Crane Rigging Exercise

Transcription

1 Eastern District Online Training Crane Rigging Exercise Unit 4 a) On The Spot Lift Plan b) Corporate Crane Safety Policy c) Crane Rigging Exercise

2 The Rigging Triangle

3 Rigging the Load Company policies Knowing the load Type of hitch needed Rigging selection Inspection of rigging

4 Company Policies Only domestic rigging. No chain rigging used on our cranes. Only special maintenance operations and crane assembly. Job built devices must be engineered and stamped by a PE, built by a qualified fabricator and load tested to 125% of intended capacity.

5 Company Policies WIRE ROPE SLINGS Improved plow steel (IPS) independent wire rope core (IWRC). Only FLEMISH EYE, steel swage slings will be purchased and used. Tagged with capacities

6 Making A Flemish Eye:

7 Making A Flemish Eye:

8 Making A Flemish Eye:

9 Making A Flemish Eye:

10 Company Policies Follow all manufacturer guidelines and procedures for safe rigging. Never exceed the Safe WORKING LOAD LIMIT (WLL) of any lifting device. Never field alter rigging hardware or any lifting device for any reason. Deficient rigging is to be removed from service and destroyed.

11 Knowing the Load Weight of load Physical size of load Center of gravity (under hook) Attachment points (support load, above COG) Hitch needed to safely lift load

12 Basic Rigging Hitches Straight Choke Basket

13 Types of Hitches Straight

14 Types of Hitches Choke

15 Choke Angle of Choke in Degrees Rated Capacity Percent Over

16 Types of Hitches Basket

17 Basket Capacity % of Angle Single Leg 90º 200% 60º 170% 45º 140% 30º 100% 1'' 20''

18 Share Of The Load If Center Of Gravity is evenly spaced between the pick points, each sling will support ½ of the load when the slings are in the true vertical position. Center Of Gravity In this example each sling will see 2 ½ tons or 5,000# of load or tension 5 Tons

19 Sling Angles Sling tension is multiplied when slings are gathered and an angle is formed. This angle is referred to as the Horizontal Sling Angle The tension induced into the slings must be considered the same as load when sizing slings and hardware. Horizontal Sling Angle

20 Sling Angles Sling tension can be calculated as follows: 5,000 lbs 5,000 lbs In this example, each sling supports ½ of the load or 5,000 lbs in the true vertical position. When the sling angle is changed, a load factor is applied to account for tension induced into each sling due to mechanical force. 5 ton

21 Load Angle Factor Load factor is calculated as follows L/H =Load Factor L = 12 H= / 125 = L H

22 Load Angle Factor Load factor:measure at midpoint if necessary. L/H =Load Factor L = 6 H= / 62 = L H

23 Sling Angles L H L/H =Load Factor L = 144 H= / 125 = Angle near 60 Sling Load Angle Angle Factor 90º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º

24 Sling Angles 60º provides excellent load control with minimal mechanical force applied to slings. Use caution over 60º as the load can become unstable with multiple slings depending on load and hitch. Most Desirable Angles Use Caution With These Angles Avoid These Angles Rigging to angles less than 30 is not recommended. Sling Load Angle Angle Factor 90º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º º

25 Included Angle All triangles have 180 Included Angle The reason that you can t rig below a 30 angle is that there is no hardware designed to take it.

26 Hardware

27 60º Sling Angle produces an equilateral triangle. A quick field check is simply lay one leg down and if it reaches the other lifting lug, the angle is 60 or better.

28 Calculating Tension TENSION is same as load Step One: Determine Weight of load Load weight=10,000# 10,000#

29 Calculating Tension TENSION is same as load Step One: Determine Weight of load Load weight=10,000# Step Two: Determine Share Of Load Each sling sees ½ of the load or 5,000# 48 48

30 Calculating Tension TENSION is same as load Step One: Determine Weight of load Load weight=10,000# Step Two: Determine Share Of Load Each sling sees ½ of the load or 5,000# Step Three: Determine Load Angle Factor 96 /83 =1.156 What is the TENSION

31 Calculating Tension TENSION is same as load Step One: Determine Weight of load Load weight=10,000# Step Two: Determine Share Of Load Each sling sees ½ of the load or 5,000# Step Three: Determine Load Angle Factor Load Angle Factor Step Four: Multiply Share Of Load By Load Angle Factor 60º x 5,000 5,780#

32 WHEN THE HORIZONTAL SLING ANGLE IS DECREASED, THE LOAD SEES INCREASED CRUSH FROM SLING TENSION 10 11,000# CRUSHING LOAD = VERTICAL LOAD x D/H 5,500# x 104 /60 = 9,533# CRUSH SECTION III, PAGE 8

33 Charlie Rigging Card

34 Charlie Rigging Card RIGGING HARDWARE CAPACITIES FORGED STEEL 5 Shldr Eye Bolt Eye Nut Turnbuckles Shackles Wire Rope Clips Size in 5:1 5:1 5:1 6:1 6:1 Min # Turnback Torque Size in inches Vertical 45 Deg. Vertical Hook Eye/Jaw Crosby C/M Clips in Inches in ft. lbs. inches 1/ ,000 1, /4 5/ ,000 1,500 2, /16 3/8 1, ,250 1,000 1,200 2,000 3, /8 7/ , ,000 4, /16 1/2 2, ,250 1,500 2,200 4,000 6, /2 9/ /16 5/8 3, ,600 2,250 3,500 6,500 9, /8 3/4 5,200 1,300 5,200 3,000 5,200 9,500 13, /4 7/8 7,200 1,800 7,200 4,000 7,200 13,000 17, /8 1 10,000 2,500 10,000 5,000 10,000 17,000 20, / , ,000 24, /8 1-1/4 15,200 3,800 15,500 5,000 15,200 24,000 28, /4

35 Charlie Rigging Card

36 Sling Angles Load Angle Factor Share of Load In Each Sling Load Per Sling Sling Size Shackle Size 5,000# 5,775# 5/8 3/4 Never use a D to d ratio of 1:1 or less. Always use at least one size larger shackle than wire rope size.

37 D to d IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT IN RUNNING ROPES ON A CRANE. THE LARGER THE SHEAVES, THE LESS BENDING FATIGUE IN THE ROPE. SAME AS BENDING A PAPER CLIP D to d

38 Sling Angles Load Angle Factor 2 Share of Load In Each Sling Load Per Sling Sling Size Shackle Size 5,000# 10,000# 7/8 1

39 Sling Angles Load Angle Factor Share Of Load In Slings A 6,000# B A C Load Per Sling Sling Size Shackle Size A B A B A B C 8,484# 5,000# 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 7/8

40 Center Of Gravity Load Angle Factor A Load Angle Factor B Share Of Load Sling A Share Of Load Sling B Load Sling A Load Sling B A 5 tons B Sling A Size Sling B Size Shackle A Size Shackle B Size

41 Sling Tension LF 2 60/120 A B 60/72 LF tons Share of Load = or 72% or 28 % ,000 X.72 = 7200# 10,000 X.28 = 2800# Which sling is which?

42 Center Of Gravity Load Angle Factor A Load Angle Factor B Share Of Load Sling A Share Of Load Sling B 2,800# 7,200# Load Sling A Load Sling B 5,600# 8,640# A B Sling A Size Sling B Size 5/8 3/4 5 tons Shackle A Size Shackle B Size 3/4 7/8

43 L2 L1 H1 1. What length of sling is needed to produce a 60º sling angle? 2. At 60º what is the tension in the slings? 8,700# 3. What is the rigging height? 4. To keep rigging height under 6, what is the max sling length? 5. What is the sling angle? 35º 6. What is the tension in each sling? 13,050# /8 124 The weight of the object above is 15,000#. The lifting lugs are 17 apart. Answer the following. Sling Angle (deg) SLING LENGTHS AND LOADINGS Sling Length (L2) Rigging Height (H1) Tension in Each Sling (T) 30 =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * =L1 * =L1 * =W * 0.51

44 Multi Leg Slings When all legs of the sling will be equally spaced around the center of gravity, the sling sizes should be based on only two legs as the load can teeter from corner to corner thus loading only two slings.

45 INSPECTION

46 INSPECTION Wire Rope Construction Wires Strands Core

47 ROPE LAY : the distance it takes a strand to fully spiral around the rope. STRAND Rule of Thumb: 6 to 7 times the rope diameter

48 SLING Replacement Criteria 10 RANDOMLY DISTRIBUTED broken wires in 1 rope lay 5 broken wire in 1 rope strand in 1 rope lay ANSI B30.9

49 INSPECTION INSPECTION OF SYNTHETIC SLINGS PER ANSI B30.9 ALL SLINGS AND ATTACHMENTS SHALL BE VISUALLY INSPECTED BY THE PERSON HANDLING THE SLING EACH DAY THEY ARE USED. IN ADDITION, A PERIODIC INSPECTION SHALL BE PERFORMED BY A DESIGNATES PERSON, AT LEAST ANNUALLY, AND SHALL INCLUDE A RECORD OF THE INSPECTION. ACID OR CAUSTIC BURNS MELTING OR CHARRING HOLES, CUTS TEARS, SNAGS INSPECTION CRITERIA BROKEN STITCHES WORN STITCHES EXCESSIVE ABRASION KNOTS ROUND SLING NOTES REMOVE FROM SERVICE ROUND SLINGS THAT HAVE CORE FIBER EXPOSED BY HOLES, TEARS, CUTS, EMBEDDED PEATICLES, WEAR OR SNAGS. REMOVE FROM SERVICE ROUND SLINGS THAT HAVE MELTING, CHARRING OR WELD SPLATTER ON ANY PART OF SLING IDENTIFICATION WEB SLINGS AND ROUND SLINGS SHALL BE PERMANENTLY MARKED INDICATION: MANUFACTURER S TRADEMARK AND CODE (OR STOCK NUMBER), RATED LOADS FOR THE THREE HITCHES AND MATERIAL

50 Now that you have completed reviewing the training materials click on the link below for a short quiz.