Technological update on edible oil refining processes

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Technological update on edible oil refining processes"

Transcription

1 OFI TECHNICAL/SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE Tuesday 13 th May 2014 Istanbul Turkey Technological update on edible oil refining processes Vincent Fiers Desmet Ballestra Group

2 Edible Oil Refining : Where are we now? OILSEEDS Mechanical Pressing Solvent Extraction Oil Extraction Deoiled Meal Crude Oil Chemical Alkali Neutralisation Water degumming WDG Oil Soapstock Acid Gums Gums Physical Acid degumming LECITHIN Bleaching Spent bleaching earth Bleaching Deodorization Deodorizer Distillate Physical deacidification Deodorization Refined Oil 2

3 Current developments in edible oil refining Improved chemical refining * Implementation of nano reactor technology Enzymatic degumming * Efficient degumming and higher oil yield; * Missing link for physical refining of soft oils?; Bleaching * From single stage color removal to multi stage adsorptive purification Developments in deodorization * More efficient processes (less oil losses, better valorisation of side streams) * Milder deodorization (lower temperature lower pressure) : ice condensing

4 Chemical Refining Still most widely applied refining process * Independent of crude oil quality ( forgiving process) ; * Usually gives good refined oil quality ( effect of caustic ) ; * Most suitable process for stand alone refineries ; But, with its known drawbacks * High neutral oil losses in the soapstock (especially for higher FFA oils) ; * Difficult valorization of the acid oil ; * Difficult and expensive wastewater treatment (environmental issue) ; Interest remains for a next generation chemical refining

5 More efficient mixing More efficient Gums/FFA Removal & Less Soapstock Static Dynamic High Shear Ultra High Shear (single stage) (multi stage) Higher energy input but lower chemicals consumption How can we further improve efficiency?

6 Hydrodynamic Nano Reactors Unique internal geometry Generation of very small nano bubbles in liquid streams Liquids (homogeneous/heterogeneous) are fed to nano reactor with high pressure pump Mechanical and chemical effects Formation of very fine emulsions Increased surface area Extremely high shear forces Activation of atoms, molecules Disruption of molecular agglomerates Proprietary design of CTI A true reactor, not just a better mixer

7 Nano Neutralization *Patent pending process * Add on to existing neutralization line High Pressure feed pump Nano reactor assembly

8 Nano Neutralization 500 TPD Nano Neutralization of soybean oil Industrial data

9 Nano Neutralization: proven advantages % oil yield improvement 90% less phosphoric acid 30 % less caustic soda less washwater /silica Industrial plant : 500 TPD

10 Nano Neutralized vs conventional refined oil Comparison of industrial refined soybean oil samples Soybean Oil Quality Parameters FFA (% C18:1) P (ppm) Fe (ppm) Trans FA (%) Color (R 5 1/4 ) Tocopherols (ppm) OSI (hr at 97.8 C) Industrial Nano refined 0.02 <1 < Conventional Chemical refined 0.02 <1 < Nano neutralizat has no negative effect on refined oil quality

11 Other Potential Applications 1. Nano degumming of crude/wdg oils Deep degumming to allow physical refining 2. Nano degumming of palm oil Replacing the dry phosphoric acid degumming Also suitable in biodiesel feedstock pretreatment 3. Enzyme assisted nano degumming Still in testing phase 11

12 Developments in deodorization

13 Improved Deodorizer design Qualistock + High stripping efficiency Improved heat recovery Light fuel consumption Reduced losses and improved distillate quality Splash oil eliminated All major sections combined into single vessel

14 Deodorizer design High stripping efficiency High stripping efficiency in a deep bed deodorizer with special designed steam lift pumps

15 Deodorizer design Deodorising by by Gas Lift Lift Pump Steam Steam enters the gas lift pump through a central tube Steam rises up the tube drawing oil with it Oil is deflected downwards by the conical hat Steam rises carrying away impurities GAS LIFT PUMP IN ACTION

16 Deodorizer design Light fuel consumption (2.5 to 3.0 kg/t for continuous deodorizer) Virtually clog free large bore pipes High level of heat recovery Deodorized oil leaving tray to cooling section Cold bleached oil in Preheated oil out Deodorized oil entering tray from upper section

17 Deodorizer design Double Fatty Acids Condensation System Increases acidity of the fatty acid distillate Recovers valuable by products (tocopherol concentrates)

18 Dual condensation for tocopherol recovery Stripper/deodorizer with DOUBLE scrubber FFA (% C18:1) Tocopherols (ppm) FFA (% C18:1) Tocopherols (ppm) NB Oil CHEMICAL NBD Oil < DB Oil PHYSICAL DBD Oil < HOT DISTILLATE FFA (% C18:1) Tocopherols (%) Yield (kg/ton) COLD DISTILLATE FFA (% C18:1) Tocopherols (%) Yield (kg/ton)

19 Deodorized oil quality : effect of process variables Quality parameter Temperature Time Pressure Steam Taste Color (heat bleach) ++ + FFA stripping Trans fatty acid formation T o c o p h e r o l / s t e r o l stripping Contaminant removal 1 Legend : - : little or no effect, + : significant effect, ++ : large effect Contaminants : Pesticides, PAH, dioxins

20 Vacuum production in deodorization Conventional deodorizers commonly operate at a pressure of 3-4 mbar Empirical requirement for good deodorization: 8 m 3 sparge steam /kg oil ( C) Trend to go to lower pressures: 1.5 > 1 > 0.5 mbar 4 > 3 > 2 > 1.5 mbar eg. 240 C 3 mbar 10 kg/ton 780 m 3 /kg steam 2 mbar 6.7 kg/ton mbar 5 kg/ton mbar 3.3 kg/ton mbar 1.7 kg/ton 4680

21 Low deodorizing pressure Benefits Better stripping efficiency (at same deodorizing temperature) Same stripping efficiency (at lower deodorizing temperature) Lower deodorizing pressure may therefore result in: less unwanted degradation reactions; more neutral oil losses due to stripping of volatile monoglycerides Technology Closed loop systems with chilled water Dry Ice Condensing systems

22 Conventional vacuum systems Combination of steam jet ejectors (boosters), vapour condensers and mechanical (liquid ring) vacuum pump High motive steam consumption (60 85% of total steam)

23 Vacuum systems CONVENTIONAL DIRTY WATER VACUUM SYSTEM High steam consumption Odour problems High effluent emission

24 Vacuum systems CLOSED BAROMETRIC VACUUM SYSTEM Higher steam consumption Reduced odour problems Higher effluent emission

25 Vacuum systems CHILLED BAROMETRIC VACUUM SYSTEM Reduced steam consumption Reduced odour problems Reduced effluent emission Vacuum of 1 to 1.5 mbar in the deodorizer is possible

26 Vacuum systems ICE CONDENSING VACUUM SYSTEM Very Low steam consumption Much reduced odor problem Much reduced effluent emission Vacuum of 1 to 1.5 mbar in the deodorizer is possible

27 Vacuum systems ICE CONDENSING VACUUM SYSTEM Condensation of steam into ice on surface condensers Low pressure can be reached (< 2 mbar)

28 Why vertical? Sublimax Vertical tube Top view falling NH 3 film large tube diameter with large tube pitch falling film, constant temperature along entire tube low system refrigerant mass self draining, easy to de ice and clean no metal metal friction, free vertical motion long freezing cycles possible compact : small footprint peaks in cooling capacity are minimised by controlled cooling from high (for cleaning) to low operating temperatures low energy consumption due to high evaporation temperatures and falling film principle horizontal tube

29 Vertical design with falling film: Sublimax Ammonia vapors Less sensitive to fouling; Can take very dirty vapors ice condenser as partial and even total vapor condenser (steam & fattty matter) skipping condenser in deodorization saves mbar! Low pressure deodorization at < 1 mbar water Benefits: better stripping at lower temperature better usage of sparge steam (doubling of volume) ideal for heat sensitive oils Ammonia

30 Vacuum systems Energy consumption consumption in in continuous deodorizer Vacuum cost per year (500 tpd Euro)

31 Vacuum systems Energy consumption consumption in in continuous deodorizer Utility consumption vacuum production/ton oil

32 Investment and erection cost Euro Dirty cooling tower Clean cooling tower Chilled water Ice condenser Ice condenser is not cheap, but CAPEX is not key factor, OPEX is...

33 Investment Euro and erection cost Dirty cooling tower Clean cooling tower Chilled water Ice condenser saving 425 kus$/y High CAPEX, low OPEX, good ROI (< 3 years)

34 Conclusions New developments in edible oil refining are/were mainly improvements of well established unit operations. New technologies are only implemented if they improve the (cost ) efficiency of the process. Improved vacuum systems ( chilled water, ice condensing) allow better product quality (low trans, better retention of natural anti oxydants ) Oil quality (and also sustainability) becomes more important and may lead to new Refining processes/concepts Active R&D more than ever required in our industry: Science behind (new) technology

35 Thank you for your attention!!! Contact: Ir. Vincent Fiers Product Manager Refining Desmet Ballestra Group mail:

Review of Degumming and Refining Technologies. Andrew Logan Alfa Laval Copenhagen A/S

Review of Degumming and Refining Technologies. Andrew Logan Alfa Laval Copenhagen A/S Review of Degumming and Refining Technologies Andrew Logan Alfa Laval Copenhagen A/S Physical Refining Crude Oil Chemical Refining Water Degumming Gums drying Crude Lecithin Acid Gums To meal or feed lecithin

More information

b) Listing of feed materials

b) Listing of feed materials b) Listing of feed materials The main raw materials processed by the EU Proteinmeal and Oil Industry are rape seeds, soybeans, sunflower seeds, crude palm oil, crude palm kernel oil and crude coconut oil.

More information

EDIBLE OILS FATS AND REFINING BASIC TECHNICAL INFORMATION GIANAZZA. nternational

EDIBLE OILS FATS AND REFINING BASIC TECHNICAL INFORMATION GIANAZZA. nternational EDIBLE OILS AND FATS REFINING BASIC TECHNICAL INFORMATION GIANAZZA nternational INDEX INDEX EDIBLE OILS & FATS REFINING ALKALI REFINING COMBINED NEUTRALIZATION & DEWAXING BLEACHING DEODORIZING PHYSICAL

More information

Norit Activated Carbon for Purification of Edible Oils

Norit Activated Carbon for Purification of Edible Oils Infosheet Food Norit Activated Carbon for Purification of Edible Oils 1. Introduction Crude vegetable oils and marine oils can be polluted by carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) and/or

More information

The Single Absorption Scrubbing Sulfuric Acid Process

The Single Absorption Scrubbing Sulfuric Acid Process The Single Absorption Scrubbing Sulfuric Acid Process Leonard J. Friedman, Samantha J. Friedman Acid Engineering & Consulting, Inc. 17770 Deauville Lane, 33496, USA LJ.Friedman@Acideng.com Keywords: Sulfuric

More information

Sewage and Wastewater Odor Control Dr. Giancarlo Riva, Ozono Elettronica Internazionale, Muggio, Italy

Sewage and Wastewater Odor Control Dr. Giancarlo Riva, Ozono Elettronica Internazionale, Muggio, Italy Introduction Sewage and Wastewater Odor Control Dr. Giancarlo Riva, Ozono Elettronica Internazionale, Muggio, Italy Sewage and industrial plants located near residential areas can be subject to political

More information

Dehydration. Dehydration UNIT. operations. bioprocess plants

Dehydration. Dehydration UNIT. operations. bioprocess plants Dehydration Dehydration UNIT operations bioprocess plants VOGELBUSCH MOLECULAR SIEVE DEHYDRATION PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION PROCESS By merging specialized process know-how with existing technology Vogelbusch

More information

Multiple choice for fats and oils refining. Alfa Laval degumming and neutralization solutions

Multiple choice for fats and oils refining. Alfa Laval degumming and neutralization solutions Multiple choice for fats and oils refining Alfa Laval degumming and neutralization solutions Crude fats and oils always contain impurities that have to be removed and there is a growing focus on the environmental

More information

Moving beyond colour. Alfa Laval bleaching processes for fats and oils

Moving beyond colour. Alfa Laval bleaching processes for fats and oils Moving beyond colour Alfa Laval bleaching processes for fats and oils is one of the key processes in fats and oils refining, designed to remove not only pigments, but also a wide range of other impurities.

More information

5.2. Vaporizers - Types and Usage

5.2. Vaporizers - Types and Usage 5.2. Vaporizers - Types and Usage 5.2.1. General Vaporizers are constructed in numerous designs and operated in many modes. Depending upon the service application the design, construction, inspection,

More information

Chuck Neece Director Research and Development FUMPA BioFuels

Chuck Neece Director Research and Development FUMPA BioFuels Chuck Neece Director Research and Development FUMPA BioFuels What is Biodiesel? Just give me the Facts! Biodiesel is Not! Just filtered grease or oil in your tank This would not be chemically changed to

More information

Acetaldehyde Production by Ethanol Dehydrogenation

Acetaldehyde Production by Ethanol Dehydrogenation Acetaldehyde Production by Ethanol Dehydrogenation Background Acetaldehyde is a colorless liquid with a pungent, fruity odor. It is primarily used as a chemical intermediate, principally for the production

More information

www.klmtechgroup.com TABLE OF CONTENT

www.klmtechgroup.com TABLE OF CONTENT Page : 1 of 38 Project Engineering Standard www.klmtechgroup.com KLM Technology #03-12 Block Aronia, Jalan Sri Perkasa 2 Taman Tampoi Utama 81200 Johor Bahru Malaysia CAUSTIC AND CHEMICAL TABLE OF CONTENT

More information

Facility Operations Physical Safety Guidance Document

Facility Operations Physical Safety Guidance Document Facility Operations Physical Safety Guidance Document Title: Guide on Pipe Identification Standards (ASME A13.1-1996) Original Date: December 18, 2000 Section: 4.0 Facility Operations Revised Date: Number:

More information

Generating clean & sustainable energy

Generating clean & sustainable energy Generating clean & sustainable energy Biodiesel Technologies #048 Desmet Ballestra : The right partner Introduction Desmet Ballestra is an engineering group operating all over the world in the oils & fats

More information

Introduction on Glycerol as co-product from biodiesel plants

Introduction on Glycerol as co-product from biodiesel plants Introduction on Glycerol as co-product from biodiesel plants Dr. Ir. Wim De Greyt, R&D Manager Desmet Ballestra Group, Zaventem, Belgium 1 GENERAL OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION 1. GENERAL ASPECTS - Production,

More information

Water for Injection (WFI) and Pure Steam Production in a Lean Manufacturing Environment. Larry Zanko Project Manager STERIS Corporation

Water for Injection (WFI) and Pure Steam Production in a Lean Manufacturing Environment. Larry Zanko Project Manager STERIS Corporation Water for Injection (WFI) and Pure Steam Production in a Lean Manufacturing Environment Larry Zanko Project Manager STERIS Corporation Agenda Brief overview of multiple-effect water stills (MWS) Lean advancements

More information

Everest. Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology

Everest. Leaders in Vacuum Booster Technology This article has been compiled to understand the process of Solvent Recovery process generally carried out at low temperatures and vacuum. In many chemical processes solute is to be concentrated to high

More information

CHAPTER 7 THE DEHYDRATION AND SWEETENING OF NATURAL GAS

CHAPTER 7 THE DEHYDRATION AND SWEETENING OF NATURAL GAS CHAPTER 7 THE DEHYDRATION AND SWEETENING OF NATURAL GAS Natural gases either from natural production or storage reservoirs contain water, which condense and form solid gas hydrates to block pipeline flow

More information

GUIDELINES FOR LEACHATE CONTROL

GUIDELINES FOR LEACHATE CONTROL GUIDELINES FOR LEACHATE CONTROL The term leachate refers to liquids that migrate from the waste carrying dissolved or suspended contaminants. Leachate results from precipitation entering the landfill and

More information

TRIAL CHEMICAL CLEANING OF FOULED APH BASKETS

TRIAL CHEMICAL CLEANING OF FOULED APH BASKETS TRIAL CHEMICAL CLEANING OF FOULED APH BASKETS Dr. Abhay Kumar Sahay, AGM(CC OS) Bijay Manjul, AGM( Operation) Kahalgaon Boiler has three inputs Steam generator 1. WATER 2. COAL 3. AIR Burner Air preheater

More information

CHAPTER 7: REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER

CHAPTER 7: REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER CHAPTER 7: REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER There are a number of technologies that are being use to remediate contaminated groundwater. The choice of a certain remediation technology

More information

How To Make A High Co 2 Gas Blend

How To Make A High Co 2 Gas Blend ECONOMICAL OPTION FOR CO 2 / METHANE SEPARATION IN PRODUCED GAS CONTAINING A HIGH CO 2 FRACTION F. Patrick Ross, P.E. TPR Consulting 9907 Sagecourt Drive Houston, Texas 77089 (713) 870-9208 pat.ross@att.net

More information

Cooling Systems 2/18/2014. Cooling Water Systems. Jim Lukanich, CWT ChemCal, Inc. Grapevine, TX

Cooling Systems 2/18/2014. Cooling Water Systems. Jim Lukanich, CWT ChemCal, Inc. Grapevine, TX Cooling Systems Jim Lukanich, CWT ChemCal, Inc. Grapevine, TX Cooling Water Systems Water is used for cooling because of its capacity to remove and store heat and availability. Cooling water is used in

More information

AMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION

AMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION AMMONIA AND UREA PRODUCTION Urea (NH 2 CONH 2 ) is of great importance to the agriculture industry as a nitrogen-rich fertiliser. In Kapuni, Petrochem manufacture ammonia and then convert the majority

More information

20,000 Barrel Per Day Crude Oil Refinery

20,000 Barrel Per Day Crude Oil Refinery 20,000 Barrel Per Day Crude Oil Refinery (For Sale) AT THE EXCEPTIONAL PRICE OF $39,500,000.00 PRICE INCLUDES SHIPPING AND INSTALLATION Includes 2- TEN T B/D DISTILLILATION UNITS (SELLER NEEDS TO SELL

More information

ASimple Guide to Oil Refining

ASimple Guide to Oil Refining ASimple Guide to Oil Refining We all know that motor oil and gasoline come from crude oil. What many people do not realize is that crude oil is also the starting point for many diverse products such as

More information

CONTENTS. ZVU Engineering a.s., Member of ZVU Group, WASTE HEAT BOILERS Page 2

CONTENTS. ZVU Engineering a.s., Member of ZVU Group, WASTE HEAT BOILERS Page 2 WASTE HEAT BOILERS CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION... 3 2 CONCEPTION OF WASTE HEAT BOILERS... 4 2.1 Complex Solution...4 2.2 Kind of Heat Exchange...5 2.3 Heat Recovery Units and Their Usage...5 2.4 Materials

More information

SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES

SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES SIX REASONS TO DRY BIOGAS To A LOW DEWPOINT BEFORE COMBUSTION IN A CHP ENGINE STEVEN SCOTT MARKET DEVELOPMENT MANAGER ALTERNATIVE ENERGIES Filippo Turra Product Manager Cooling Technology INTRODUCTION

More information

Fact Sheet Technology. Bergius-Pier Process (1)

Fact Sheet Technology. Bergius-Pier Process (1) tec Energy Technology Projects Subject: Bergius 1: 1924 1945 Rev: April 2006 Fact Sheet Technology The information included in this document is property of. Use and reproduction of this document, without

More information

CHEM 2423 Recrystallization of Benzoic Acid EXPERIMENT 4 - Purification - Recrystallization of Benzoic acid

CHEM 2423 Recrystallization of Benzoic Acid EXPERIMENT 4 - Purification - Recrystallization of Benzoic acid EXPERIMENT 4 - Purification - Recrystallization of Benzoic acid Purpose: a) To purify samples of organic compounds that are solids at room temperature b) To dissociate the impure sample in the minimum

More information

RULE 1102. DRY CLEANERS USING SOLVENT OTHER THAN PERCHLOROETHYLENE

RULE 1102. DRY CLEANERS USING SOLVENT OTHER THAN PERCHLOROETHYLENE (Adopted January 6, 1978)(Amended August 3, 1979)(Amended July 11, 1980) (Amended August 3, 1990)(Amended December 7, 1990) (Amended November 17, 2000) RULE 1102. DRY CLEANERS USING SOLVENT OTHER THAN

More information

10% or 500,000 gallons/year of Crude Glycerine. Shutdown: 2009 B100 BioDiesel or Crude Glycerine Soybean Oil or Animal Tallow, Methanol

10% or 500,000 gallons/year of Crude Glycerine. Shutdown: 2009 B100 BioDiesel or Crude Glycerine Soybean Oil or Animal Tallow, Methanol IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE FROM IPP BioDiesel Plant 5 MM Gallons/Year Brief Overview Capacity: 5,000,000 gallons/year Byproduct: 10% or 500,000 gallons/year of Crude Glycerine Built: 2007 Shutdown: 2009 Product:

More information

A short Presentation of our Company

A short Presentation of our Company A short Presentation of our Company 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Introduction letter Oleochemicals / oils and fats processing Capabilities Typical examples P & ID, Layout, guide drawing reboiler / stripping coloumn

More information

ARP Food Industry, Portugal

ARP Food Industry, Portugal Food Industry, Portugal In a Portuguese food company colibri will install a twostage ammonia-water-absorption refrigeration system. The 1st refrigeration stage provides the customer with liquid ammonia

More information

SECOND GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES

SECOND GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES SECOND GRADE 1 WEEK LESSON PLANS AND ACTIVITIES WATER CYCLE OVERVIEW OF SECOND GRADE WATER WEEK 1. PRE: Exploring the properties of water. LAB: Experimenting with different soap mixtures. POST: Analyzing

More information

EMERGENCY VAPOR SCRUBBER SYSTEMS

EMERGENCY VAPOR SCRUBBER SYSTEMS EMERGENCY VAPOR SCRUBBER SYSTEMS Toxic gases such as chlorine, sulfur dioxide and ammonia are commonly used for water and wastewater treatment, and in many industrial fabrication processes. The Uniform

More information

IBP 2778_10 HIGH EFFICIENCY ON CO2 REMOVAL IN NATURAL GAS WITH UCARSOL SOLVENTS Thiago V. Alonso 1. Abstract. 1. Introduction

IBP 2778_10 HIGH EFFICIENCY ON CO2 REMOVAL IN NATURAL GAS WITH UCARSOL SOLVENTS Thiago V. Alonso 1. Abstract. 1. Introduction IBP 2778_10 HIGH EFFICIENCY ON CO2 REMOVAL IN NATURAL GAS WITH UCARSOL SOLVENTS Thiago V. Alonso 1 Copyright 2010, Brazilian Petroleum, Gas and Biofuels Institute - IBP This Technical Paper was prepared

More information

steam vacuum refrigeration old concept / modern application

steam vacuum refrigeration old concept / modern application steam vacuum refrigeration old concept / modern application The exact year in which the first steam vacuum refrigeration experiment was made is not known. But we do know that it was tried out some time

More information

SULFUR RECOVERY UNIT. Thermal Oxidizer

SULFUR RECOVERY UNIT. Thermal Oxidizer SULFUR RECOVERY UNIT Thermal Oxidizer BURNERS FLARES INCINERATORS PARTS & SERVICE SULFUR RECOVERY UNIT Thermal Oxidizer Tail Gas Thermal Oxidizer designed and built to GOST-R requirements. Zeeco can meet

More information

Sustained growth in the demand

Sustained growth in the demand Minimise corrosion while maximising distillate Reducing atmospheric fractionator overhead temperatures to maximise middle distillate production requires a full understanding of resulting corrosion mechanisms

More information

Putting a chill on global warming

Putting a chill on global warming Carbon capture and storage Putting a chill on global warming SABINE SULZER SULZER PUMPS MARKUS DUSS SULZER CHEMTECH Whenever fuel is burned, carbon dioxide (CO ) is emitted into the atmosphere. The subsequent

More information

OIL FROM FISH PROCESSING BYPRODUCTS AND UNDERUTILIZED FISH AS A VIABLE RENEWABLE RESOURCE FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION. Subramaniam Sathivel

OIL FROM FISH PROCESSING BYPRODUCTS AND UNDERUTILIZED FISH AS A VIABLE RENEWABLE RESOURCE FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION. Subramaniam Sathivel OIL FROM FISH PROCESSING BYPRODUCTS AND UNDERUTILIZED FISH AS A VIABLE RENEWABLE RESOURCE FOR BIODIESEL PRODUCTION Subramaniam Sathivel Fishery Industrial Technology Center University of Alaska Fairbanks

More information

Last update: January 2009 Doc.: 08A05203_e

Last update: January 2009 Doc.: 08A05203_e Last update: January 2009 Doc.: 08A05203_e Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) modules ORC is a commercial technology for distributed production of combined heat and power from various energy sources. TURBODEN

More information

How To Make A Mine Guard Fosil Process

How To Make A Mine Guard Fosil Process UOP Amine Guard TM FS Technology for Acid Gas Removal 2009 UOP LLC. All rights reserved. UOP 5241B-01 Agenda Overview of the Amine Guard FS process UCARSOL TM Solvent characteristics Amine Guard FS flow

More information

12 November 2008 *** I:\CIRC\MEPC\01\642.DOC INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 4 ALBERT EMBANKMENT LONDON SE1 7SR

12 November 2008 *** I:\CIRC\MEPC\01\642.DOC INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 4 ALBERT EMBANKMENT LONDON SE1 7SR INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION 4 ALBERT EMBANKMENT LONDON SE1 7SR Telephone: 020 7735 7611 Fax: 020 7587 3210 IMO E Ref. T5/1.01 MEPC.1/Circ.642 12 November 2008 2008 REVISED GUIDELINES FOR SYSTEMS

More information

Sulfur Tail Gas Thermal Oxidizer Systems By Peter Pickard

Sulfur Tail Gas Thermal Oxidizer Systems By Peter Pickard Sulfur Tail Gas Thermal Oxidizer Systems By Peter Pickard Introduction SRU s (Sulfur Recovery Units) are critical pieces of equipment in refineries and gas plants. SRUs remove sulfur compounds from certain

More information

Chapter 2, Lesson 5: Changing State Melting

Chapter 2, Lesson 5: Changing State Melting Chapter 2, Lesson 5: Changing State Melting Key Concepts Melting is a process that causes a substance to change from a solid to a liquid. Melting occurs when the molecules of a solid speed up enough that

More information

Overview. Introduction Cooling Tower Basics Principles of Operation Types of Cooling Towers Common Applications Design Considerations

Overview. Introduction Cooling Tower Basics Principles of Operation Types of Cooling Towers Common Applications Design Considerations Stephen Lowe ASHRAE Hampton Roads Chapter Past President AECOM Design Mechanical Engineering Discipline Manager, Virginia Beach Division Professional Engineer Commonwealth of Virginia, NCEES BSME University

More information

Heat Recovery from Data Centres Conference Designing Energy Efficient Data Centres

Heat Recovery from Data Centres Conference Designing Energy Efficient Data Centres What factors determine the energy efficiency of a data centre? Where is the energy used? Local Climate Data Hall Temperatures Chiller / DX Energy Condenser / Dry Cooler / Cooling Tower Energy Pump Energy

More information

Cooking at the Speed of light!

Cooking at the Speed of light! Cooking at the Infrared Cooking & Colouring Infrabaker is a modular infrared continuous cooking system developed by Infrabaker International. The machine is designed to cook and/or put colour on a wide

More information

5 Answers and Solutions to Text Problems

5 Answers and Solutions to Text Problems Energy and States of Matter 5 Answers and Solutions to Text Problems 5.1 At the top of the hill, all of the energy of the car is in the form of potential energy. As it descends down the hill, potential

More information

1. The Kinetic Theory of Matter states that all matter is composed of atoms and molecules that are in a constant state of constant random motion

1. The Kinetic Theory of Matter states that all matter is composed of atoms and molecules that are in a constant state of constant random motion Physical Science Period: Name: ANSWER KEY Date: Practice Test for Unit 3: Ch. 3, and some of 15 and 16: Kinetic Theory of Matter, States of matter, and and thermodynamics, and gas laws. 1. The Kinetic

More information

Isolation of Caffeine from Tea

Isolation of Caffeine from Tea Isolation of Caffeine from Tea Introduction A number of interesting, biologically active compounds have been isolated from plants. Isolating some of these natural products, as they are called, can require

More information

Information Technology Solutions

Information Technology Solutions S AV E S M O N E Y Can reduce water consumption and waste disposal costs. Wastewater treatment with Vacuum Evaporation Systems Water treatment made easy! E NV IR O N ME NT F R IE N DLY Recycle water and

More information

Vacuum and Compressor Systems for the Chemical Process Industry

Vacuum and Compressor Systems for the Chemical Process Industry Vacuum and Compressor Systems for the Chemical Process Industry Vacuum Pumps & Compressors Proven technology built from experience Gardner Denver Nash has been serving process industries such as petroleum,

More information

Production of R-134a

Production of R-134a Production of R-134a Background In the 1930 s, chlorofluorocarbons (CFC s) were developed as a supposedly safe alternative to ammonia and sulfur dioxide refrigerants. While sulfur dioxide is toxic and

More information

steinecker Stromboli wort boiling system Perfect in every brewing process

steinecker Stromboli wort boiling system Perfect in every brewing process wort boiling system Perfect in every brewing process Perfect for wort quality and saving resources Wort boiling is a fundamental step in the production of premium-quality beer. A stable head on the beer

More information

Algae Harvesting, Dewatering and Extraction

Algae Harvesting, Dewatering and Extraction Algae Harvesting, Dewatering and Extraction Safe Harbor Statement Matters discussed in this presentation contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform

More information

FLEXICOKING technology for upgrading heavy oil and utilization of by-products

FLEXICOKING technology for upgrading heavy oil and utilization of by-products FLEXICOKING technology for upgrading heavy oil and utilization of by-products 2007 Japan-China-Korea Petroleum Technology Seminar Tokyo Dec 3-5, 2007 Toa Oil Co.Ltd Kenya Takahashi Background Driver -

More information

ENERGY SAVING WORT BOILING SISTEM IN BREWING FACTORY

ENERGY SAVING WORT BOILING SISTEM IN BREWING FACTORY ENERGY SAVING WORT BOILING SISTEM IN BREWING FACTORY Mariana Geta TOMESCU (cas. Cismarescu) *, Carol CSATLOS** * Faculty of Food and Tourism, Transilvania University of Braşov, Braşov, Romania ** Faculty

More information

Vogt Power Emission Control Solutions

Vogt Power Emission Control Solutions ONE SOURCE ONE PURPOSE MANY SOLUTIONS Vogt Power Emission Control Solutions Kelly Flannery Kristen Cooper Andrew Heid Chief Thermal Engineer Simple Cycle Design Lead Emission Catalyst Design Lead Presented

More information

8. Heat pumps, heat pipes, cold thermal energy storage

8. Heat pumps, heat pipes, cold thermal energy storage Kylteknik ( KYL ) Refrigeration course # 424503.0 v. 2014 8. Heat pumps, heat pipes, cold thermal energy storage Ron Zevenhoven Åbo Akademi University Thermal and Flow Engineering Laboratory / Värme- och

More information

In this experiment, we will use three properties to identify a liquid substance: solubility, density and boiling point..

In this experiment, we will use three properties to identify a liquid substance: solubility, density and boiling point.. Identification of a Substance by Physical Properties 2009 by David A. Katz. All rights reserved. Permission for academic use provided the original copyright is included Every substance has a unique set

More information

INCINERATION PLANTS. Hazardous waste incineration Wastewater incineration Sewage sludge incineration. A Bayer and LANXESS company

INCINERATION PLANTS. Hazardous waste incineration Wastewater incineration Sewage sludge incineration. A Bayer and LANXESS company INCINERATION PLANTS Hazardous waste incineration Wastewater incineration Sewage sludge incineration A Bayer and LANXESS company HAZARDOUS WASTE INCINERATION Introduction INTRODUCTION The thermal treatment

More information

METHYL ESTER SULFONATES (MES) AN ALTERNATE SURFACTANT FROM RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES

METHYL ESTER SULFONATES (MES) AN ALTERNATE SURFACTANT FROM RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES METHYL ESTER SULFONATES (MES) AN ALTERNATE SURFACTANT FROM RENEWABLE NATURAL RESOURCES S. N. TRIVEDI CHEMITHON ENGINEERS Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai DEC. 20, 2005 Methyl Ester Sulfonates (MES) from palm and coconut

More information

Haldor Topsøe Catalysing Your Business

Haldor Topsøe Catalysing Your Business Haldor Topsøe Catalysing Your Business Haldor Topsøe A/S Established: 1940 Ownership: Haldor Topsøe Holding A/S (100%) Annual turnover: ~ 700 MM EUR Number of employees: ~ 2,050 Offices worldwide Copenhagen

More information

Refinery Equipment of Texas. Mini - Refinery Feasibility Overview

Refinery Equipment of Texas. Mini - Refinery Feasibility Overview Mini - Refinery Feasibility Overview Introduction This paper is intended to provide information, answer questions, and assist the owner or project developer in making informed buying decisions. A mini-refinery

More information

R407C GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF. DATE: August 2009 REFERENCE DOCUMENT NO. RD-0005-E GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF R407C

R407C GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF. DATE: August 2009 REFERENCE DOCUMENT NO. RD-0005-E GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF R407C GUIDELINES FOR UTILIZATION OF R407C 2009 Tecumseh Products Company. All rights reserved. Page 1 of 6 After many years of testing and investigation, R407C is recognized as a suitable alternative refrigerant

More information

Boiler Calculations. Helsinki University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering. Sebastian Teir, Antto Kulla

Boiler Calculations. Helsinki University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering. Sebastian Teir, Antto Kulla Helsinki University of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Energy Engineering and Environmental Protection Publications Steam Boiler Technology ebook Espoo 2002 Boiler Calculations Sebastian

More information

HOW TO SELECT A LOW VOLUME (L.V ) BOILER

HOW TO SELECT A LOW VOLUME (L.V ) BOILER HOW TO SELECT A LOW VOLUME (L.V ) BOILER FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS ON BOILERS Dear Potential Customer: Low Volume Operator Exempt boilers have been marketed in Ontario to eliminate the requirement

More information

WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM (OPERATING MANUALS )

WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM (OPERATING MANUALS ) Page 1 of 76 1.0 PURPOSE The purpose of the Wastewater Treatment System is to remove contaminates from plant wastewater so that it may be sent to the Final Plant Effluent Tank and eventually discharged

More information

Reuse of Alternative Water Sources for Cooling Tower Systems Two Case Studies Using Non-Traditional Water Sources

Reuse of Alternative Water Sources for Cooling Tower Systems Two Case Studies Using Non-Traditional Water Sources Reuse of Alternative Water Sources for Cooling Tower Systems Two Case Studies Using Non-Traditional Water Sources Matthew L. Haikalis Veolia Water Solutions & Technologies April 24, 2013 Operational Priorities

More information

experiment5 Understanding and applying the concept of limiting reagents. Learning how to perform a vacuum filtration.

experiment5 Understanding and applying the concept of limiting reagents. Learning how to perform a vacuum filtration. 81 experiment5 LECTURE AND LAB SKILLS EMPHASIZED Synthesizing an organic substance. Understanding and applying the concept of limiting reagents. Determining percent yield. Learning how to perform a vacuum

More information

LEAN LNG PLANTS HEAVY ENDS REMOVAL AND OPTIMUM RECOVERY OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS FOR REFRIGERANT MAKE-UP

LEAN LNG PLANTS HEAVY ENDS REMOVAL AND OPTIMUM RECOVERY OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS FOR REFRIGERANT MAKE-UP LEAN LNG PLANTS HEAVY ENDS REMOVAL AND OPTIMUM RECOVERY OF LIGHT HYDROCARBONS FOR REFRIGERANT MAKE-UP Laurent Brussol Dominique Gadelle Arnaud Valade Process & Technologies Division Technip Paris La Défense

More information

HEAT RECOVERY OPTIONS FOR DRYERS AND OXIDIZERS

HEAT RECOVERY OPTIONS FOR DRYERS AND OXIDIZERS HEAT RECOVERY OPTIONS FOR DRYERS AND OXIDIZERS William K. Scullion, Application Engineering Leader, MEGTEC Systems, De Pere, WI Introduction Competitive pressures continuously motivate us to examine our

More information

BorsodChem MCHZ, Czech Republic. 6,000 Nm 3 /h HTCR Topsøe Hydrogen Plant A Case Story: 18 Months from Engineering to Operation

BorsodChem MCHZ, Czech Republic. 6,000 Nm 3 /h HTCR Topsøe Hydrogen Plant A Case Story: 18 Months from Engineering to Operation 6,000 Nm 3 /h HTCR Topsøe Hydrogen Plant 2 1. Introduction... 3 2. The BorsodChem MCHZ Company... 3 3. HTCR Process and Reformer Principle...4 4. Engineering of the BorsodChem MCHZ HTCR Plant... 6 5. Workshop

More information

Chapter 3: Water and Life

Chapter 3: Water and Life Name Period Chapter 3: Water and Life Concept 3.1 Polar covalent bonds in water result in hydrogen bonding 1. Study the water molecules at the right. On the central molecule, label oxygen (O) and hydrogen

More information

Kompressoren. Oil Water Separators OWS

Kompressoren. Oil Water Separators OWS Kompressoren Oil Water Separators OWS Removal Of Contaminants in Compressed Air Condensate. Atmospheric air contains large amounts of water vapour and dust particles. These contaminants are mixed with

More information

The. Brendan P. Sheehan, Honeywell Process Solutions, USA, and Xin Zhu, UOP, a Honeywell Company, USA, explore energy optimisation in plant processes.

The. Brendan P. Sheehan, Honeywell Process Solutions, USA, and Xin Zhu, UOP, a Honeywell Company, USA, explore energy optimisation in plant processes. The Brendan P. Sheehan, Honeywell Process Solutions, USA, and Xin Zhu, UOP, a Honeywell Company, USA, explore energy optimisation in plant processes. The global trends and challenges driving the need for

More information

Design Guidelines for Chemical Treatments in Distillation Columns

Design Guidelines for Chemical Treatments in Distillation Columns Design Guidelines for Chemical Treatments in Distillation Columns Karl Kolmetz KLM Technology Group Johor Bahru, Malaysia Dr. Wai Kiong Ng Institute of Chemical and Engineering Sciences Singapore, Singapore

More information

ORGANIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES 10 10.1. NEVER distill the distillation flask to dryness as there is a risk of explosion and fire.

ORGANIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES 10 10.1. NEVER distill the distillation flask to dryness as there is a risk of explosion and fire. ORGANIC LABORATORY TECHNIQUES 10 10.1 DISTILLATION NEVER distill the distillation flask to dryness as there is a risk of explosion and fire. The most common methods of distillation are simple distillation

More information

The design of fermenter

The design of fermenter The design of fermenter 1. Introduction 2. Standard geometry of a stirred tank bioreactor 3. Headspace volume 4. Basic features of a stirred tank bioreactor 4.1. Agitation system 4.1.1 Top entry and bottom

More information

Nine Industrial Scale V SEPs. Feed Tank V SEP. Feed Pumps (Three) Concentrate. Tank. V SEP Treatment System

Nine Industrial Scale V SEPs. Feed Tank V SEP. Feed Pumps (Three) Concentrate. Tank. V SEP Treatment System River Treatment for Ultrapure Production A cost-effective and environmentally-sound solution Abstract New Logic International installed its Vibratory Shear Enhanced Processing (VSEP) Phase I system in

More information

THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY FROM WOOD AND OTHER SOLID BIOMASS

THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY FROM WOOD AND OTHER SOLID BIOMASS THE PRODUCTION OF ELECTRICITY FROM WOOD AND OTHER SOLID BIOMASS RTP TM /ADVANCED CYCLE VS. COMBUSTION STEAM CYCLES OR WHY NOT SIMPLY COMBUST? For decades, the only commercial option available for the production

More information

Introduction to Process Engineering Economics. based on size of major equipment items allow to decide whether to invest in a detailed study

Introduction to Process Engineering Economics. based on size of major equipment items allow to decide whether to invest in a detailed study Reliability of estimates Accuracy versus cost Cost structure for building a new plant Typical plant cost evaluation methods Lang's factors Happel's method Chauvel-Guthrie's method Examples and applications

More information

Some Criteria for Choosing a Steam Boiler for a Microbrewery

Some Criteria for Choosing a Steam Boiler for a Microbrewery Some Criteria for Choosing a Steam Boiler for a Microbrewery Jack Coe Rite Engineering and Manufacturing Corporation Breweries rely on steam heating for a number of functions, primarily to heat the brew

More information

Automotive Base Oil Presentation

Automotive Base Oil Presentation Automotive Base Oil Presentation What is a Base Oil? The refined petroleum mineral or synthetic material that is produced by a refinery to a required set of specifications. A lubricant s quality can depend

More information

Improving Energy Efficiency through Biomass Drying

Improving Energy Efficiency through Biomass Drying Improving Energy Efficiency through Biomass Drying Gilbert McCoy, Senior Energy Systems Engineer Northwest CHP Technical Assistance Partnership International District Energy Association Woody Biomass CHP

More information

WET AIR OXIDATION OF ETHYLENE PLANT SPENT CAUSTIC

WET AIR OXIDATION OF ETHYLENE PLANT SPENT CAUSTIC Session No. 25, Paper No. 25C WET AIR OXIDATION OF ETHYLENE PLANT SPENT CAUSTIC by Claude E. Ellis Director of Wet Air Oxidation Marketing Robert J. Lawson Director of Industrial Sales and Bruce L. Brandenburg

More information

Eco- and water efficiency development prospects in Pulp-Board integrate.

Eco- and water efficiency development prospects in Pulp-Board integrate. Eco- and water efficiency development prospects in Jari Räsänen, StoraEnso Oyj March 22, 2013 1 Some remarks as considering water: Water covers 70.9% of the Earth's surface, and is vital for all known

More information

Selecting TEMA Type Heat Exchangers

Selecting TEMA Type Heat Exchangers Selecting TEMA Type Heat Exchangers TEMA is a set of standards developed by leading heat exchanger manufacturers that defines the heat exchanger style and the machining and assembly tolerances to be employed

More information

CONTAMINANT REMOVAL FROM CENTRIFUGAL SYSTEMS

CONTAMINANT REMOVAL FROM CENTRIFUGAL SYSTEMS CONTAMINANT REMOVAL FROM CENTRIFUGAL SYSTEMS BULLETIN 240-10-3 June 2004 Supersedes June 1983 Many centrifugal systems get little maintenance. As a result they operate with the refrigerant highly contaminated

More information

Orange Fruit Processing

Orange Fruit Processing Orange Fruit Processing Luis Cisneros-Zevallos, Ph.D. Department of Horticultural Sciences Texas A&M University Commercially Important Orange Varieties Valencia - most widely grown, late maturing, good

More information

Mercedes-Benz Biodiesel Brochure

Mercedes-Benz Biodiesel Brochure Mercedes-Benz Biodiesel Brochure Contents Definitions of Bio-Based Diesel Fuel Main Quality Characteristics of Straight Biodiesel Risks from the use of Diesel Fuel Containing Biodiesel Impacts of Biodiesel

More information

Thermal Coupling Of Cooling and Heating Systems

Thermal Coupling Of Cooling and Heating Systems This article was published in ASHRAE Journal, February 2011. Copyright 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. Posted at www.ashrae.org. This article may not

More information

Factsheet & Process Description Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) Vopak Terminal Amsterdam Westpoort

Factsheet & Process Description Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) Vopak Terminal Amsterdam Westpoort Factsheet & Process Description Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer (RTO) Vopak Terminal Amsterdam Westpoort Authors Bart Muijtjens SHEQ Advisor Jeroen Broere Terminal Manager Martijn de Gier Project Manager

More information

Torino Nord. Cogeneration Plant. The gas turbine. The steam generator. The Torino Nord cogeneration plant produces electricity and heat for district

Torino Nord. Cogeneration Plant. The gas turbine. The steam generator. The Torino Nord cogeneration plant produces electricity and heat for district PLANT TORINO NORD Iren Energia is the company in the Iren Group whose core businesses are the production and distribution of electricity, the production and distribution of thermal energy for district

More information

12:10 Lysotherm : 5 jaar ervaring met innovatieve slibhydrolyse. Bert Geraats (Eliquo)

12:10 Lysotherm : 5 jaar ervaring met innovatieve slibhydrolyse. Bert Geraats (Eliquo) LYSOTHERM A novel approach to thermal sludge hydrolysis 01.07.2015 ELIQUO WATER GROUP FACTS AND FIGURES STAFF HISTORY FIGURES >200 employees Engineers Technicians Sales, commercial staff 1986 ELIQUO WATER

More information

Yu. F. Vasyuchkov*, M. Yu. Bykova* NEW TECHNOLOGY OF GAS EXTRACTION ON THE BASE OF A COAL TO A HYDROGEN TRANSFER

Yu. F. Vasyuchkov*, M. Yu. Bykova* NEW TECHNOLOGY OF GAS EXTRACTION ON THE BASE OF A COAL TO A HYDROGEN TRANSFER WIERTNICTWO NAFTA GAZ TOM 28 ZESZYT 1 2 2011 Yu. F. Vasyuchkov*, M. Yu. Bykova* NEW TECHNOLOGY OF GAS EXTRACTION ON THE BASE OF A COAL TO A HYDROGEN TRANSFER In modern period the useful extraction of energy

More information