITIES (UNIT MASSES) English Metric Report No.: 1 Date: Sheet No.: 1 of 1 Route No.: 1 County: Henrico Project No.: ,c501 F.H.W.A. No.: Test For: 21A Gauge Model: 3440 Serial No: 1234 Calibration Date: 4/1/10 DENSITY STANDARD COUNT MOISTURE Test No. 1 Location Station ft. (m) of Ref. to center line ft. (m) 5' RT C/L Test Elevation Compacted Depth of Lift in. (mm) 6" Method of Compaction Vib. Roller A. Wet Density (lbs/ft³), Wet Unit Mass (kg/m³) = B. Moisture Unit Mass (lbs/ft³), Moisture Unit Mass (kg/m³) = 7.0 C. Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) (A-B) = D. Moisture Content (B C) x 100 = 5.2 E. Maximum Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) Lab Proctor or One Point Proctor = F. Percent Optimum Moisture = 10.7 G. Percent of plus #4, (plus 4.75 mm) = 61 H. Corrected Maximum Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) = I. Corrected Optimum Moisture = 5.2 J. Percent Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Mass (kg/m³) (C E) x 100 or (C H) X 100 = 92.2 K. Percent Minimum Density Required = 90.0 Remarks: Direct Transmission at end of control strip. CC: District Materials Engineer By: Project File Title:

27 TL-124 (Rev. 4/05) VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION MATERIALS DIVISION REPORT OF NUCLEAR EMBANKMENT DENSITIES (UNIT MASSES) English Metric Report No.: 1 Date: Sheet No.: 1 of 1 Route No.: 1 County: Henrico Project No.: ,c501 F.H.W.A. No.: Test For: 21A Gauge Model: 3440 Serial No: 1234 Calibration Date: 4/1/10 DENSITY STANDARD COUNT MOISTURE Test No. 2 Location Station ft. (m) of Ref. to center line ft. (m) 5' RT C/L Test Elevation Compacted Depth of Lift in. (mm) 6" Method of Compaction Vib. Roller A. Wet Density (lbs/ft³), Wet Unit Mass (kg/m³) = B. Moisture Unit Mass (lbs/ft³), Moisture Unit Mass (kg/m³) = 7.0 C. Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) (A-B) = D. Moisture Content (B C) x 100 = 5.2 E. Maximum Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) Lab Proctor or One Point Proctor = F. Percent Optimum Moisture = 10.7 G. Percent of plus #4, (plus 4.75 mm) = 51 H. Corrected Maximum Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) = I. Corrected Optimum Moisture = 5.2 J. Percent Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Mass (kg/m³) (C E) x 100 or (C H) X 100 = 92.2 K. Percent Minimum Density Required = 95.0 Remarks: Direct Transmission at end of control strip. CC: District Materials Engineer By: Project File Title:

28 TL-124 (Rev. 4/05) VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION MATERIALS DIVISION REPORT OF NUCLEAR EMBANKMENT DENSITIES (UNIT MASSES) English Metric Report No.: 1 Date: Sheet No.: 1 of 1 Route No.: 1 County: Henrico Project No.: ,c501 F.H.W.A. No.: Test For: 21A Gauge Model: 3440 Serial No: 1234 Calibration Date: 4/1/10 DENSITY STANDARD COUNT MOISTURE Test No. 2 Location Station ft. (m) of Ref. to center line ft. (m) 5' RT C/L Test Elevation Compacted Depth of Lift in. (mm) 6" Method of Compaction Vib. Roller A. Wet Density (lbs/ft³), Wet Unit Mass (kg/m³) = B. Moisture Unit Mass (lbs/ft³), Moisture Unit Mass (kg/m³) = 7.0 C. Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) (A-B) = 139 D. Moisture Content (B C) x 100 = 5.2 E. Maximum Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) Lab Proctor or One Point Proctor = F. Percent Optimum Moisture = 10.7 G. Percent of plus #4, (plus 4.75 mm) = 51 H. Corrected Maximum Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Unit Mass (kg/m³) = I. Corrected Optimum Moisture = 5.2 J. Percent Dry Density (lbs/ft³), Dry Mass (kg/m³) (C E) x 100 or (C H) X 100 = 95.7 K. Percent Minimum Density Required = 95.0 Remarks: Direct Transmission at end of control strip. CC: District Materials Engineer By: Project File Title:

29 Thank You for Your Attention and Participation