Rigging & Sling Failures:

Transcription

1 Rigging & Sling Failures: Case Studies & Solutions Host: Mike Parnell President/CEO, ITI ASME B30 Vice Chair (Cranes & Rigging) ASME P30 Chair (Lift Planning) The views expressed in this presentation are that of ITI and are not necessarily the views of the ASME or any of its committees

2 WHO WE ARE A world leader in crane and rigging training and consulting. We Rig It Right! 2

3 WHO WE ARE Serving a Variety of Industries Aerospace Chemicals Construction DOD DOE Electric Utility Hydro Manufacturing Maritime Mining Nuclear Oil & Gas Pulp & Paper Railroad Shipbuilding Wind Energy 3

4 OUR CUSTOMERS The World's Greatest Organizations Trust ITI's Expertise with their Crane & Rigging Operations 4

5 SHOWCASE WEBINAR SERIES WEBINAR TRAINING COURSES Past Presentations: Cranes, Rigging & Your Organization Effective Crane & Rigging Training Methods for Your Employees 10 Audit Points for Your Crane & Rigging Operations: An HSE Perspective Tackling the Challenges of Training Site Supervisors, Lift Directors, and other Leaders 4 Major Lifting Considerations in Power Gen Environments Today's Presentation: Rigging & Sling Failures: Case Studies & Solutions Lift Director & Site Supervisor Critical Lift Planning Rigging Gear Inspection for Supervisors Advanced Rigging: Load Distribution & Center of Gravity Advanced Rigging: Multi-Crane Lifts & Load Turns 5

6 MIKE PARNELL ABOUT YOUR HOST Mr. Parnell has a wealth of knowledge regarding cranes, rigging, and lifting activities throughout a variety of industries. 30+ years learning about wire rope, rigging, load handling, and lifting activities. Vice Chair of the ASME B30 Main Committee which sets the standards in the US for cranes and rigging Chair of the ASME P30 Main Committee which sets the standards for lift planning. ASME standards are also adopted by many countries around the world. The views expressed in this presentation are that of ITI and are not necessarily the views of the ASME or any of its committees. 6

7 Rigging & Sling Failures Case Studies & Solutions 7

8 Sling Failures & Case Studies 8

9 Sling Failures & Case Studies 9

10 Sling Failures & Case Studies 23 Sling Accident Investigations 87% of Sling Accident Investigations Involve Synthetic Slings Synthetic Sling Chain Sling Wire Rope Sling Category 10

11 Sling Failures & Case Studies Mode of Failure Type Abuse Fabrication Synthetic Sling Chain Sling Wire Rope Sling* Rigging Hardware 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 100% 100% 0% * Homemade with clips 11

12 Sling Failures & Case Studies Case 1 4,000 lb. Steel Ring Abrasion Wear Pad on 2 of 4 edges Stood up, rolled, sliced sling Amputee, mid-thigh down Settled out of court 12

13 Sling Failures & Case Studies 13

14 Sling Failures & Case Studies 14

15 Sling Failures & Case Studies 5,500 lb. Mini-excavator One older, UV degraded and previously cut web sling Two new web slings Triple sling failure Case 2 $35,000 lost machine 9 men off for a day, no planning 15

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23 Sling Failures & Case Studies 23

24 Sling Failures & Case Studies Case 3 4,500 lb. Steel Beam Two web slings, choker hitches No protection Helicopter lift, vibration $40,000 damages, hotel roof 24

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27 Sling Failures & Case Studies Case 4 19,000 lb. Papermill machine Two-crane pick Crane hook, bowl gouges Severed sling, dropped machine $300,000 damages 4 month replacement, lost revenue 27

28 Sling Failures & Case Studies 28

29 Sling Failures & Case Studies Case 5 23,000 lb. Steel Box Beam Two web slings, basketed Abrasion wear pads Slings slid, friction and cutting Tumbled beam, 1 death 29

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35 Sling Failures & Case Studies 35

36 Sling Failures & Case Studies Tower Crane Jumping Four web slings, inverted choker hitches around tower column H-beams, no protection Cutting failures Dropped stabilizing collar 7 deaths Case 6 36

37 Sling Failures & Case Studies 37

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41 Sling Failures & Case Studies 41

42 Sling Failures & Case Studies Points to Remember 1) If rigging with synthetic slings, ensure sufficient protection is in place. 2) Inspect crane hooks and shackles for rough or gouged surfaces. 3) Consider using a clean rigging shackle or master link assembly to avoiding bunching of slings and to ensure smooth connections. 42

43 Sling Failures & Case Studies Typical method. Sling angle should never exceed 45 deg from horizontal, or 90 deg full included angle. 43

44 Sling Failures & Case Studies Both flat web and roundslings are 2" and just fit. Inspect sling-to-hook contact area, and ensure there is no scoring or gouging in hook bowl. 44

45 Sling Failures & Case Studies Exceeds 45 deg angle and causes tip loading of hook. 45

46 Sling Failures & Case Studies Sub-link assembly can help equalize sling leg loading and avoid sling contact with rough hooks. 46

47 Positive Connections 47

48 Positive Connections When available, use qualified lifting lugs. Note: Double shackles help move slings away from crush points. 48

49 Positive Connections Swivel hoist rings can be attached to the load with threaded or through-bolt engagement. Proper torquing is required. These devices provide 360º rotation and pivot 180º. 49

50 Positive Connections Rig slings using a portion of load that stops sling movement. Look for or create STOPPER POINTS to inhibit sling sliding. 50

51 Positive Connections Spreader bars help provide perpendicular sling alignment. Straightawayperpendicular is BEST as it produces no horizontal force that might initiate a horizontal movement. 51

52 Positive Connections Double wrap basket hitches provide 540º grip and sling contact. High friction material helps and attention must be paid to ability to withstand p.s.i. 52

53 Positive Connections Sling sliding can result in cutting or friction failure. End result = DROPPED LOAD. 53

54 Positive Connections Recommendations 54

55 Positive Connections Request that Vendors provide loads with fixed rigging points. 55

56 Positive Connections If the load has to be basketed, consider using a Triple Strong Back. 56

57 Positive Connections If Rigging Points are at or below CG, consider using a Spreader Frame. 57

58 Sling Protection 58

59 Sling Protection Here a thimble helps protect the wire rope, even in the body. Newco Mfg, Crescent Shape Thimble 59

60 Sling Protection A robust wire rope sling protector. Interfron, Wire Rope Sling Corner Protector, magnetic 60

61 Sling Protection Ideally designed for 90 deg corners. Slingmax, Cornermax Pad 61

62 Sling Protection Super cut-resistant synthetic sleeve. Slingmax, Cornermax, Dyneema Sleeve 62

63 Sling Protection In many cases, the rigger should calculate the sling loading in square inches and compare it to the load capacity of the sling protector. 63

64 Sling Protection Lift-It Mfg, Meshguard, Edge Protector 64

65 Sling Protection Heavy synthetic webbing is wrapped around the sling body to resist damage from abrasive load surfaces. 65

66 Sling Protection Machined high-capacity plastic maintains solid barrier between sling and load edge. Linton Rigging Gear Supply, 90 deg. Corner Protector, magnetic 66

67 Sling Protection Even helps prevent damage against beam flanges. 67

68 Sling Protection In all cases, sling sliding can upset even the best plans. Cutting or friction can easily result. 68

69 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices 69

70 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Clamps for Beams Renfroe Caldwell Group 70

71 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Clamps for Beams The Crosby Group 71

72 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Adjustable Lifting Frame Caldwell Group 72

73 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices PRODUCT FEATURES: New knock-down design is easily transported 6 or 9 ton capacity Spreads up to 12' x 12' Adjustable Lifting Frame Four point spreader beam provides added stability Chain top rigging and hoist rings Lower lifting shackles standard Complies with ASME standards 73

74 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Rig-Release Lift Arm only moves when the load line is slack. Manual pull rope or radio remote. Caldwell Group 74

75 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Rig-Release Design factor is 5. Even works for Christmas treeing. 75

76 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Pallet Fork for Crane Loads Adjustable bail and forks ton capacity. Caldwell Group 76

77 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Adjustable Spreader Bar Spread 4-20 ft ton capacity. Caldwell Group 77

78 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Spreader Tandemlock ends, your pipe. 14 tons and above. Tandemlock 78

79 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Counter-Balance Spreader Bar Bushman Avontec 79

80 Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices Tilt-Up Rigging Tandemlock and Rigging Block Vendor 80

81 Q&A 81