Domestic Wastewater Treatment using Vetiver Grass Cultivated with Floating Platform Technique

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Domestic Wastewater Treatment using Vetiver Grass Cultivated with Floating Platform Technique"

Transcription

1 AU J.T. 12(2): 73-8 (Oct. 28) Domestic Wstewter Tretment using Vetiver Grss Cultivted with Floting Pltform Technique Knokporn Boonsong 1 nd Monchi Chnsiri 2 1 Deprtment of Generl Science, Fculty of Science, 2 Inter-Deprtment of Environment Science, Grdute School, Chullongkorn University, Bngkok, Thilnd Emil: <knokporn_@hotmil.com> Astrct This study ws imed to exmine the efficiencies of Vetiveri ziznioides (L.) Nsh cultivted with floting pltform technique to tret domestic wstewter. The study ws divided into three phses of eight weeks ech, using 7-, 5- nd 3-d hydrulic retention time (HRT), respectively. Two different control prmeters including vetiver ecotypes ( Songkhl 3, Surt Thni nd no plnt s control) nd wstewter strengths (HCW: high concentrtion wstewter, nd LCW: low concentrtion wstewter) were exmined. The verge HCW influent contined mg/l BOD (iochemicl oxygen demnd), mg/l TN (totl nitrogen) nd mg/l TP (totl phosphorus), wheres the verge of LWC were , nd mg/l, respectively. The results indicted tht the tretment efficiencies of different HRT nd wstewter concentrtions were significntly different. The 7-d HRT showed highest tretment efficiency. The tretment efficiencies of BOD, TN nd TP in HCW were higher thn in LCW, with the verge of , nd %, respectively. The tretment efficiencies of Songkhl 3 nd Surt Thni ecotypes were not significntly different. However, the tretment efficiencies of BOD nd TP of Surt Thni were slightly higher thn Songkhl 3. The iomss increment of Surt Thni in LCW ws higher thn in HCW, wheres Songkhl 3 showed the opposite trend. Thus, the overll results suggested tht the optiml condition of this technique should e designed t 7-d HRT nd plnted with Surt Thni ecotype. However, if wstewter contined high nutrients, Songkhl 3 ecotype should e plnted. Keywords: hydrulic retention time, ecotypes, Songkhl 3, Surt Thni, BOD, wstewter strengths. Introduction Domestic wstewter chrcteristiclly contins high level of orgnic mtter nd nutrients. The relese of nutrient-rich wstewter effluents into receiving rivers results in environmentl nd humn helth prolems such s eutrophiction in wter odies. Tretment of domestic wstewter hs minly een done using conventionl wstewter tretment systems such s ctivted sludge nd iologicl nutrient removl technologies. These technologies re expensive nd dependent on electricl energy nd skilled personnel. Currently, low-tech system like phytoremedition hs gined sustntil interest in its use for wstewter tretment nd resource recovery t low cost nd miniml mintennce. Vetiver grss (Vetiveri ziznioides (L.) Nsh), perennil grss, is fst growing grss with deep root system nd high iomss production. Due to its unique morphologicl chrcteristics nd its tolernce of dverse environmentl conditions, it hs een used effectively for wstewter tretment (Troung 23). V. ziznioides is not hydrophyte ut it prefers wet nd wterlogged hitt where it cn grow nd develop even though lrge portion of its shoots re sumerged for reltively long period, normlly in wter. Mny scientists hve confirmed tht vetiver grss is Regulr Pper 73

2 AU J.T. 12(2): 73-8 (Oct. 28) powerful to remove nitrogen nd phosphorus from wter nd, therefore, is good plnt for purifying eutrophic wter (Zheng, et l. 1997). The ojective of the present study were to: (1) compre the efficiencies of two vetiver ecotypes in treting domestic wstewter of different strengths using hydroponic technique, nd (2) determine the growth nd the degree of nutrient ccumultion in two vetiver ecotypes received different wstewter strengths. The results of this study hve een reported during the 31st Congress on Science nd Technology of Thilnd (Chnsiri nd Boonsong 25) nd the 4th Interntionl Conference on Vetiver (Boonsong nd Chnsiri 26). Mterils nd Methods The experiments were crried out under well-ventilted temporry greenhouse. The twelve plstic continers of.85 x 1.55 x.5 m 3 ech (width x length x height) were set up together with the inlet pipe nd vlve connected to the wter storge tnk. The wter depth ws mintined t.4 m. The outlet pipe ws plced t pproximtely 5 cm elow wter surfce. The continers were seprted into 3 groups, ech group ws plnted with Songkhl 3 nd Surt Thni ecotypes, nd no plnts s control. Two different domestic wstewter strengths, i.e. HCW: high concentrtion wstewter (which ws treted y screening) nd LCW: low concentrtion wstewter (which ws treted y neroic filter), were continuously distriuted to ech group. The fomed ord which dimension of.6 x 1.2 x.25 m 3 (width x length x height) ws plced on wter surfce s the floting pltform. Ech fomed ord, the sixty 4.5 cm dimeter holes with 1 x 1 cm 2 intervls were mde. Ech hole ws covered with sponge for holding vetiver. Similr-sized vetiver plnts were selected nd then pruned to 2 cm for the shoots (stems nd leves) nd 13.5 cm for the roots. Ech vetiver ws plnted onto hole in pltform. Thus, pproximtely 1 cm of roots were sumerged under wstewter. The experiment ws divided into 3 phses of 8 weeks ech using 7-, 5- nd 3-d hydrulic retention time (HRT). At the end of ech phse, the treted vetiver plnts were removed. The influent nd effluent were smpled t weekly intervl nd nlyzed for ph, DO (dissolved oxygen), BOD (iochemicl oxygen demnd), TN (totl nitrogen), nitrte-n, mmonium-n, TP (totl phosphorus) nd phosphte-p ccording to stndrd methods for wter nd wstewter nlysis (AWWA, WEF nd APHA 1998). The survivl rte nd iomss production of shoots nd roots were studied. In ddition, the concentrtions of TN nd TP ccumulted in shoots nd roots were determined ccording to stndrd methods (AOAC 23). The collected dt were treted with one wy nlysis of vrince (ANOVA) to test for the significnt difference etween wstewter strengths, vetiver ecotypes nd HRT. The Duncn s new multiple rnge test t 5% proility level were clculted. Results nd Discussion Influent Wstewter Qulity The verge DO concentrtions of oth HCW (high concentrtion wstewter) nd LCW (low concentrtion wstewter) were. mg/l. The BOD, TN, TP nd phosphte-p of HCW ( , , nd mg/l, respectively) were significntly higher thn LCW ( , , nd mg/l, respectively). In contrst, the concentrtions of mmonium-n nd nitrte-n of HCW ( nd mg/l) were generlly lower thn HCW ( , mg/l). This my e the result of low BOD concentrtion in LCW. Thus, t the erlier stge, the supply of DO ws still ville for mmonifiction nd nitrifiction processes, resulting in incresed of mmonium-n nd nitrte-n concentrtions. DO Increment nd BOD, TN nd TP Removl fter Tretment The effluent DO of 7-, 5- nd 3-d HRT were significntly different, rnging from , nd mg/l, respectively. During the 3-d HRT, the effluent Regulr Pper 74

3 AU J.T. 12(2): 73-8 (Oct. 28) DO of experimentl sets plnted with Songkhl 3 nd Surt Thni were higher thn control sets. Wheres during the 7-d HRT, the control sets showed higher effluent DO. This indicted tht the min fctor influenced the rising of DO during the limit HRT ws oxygen trnsloction through the root system of vetiver. Wheres the ertion y wind nd lgl photosynthesis should e the min fctors during long HRT resulted in much higher DO in control sets which hve no plnt to inhiit wind nd sunlight to penetrte to wter column. Generlly, the effluent DO in HCW system ( mg/l) ws lower thn LCW ( mg/l) since the ville DO in HCW system my e consumed in eroic decomposition of orgnic mtter. The verge BOD removl efficiency of 7-d HRT ws significntly higher thn 5- nd 3-d HRT, rnging from , nd %, respectively. The longer HRT yielded higher DO which resulted in high eroic decomposition rte of orgnic mtter. The removl efficiency of HCW system ws significntly higher thn LCW, rnging from nd %, respectively. Generlly Surt Thni yield higher BOD removl efficiency thn Songkhl 3 with the vlues of nd % respectively. Moreover, experiment sets plnted with vetiver hd higher BOD removl efficiency thn the control sets especilly during the 5- nd 3-d HRT. This oviously indicted the eneficil effect of vetiver. The verge TN nd mmonium-n removl efficiencies were nd %, respectively. The TN removl efficiencies of Songkhl 3 nd Surt Thni ecotypes were similr. Moreover, the efficiencies of experiment sets plnted with vetiver were oviously higher thn the control sets, especilly during 5- nd 3-d HRT. This fct indicted tht if limit HRT ws pplied, plnting with vetiver would e very eneficil. The removl efficiencies significntly incresed with HRT, rnging from , nd % for 3-, 5- nd 7- d HRT. Moreover, the efficiency in HCW system ws significntly higher thn LCW system (Fig. 1). The phosphorus in wstewter my e removed through sedimenttion nd uril, dsorption nd precipittion, nd exchnge process etween soil nd overlying wter column. However, the hydroponic technique (without soil) tht ws used in this experiment yielded low phosphorus removl efficiency compred to other studies. The verge TP nd phosphte-p removl efficiencies were rnging from nd %, respectively. The TP removl efficiencies of Songkhl 3 nd Surt Thni ecotypes were similr. But Surt Thni ecotype tended to yield slightly higher efficiencies. Moreover, the efficiency of experiment sets plnted with vetiver plnts were significntly higher thn control sets since they could sor phosphte- P nd their roots could slow wter velocity, thus incresed sedimenttion of orgnic phosphorus. The removl efficiencies significntly incresed with HRT, rnging from , nd % for 3-, 5- nd 7-d HRT. Moreover, the efficiency in HCW system ws significntly higher thn LCW system (Fig. 2). Survivl Rte, Biomss nd Nutrient Accumultion of Vetiver After eight weeks of ech experiment, the survivl percentges of Surt Thni nd Songkhl 3 ecotypes were rnging from 75-1%. The survivl percentge during 3-d HRT ws lower thn 7- nd 5-d HRT. This my e the result of low oxygen ville, thus, resulting in retrding respirtion nd ion sorption of vetiver. Moreover, the survivl percentge of vetiver plnted in LCW tended to e slightly higher thn in HCW. According to root iomss, there ws tendency tht the increment of root iomss of Surt Thni ecotype plnted in oth HCW nd LCW ws higher thn Songkhl 3. This indicted tht Surt Thni ecotype could develop etter root system. Thus, higher mounts of phosphorus which ws mcronutrient needed for root development ws required. As result, higher TP removl efficiencies were chieved s mentioned previously. Regrding to shoot iomss, Songkhl 3 plnted in HCW tended to hve Regulr Pper 75

4 AU J.T. 12(2): 73-8 (Oct. 28) higher shoot iomss thn Surt Thni nd thn those plnted in LCW. On the other hnd, Surt Thni plnted in LWC showed higher shoot nd root iomss. The TN ccumultion in shoots of Songkhl 3 nd Surt Thni ( nd mg/g dry wt., respectively) were lower thn the ccumultion in roots ( nd mg/d dry wt., respectively), possily due to the smll size of vetiver in this study. As result, smll mount of TN ws needed for the growth of stems nd leves. When compring etween vetiver ecotypes, Songkhl 3 plnted in HCW showed higher TN ccumultion in shoots nd roots thn Surt Thni In contrst, Surt Thni plnted in LCW showed higher ccumultion thn Songkhl 3. Effi ciency (%) HRT () HCW HRT () LCW. Songkhl 3; Surt Thni; Control c Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control (c) HCW. c c c c c (d) LCW. 7-d HRT; 5-d HRT; 3-d HRT Note: Letters denote the significnt difference mong HRT t p = Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control (e) 7-d HRT. Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control (f) 5-d HRT. Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control (g) 3-d HRT. HCW; LCW Note: Letters denote the significnt difference mong wstewter concentrtions t p =.5. Fig. 1 Comprison of totl nitrogen removl efficiencies mong fctors: ()-() vetiver ecotypes; (c)-(d) HRT; (e)-(g) wstewter concentrtions. Regulr Pper 76

5 AU J.T. 12(2): 73-8 (Oct. 28) Effici ency (%) HRT () HCW HRT () LCW. Songkhl 3; Surt Thni; Control Note: Letters denote the significnt difference mong vetiver ecotypes t p =.5. Effi ciency (%) Effi ciency (%) Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control (c) HCW. Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control c Efficie ncy (%) Efficie ncy (%) Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control (e) 7-d HRT. Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control (f) 5-d HRT. Songkhl3 Surt Thni Control (g) 3-d HRT. HCW; LCW Note: Letters denote the significnt difference mong wstewter concentrtions t p =.5. Fig. 2. Comprison of totl phosphorus removl efficiencies mong fctors: ()-() vetiver ecotypes; (c)-(d) HRT; (e)-(g) wstewter concentrtions. (d) LCW. 7-d HRT; 5-d HRT; 3-d HRT Note: Letters denote the significnt difference mong HRT t p =.5. Regulr Pper 77

6 AU J.T. 12(2): 73-8 (Oct. 28) Plte 1. The experimentl sets t the strting period under temporry greenhouse. () dy. () 2 dys. (c) dys. (d) 6 dys. Plte 2. The growth of vetiver grss t, 2, nd 6 dys. Regulr Pper 78

7 AU J.T. 12(2): 73-8 (Oct. 28) Plte 3. Root nd shoot fter the tretment experiment. The TP ccumultion in shoots of Songkhl 3 nd Surt Thni ( nd mg/d dry wt., respectively) were lower thn the ccumultion in roots ( nd mg/d dry weight, respectively). Generlly Surt Thni yielded higher vlues thn Songkhl 3. This result correlted to higher TP nd phosphte-p tretment efficiencies of Surt Thni thn Songkhl 3. When compring etween HRT, the TN nd TP ccumultions in roots during 7-d HRT ws higher thn 3- nd 5-d HRT, respectively. But no ovious trend ws oserved in TN nd TP ccumultions in shoots. Conclusions The results from this present study using hydroponic technique indicted tht even tretment efficiencies of nitrogen nd phosphorus were low compre to other studies which hd soils s medi, vetiver showed good potentil to e used in situ to tret domestic wstewter. The 7-d HRT time posted highest tretment efficiencies. The tretment efficiencies of BOD, TN nd TP incresed with concentrtions which indicted high potentil of vetiver to tret HCW. In ddition, the tretment efficiencies of BOD nd TP of Surt Thni ecotype were slightly higher thn Songkhl 3 ecotype. The results closely correlted with the study of growth which found tht Surt Thni could develop etter root system thn Songkhl 3 in oth HCW nd LCW. As result, it sored higher mount of phosphte-p for root development. The results closely correlted with the study of growth which found tht Songkhl 3 plnted in HCW tended to hve higher shoot iomss nd nitrogen ccumultion. In conclusion, the optiml condition of this ppliction should e designed t 7-d HRT nd plnted with Surt Thni ecotype. However, if wstewter contined high nutrients, Songkhl 3 ecotype should e plnted in sted. References AOAC. 23. Officil methods of nlysis of AOAC Interntionl. 17th edition (2nd revision). Assocition of Officil Anlyticl Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA. AWWA, WEF nd APHA Stndrd method for the exmintion of wter nd wstewter. 2th edition. Americn Pulic Helth Assocition, Wshington, DC, USA. Boonsong, K.; nd Chnsiri, M. 26. Efficiency of vetiver grss cultivted with floting pltform technique in domestic wstewter tretment. Proc. 4th Int. Conf. on Vetiver (ICV-4), Pper BA2, Fundción Empress Polr, Crcs, Venezuel, Octoer 26. Chnsiri, M.; nd Boonsong, K. 25. Efficiency of vetiver grss (Vetiveri ziznioides (L.) Nsh) cultivted with floting pltform technique in municipl wstewter tretment. Proc. 31st Congress Regulr Pper 79

8 AU J.T. 12(2): 73-8 (Oct. 28) on Science nd Technology of Thilnd (STT 25), Pper H41, Surnree University of Technology, Nkorn Rtchsim, Thilnd, 18-2 Octoer 25. Truong, P. 23. Vetiver system for wter qulity improvement. Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Vetiver (ICV-3), Gungzhou, Chin, 6-9 Octoer 23. Aville: Proceedings/AUS Wter%2 qulity.pdf Zheng, C.; Tu, C.; nd Chen, H Preliminry study on purifiction of eutrophic wter with vetiver. Proc. Int. Vetiver Workshop, Fuzhou, Chin, Octoer Regulr Pper 8

Treatment Spring Late Summer Fall 0.10 5.56 3.85 0.61 6.97 3.01 1.91 3.01 2.13 2.99 5.33 2.50 1.06 3.53 6.10 Mean = 1.33 Mean = 4.88 Mean = 3.

Treatment Spring Late Summer Fall 0.10 5.56 3.85 0.61 6.97 3.01 1.91 3.01 2.13 2.99 5.33 2.50 1.06 3.53 6.10 Mean = 1.33 Mean = 4.88 Mean = 3. The nlysis of vrince (ANOVA) Although the t-test is one of the most commonly used sttisticl hypothesis tests, it hs limittions. The mjor limittion is tht the t-test cn be used to compre the mens of only

More information

COVER CROP VARIETY AND SEEDING RATE EFFECTS ON WINTER WEED SEED PRODUCTION

COVER CROP VARIETY AND SEEDING RATE EFFECTS ON WINTER WEED SEED PRODUCTION COVER CROP VARIETY AND SEEDING RATE EFFECTS ON WINTER WEED SEED PRODUCTION Nthn S. Boyd nd Eric B. Brennn, USDA-ARS, Orgnic Reserch Progrm, 1636 E. Alisl Street, Slins, CA 93905 Astrct Weed mngement is

More information

Small Businesses Decisions to Offer Health Insurance to Employees

Small Businesses Decisions to Offer Health Insurance to Employees Smll Businesses Decisions to Offer Helth Insurnce to Employees Ctherine McLughlin nd Adm Swinurn, June 2014 Employer-sponsored helth insurnce (ESI) is the dominnt source of coverge for nonelderly dults

More information

2013 Flax Weed Control Trial

2013 Flax Weed Control Trial 2013 Flx Weed Control Tril Dr. Hether Drby, UVM Extension Agronomist Susn Monhn, Conner Burke, Eric Cummings, nd Hnnh Hrwood UVM Extension Crops nd Soils Technicins 802-524-6501 Visit us on the web: http://www.uvm.edu/extension/cropsoil

More information

** Dpt. Chemical Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand

** Dpt. Chemical Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand Modelling nd Simultion of hemicl Processes in Multi Pulse TP Experiment P. Phnwdee* S.O. Shekhtmn +. Jrungmnorom** J.T. Gleves ++ * Dpt. hemicl Engineering, Ksetsrt University, Bngkok 10900, Thilnd + Dpt.hemicl

More information

Advanced Treatment of Wastewater from Food Waste Disposer in Modified Ludzack-Ettinger Type Membrane Bioreactor

Advanced Treatment of Wastewater from Food Waste Disposer in Modified Ludzack-Ettinger Type Membrane Bioreactor Environ. Eng. Res. June,7() : 59-6 Reserch Pper http://dx.doi.org/.449/eer..7..59 pissn 6-5 eissn 5-968X Advnced Tretment of Wstewter from Food Wste Disposer in Modified Ludzck-Ettinger Type Membrne Biorector

More information

Study on enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of oil from soybean

Study on enzyme-assisted aqueous extraction of oil from soybean 8 Journl Scientific & Industril Reserch J SCI IND RES VOL 69 NOVEMBER 2010 Vol. 69, November 2010, pp. 8-865 Study on enzyme-ssisted queous extrction oil from soyben Jun-Qing Qin*, De-Hui Qin, Xing-Mo

More information

The Effect of Crumb Rubber Modifier (CRM) on the Performance Properties of Rubberized Binders in HMA pavements

The Effect of Crumb Rubber Modifier (CRM) on the Performance Properties of Rubberized Binders in HMA pavements The Effect of Crum Ruer Modifier (CRM) on the Performnce Properties of Ruerized Binders in HMA pvements Soon-Je Lee* Ph.D. Grdute Student Deprtment of Civil Engineering Clemson University Clemson, SC 29634-0911

More information

2006 IPCC Software for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Application and use for India

2006 IPCC Software for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories: Application and use for India 2006 IPCC Softwre for Ntionl Greenhouse Gs Inventories: Appliction nd use for Indi Presenttion for NGGIP Side Event Bonn, June 8, 2013 Prof. Amit Grg (mitgrg@iimhd.ernet.in), INDIA GHG Inventory Softwre

More information

DlNBVRGH + Sickness Absence Monitoring Report. Executive of the Council. Purpose of report

DlNBVRGH + Sickness Absence Monitoring Report. Executive of the Council. Purpose of report DlNBVRGH + + THE CITY OF EDINBURGH COUNCIL Sickness Absence Monitoring Report Executive of the Council 8fh My 4 I.I...3 Purpose of report This report quntifies the mount of working time lost s result of

More information

Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online

Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online Turfgrss nd Environmentl Reserch Online...Using Science to Benefit Golf USGA s Turfgrss nd Environmentl Reserch Progrm jointly funded coopertive study with GCSAA s Environmentl Institute for Golf to evlute

More information

COMPARISON OF SOME METHODS TO FIT A MULTIPLICATIVE TARIFF STRUCTURE TO OBSERVED RISK DATA BY B. AJNE. Skandza, Stockholm ABSTRACT

COMPARISON OF SOME METHODS TO FIT A MULTIPLICATIVE TARIFF STRUCTURE TO OBSERVED RISK DATA BY B. AJNE. Skandza, Stockholm ABSTRACT COMPARISON OF SOME METHODS TO FIT A MULTIPLICATIVE TARIFF STRUCTURE TO OBSERVED RISK DATA BY B. AJNE Skndz, Stockholm ABSTRACT Three methods for fitting multiplictive models to observed, cross-clssified

More information

Utilization of Magnesium Hydroxide Produced by Magnesia Hydration as Fire Retardant for Nylon 6-6,6

Utilization of Magnesium Hydroxide Produced by Magnesia Hydration as Fire Retardant for Nylon 6-6,6 C O M U N I C A Ç Ã O Utiliztion of Mgnesium Hydroxide Produced y Mgnesi Hydrtion s Fire Retrdnt for Nylon 6-6,6 Sôni D.F. Roch Deprtmento de Engenhri Químic, UFMG Virgíni S.T. Ciminelli Deprtmento de

More information

Rate and Activation Energy of the Iodination of Acetone

Rate and Activation Energy of the Iodination of Acetone nd Activtion Energ of the Iodintion of Acetone rl N. eer Dte of Eperiment: //00 Florence F. Ls (prtner) Abstrct: The rte, rte lw nd ctivtion energ of the iodintion of cetone re detered b observing the

More information

Research Article Determination of Chlorinity of Water without the Use of Chromate Indicator

Research Article Determination of Chlorinity of Water without the Use of Chromate Indicator Interntionl Anlyticl Chemistry Volume 21, Article ID 299, pges doi:1.1155/21/299 Reserch Article Determintion of Chlorinity of Wter without the Use of Chromte Indictor Te-Kee Hong, 1 Myung-Hoon Kim, 2

More information

Answer, Key Homework 10 David McIntyre 1

Answer, Key Homework 10 David McIntyre 1 Answer, Key Homework 10 Dvid McIntyre 1 This print-out should hve 22 questions, check tht it is complete. Multiple-choice questions my continue on the next column or pge: find ll choices efore mking your

More information

Economics Letters 65 (1999) 9 15. macroeconomists. a b, Ruth A. Judson, Ann L. Owen. Received 11 December 1998; accepted 12 May 1999

Economics Letters 65 (1999) 9 15. macroeconomists. a b, Ruth A. Judson, Ann L. Owen. Received 11 December 1998; accepted 12 May 1999 Economics Letters 65 (1999) 9 15 Estimting dynmic pnel dt models: guide for q mcroeconomists b, * Ruth A. Judson, Ann L. Owen Federl Reserve Bord of Governors, 0th & C Sts., N.W. Wshington, D.C. 0551,

More information

Why is the NSW prison population falling?

Why is the NSW prison population falling? NSW Bureu of Crime Sttistics nd Reserch Bureu Brief Issue pper no. 80 September 2012 Why is the NSW prison popultion flling? Jcqueline Fitzgerld & Simon Corben 1 Aim: After stedily incresing for more thn

More information

APPLICATION OF TAGUCHI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN FOR PROCESS OPTIMIZATION OF TABLET COMPRESSION MACHINES AT HLL LIFECARE LIMITED, INDIA

APPLICATION OF TAGUCHI EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN FOR PROCESS OPTIMIZATION OF TABLET COMPRESSION MACHINES AT HLL LIFECARE LIMITED, INDIA Interntionl Journl of themticl Sciences Vol. 10, No. 3-4, July-December 2011, pp. 171-182 Serils Publictions APPLICATION OF TAGUCHI EXPERIENTAL DESIGN FOR PROCESS OPTIIZATION OF TABLET COPRESSION ACHINES

More information

Solenoid Operated Proportional Directional Control Valve (with Pressure Compensation, Multiple Valve Series)

Solenoid Operated Proportional Directional Control Valve (with Pressure Compensation, Multiple Valve Series) Solenoid Operted Proportionl Directionl Control Vlve (with Pressure Compenstion, Multiple Vlve Series) Hydrulic circuit (Exmple) v Fetures hese stcking type control vlves show pressure compensted type

More information

COMPONENTS: COMBINED LOADING

COMPONENTS: COMBINED LOADING LECTURE COMPONENTS: COMBINED LOADING Third Edition A. J. Clrk School of Engineering Deprtment of Civil nd Environmentl Engineering 24 Chpter 8.4 by Dr. Ibrhim A. Asskkf SPRING 2003 ENES 220 Mechnics of

More information

Lump-Sum Distributions at Job Change, p. 2

Lump-Sum Distributions at Job Change, p. 2 Jnury 2009 Vol. 30, No. 1 Lump-Sum Distributions t Job Chnge, p. 2 E X E C U T I V E S U M M A R Y Lump-Sum Distributions t Job Chnge GROWING NUMBER OF WORKERS FACED WITH ASSET DECISIONS AT JOB CHANGE:

More information

TITLE THE PRINCIPLES OF COIN-TAP METHOD OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

TITLE THE PRINCIPLES OF COIN-TAP METHOD OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING TITLE THE PRINCIPLES OF COIN-TAP METHOD OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING Sung Joon Kim*, Dong-Chul Che Kore Aerospce Reserch Institute, 45 Eoeun-Dong, Youseong-Gu, Dejeon, 35-333, Kore Phone : 82-42-86-231 FAX

More information

THE EFFECTS OF INCREASED PROTEIN INTAKE ON KIDNEY SIZE AND FUNCTION

THE EFFECTS OF INCREASED PROTEIN INTAKE ON KIDNEY SIZE AND FUNCTION The Journl of Experimentl iology 21, 281 29 (1998) Printed in Gret ritin The Compny of iologists Limited 1998 JE1492 281 THE EFFECTS OF INCRESED PROTEIN INTKE ON KIDNEY SIZE ND FUNCTION KIMERLY. HMMOND

More information

The Velocity Factor of an Insulated Two-Wire Transmission Line

The Velocity Factor of an Insulated Two-Wire Transmission Line The Velocity Fctor of n Insulted Two-Wire Trnsmission Line Problem Kirk T. McDonld Joseph Henry Lbortories, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 Mrch 7, 008 Estimte the velocity fctor F = v/c nd the

More information

Cooperative Extension Service College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences. Page

Cooperative Extension Service College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences. Page Pest Control in Crops Grown in Northwestern New Mexico, 2014 Annul Dt Report 100-2014 Richrd N. Arnold, Michel K. O Neill, Dniel Smel, Kevin Lomrd, nd Mrgret West 1 Coopertive Extension Service College

More information

1. Find the zeros Find roots. Set function = 0, factor or use quadratic equation if quadratic, graph to find zeros on calculator

1. Find the zeros Find roots. Set function = 0, factor or use quadratic equation if quadratic, graph to find zeros on calculator AP Clculus Finl Review Sheet When you see the words. This is wht you think of doing. Find the zeros Find roots. Set function =, fctor or use qudrtic eqution if qudrtic, grph to find zeros on clcultor.

More information

, and the number of electrons is -19. e e 1.60 10 C. The negatively charged electrons move in the direction opposite to the conventional current flow.

, and the number of electrons is -19. e e 1.60 10 C. The negatively charged electrons move in the direction opposite to the conventional current flow. Prolem 1. f current of 80.0 ma exists in metl wire, how mny electrons flow pst given cross section of the wire in 10.0 min? Sketch the directions of the current nd the electrons motion. Solution: The chrge

More information

Utilization of Smoking Cessation Benefits in Medicaid Managed Care, 2009-2013

Utilization of Smoking Cessation Benefits in Medicaid Managed Care, 2009-2013 Utiliztion of Smoking Cesstion Benefits in Medicid Mnged Cre, 2009-2013 Office of Qulity nd Ptient Sfety New York Stte Deprtment of Helth Jnury 2015 Introduction According to the New York Stte Tocco Control

More information

Bayesian Updating with Continuous Priors Class 13, 18.05, Spring 2014 Jeremy Orloff and Jonathan Bloom

Bayesian Updating with Continuous Priors Class 13, 18.05, Spring 2014 Jeremy Orloff and Jonathan Bloom Byesin Updting with Continuous Priors Clss 3, 8.05, Spring 04 Jeremy Orloff nd Jonthn Bloom Lerning Gols. Understnd prmeterized fmily of distriutions s representing continuous rnge of hypotheses for the

More information

Unit 29: Inference for Two-Way Tables

Unit 29: Inference for Two-Way Tables Unit 29: Inference for Two-Wy Tbles Prerequisites Unit 13, Two-Wy Tbles is prerequisite for this unit. In ddition, students need some bckground in significnce tests, which ws introduced in Unit 25. Additionl

More information

2 DIODE CLIPPING and CLAMPING CIRCUITS

2 DIODE CLIPPING and CLAMPING CIRCUITS 2 DIODE CLIPPING nd CLAMPING CIRCUITS 2.1 Ojectives Understnding the operting principle of diode clipping circuit Understnding the operting principle of clmping circuit Understnding the wveform chnge of

More information

July 2005, NCJ 209588 Substance Dependence, Abuse, and Treatment of Jail Inmates, 2002. Highlights. No dependence or abuse 53 47 32.

July 2005, NCJ 209588 Substance Dependence, Abuse, and Treatment of Jail Inmates, 2002. Highlights. No dependence or abuse 53 47 32. U.S. Deprtment of Justice Office of Justice Progrms Bureu of Justice Sttistics Specil Report By Jennifer C. Krerg nd Doris J. Jmes BJS Sttisticins In 2002 more thn two-thirds of jil inmtes were found to

More information

JaERM Software-as-a-Solution Package

JaERM Software-as-a-Solution Package JERM Softwre-s--Solution Pckge Enterprise Risk Mngement ( ERM ) Public listed compnies nd orgnistions providing finncil services re required by Monetry Authority of Singpore ( MAS ) nd/or Singpore Stock

More information

Econ 4721 Money and Banking Problem Set 2 Answer Key

Econ 4721 Money and Banking Problem Set 2 Answer Key Econ 472 Money nd Bnking Problem Set 2 Answer Key Problem (35 points) Consider n overlpping genertions model in which consumers live for two periods. The number of people born in ech genertion grows in

More information

How fast can we sort? Sorting. Decision-tree model. Decision-tree for insertion sort Sort a 1, a 2, a 3. CS 3343 -- Spring 2009

How fast can we sort? Sorting. Decision-tree model. Decision-tree for insertion sort Sort a 1, a 2, a 3. CS 3343 -- Spring 2009 CS 4 -- Spring 2009 Sorting Crol Wenk Slides courtesy of Chrles Leiserson with smll chnges by Crol Wenk CS 4 Anlysis of Algorithms 1 How fst cn we sort? All the sorting lgorithms we hve seen so fr re comprison

More information

The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam. Release on the Ionization Constant of H 2 O

The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam. Release on the Ionization Constant of H 2 O The Interntionl Assocition for the Properties of Wter nd Stem Lucerne, Sitzerlnd August 7 Relese on the Ioniztion Constnt of H O 7 The Interntionl Assocition for the Properties of Wter nd Stem Publiction

More information

Operations with Polynomials

Operations with Polynomials 38 Chpter P Prerequisites P.4 Opertions with Polynomils Wht you should lern: Write polynomils in stndrd form nd identify the leding coefficients nd degrees of polynomils Add nd subtrct polynomils Multiply

More information

Reasoning to Solve Equations and Inequalities

Reasoning to Solve Equations and Inequalities Lesson4 Resoning to Solve Equtions nd Inequlities In erlier work in this unit, you modeled situtions with severl vriles nd equtions. For exmple, suppose you were given usiness plns for concert showing

More information

TEMPERATURE MODELING AND CONTROL FOR BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT DESIGN

TEMPERATURE MODELING AND CONTROL FOR BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT DESIGN TEMPERATURE MODELING AND CONTROL FOR BIOLOGICAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT DESIGN Christ L. Cruikshnk, P.E. & Dvid G. Gilles, P.E. ADVENT-ENVIRON 201 Summit Vie Dr Suite 300 Brentood, Tennessee 37027 ABSTRACT

More information

Helicopter Theme and Variations

Helicopter Theme and Variations Helicopter Theme nd Vritions Or, Some Experimentl Designs Employing Pper Helicopters Some possible explntory vribles re: Who drops the helicopter The length of the rotor bldes The height from which the

More information

Effect of viscosity on C sugar in Beet sugar factories

Effect of viscosity on C sugar in Beet sugar factories ANNUAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE NORDIC RHEOLOGY SOCIETY, VOL. 16, 2008 Effect of on C sugr in Beet sugr fctories Mohmmd Hojjtoleslmy 1, Rez Shokrni 2 nd Ahmd Krsi 3 1 Deprtment of food technology, College of

More information

improved (2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11). Some of the

improved (2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11). Some of the 8 FLORIDA STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, 963 EVALUATING SPRAY EQUIPMENT FOR FLORIDA CITRUS R. F. Brooks, W. L. Thompson nd P. T. Jutrs Florid Citrus Experiment Sttion Lke Alfred The first successful, lrge,

More information

Survival of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Postoperative Recurrence at Distant Organs

Survival of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with Postoperative Recurrence at Distant Organs Survivl of Non-smll Cell Cncer Ptients with Postopertive Recurrence t Distnt Orgns Ichiro Yoshino, MD, 1,2 Tomofumi Yohen, MD, 1 Mschik Kitjim, MD, 1 Chie Ushijim, MD, 1 Kenichi Nishiok, MD, 1 Yukito Ichinose,

More information

THE PARAMETERS OF TRAPS IN K-FELDSPARS AND THE TL BLEACHING EFFICIENCY

THE PARAMETERS OF TRAPS IN K-FELDSPARS AND THE TL BLEACHING EFFICIENCY GEOCHRONOMETRIA Vol. 2, pp 15-2, 21 Journl on Methods nd Applictions of Asolute Chronology THE PARAMETERS OF TRAPS IN K-FELDSPARS AND THE TL BLEACHING EFFICIENCY ALICJA CHRUŒCIÑSKA 1, HUBERT L. OCZKOWSKI

More information

Reversing Medications That Cause Bleeding

Reversing Medications That Cause Bleeding Reversing Medictions Tht Cuse Bleeding Dine M. Birnbumer, M.D., FACEP Professor of Medicine University of Cliforni, Los Angeles Senior Fculty Deprtment of Emergency Medicine Hrbor-UCLA Medicl Center The

More information

Contextualizing NSSE Effect Sizes: Empirical Analysis and Interpretation of Benchmark Comparisons

Contextualizing NSSE Effect Sizes: Empirical Analysis and Interpretation of Benchmark Comparisons Contextulizing NSSE Effect Sizes: Empiricl Anlysis nd Interprettion of Benchmrk Comprisons NSSE stff re frequently sked to help interpret effect sizes. Is.3 smll effect size? Is.5 relly lrge effect size?

More information

Comparison of Environment and Mice in Static and Mechanically Ventilated Isolator Cages with Different Air Velocities and Ventilation Designs

Comparison of Environment and Mice in Static and Mechanically Ventilated Isolator Cages with Different Air Velocities and Ventilation Designs Comprison of Environment nd Mice in Sttic nd Mechniclly Ventilted Isoltor Cges with Different Air Velocities nd Ventiltion Designs FARHAD MEMARZADEH, PHD, PE, 1 PAUL C. HARRISON, PHD, 2* GERALD L. RISKOWSKI,

More information

Waste Management 32 (2012) 1019 1030. Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect. Waste Management

Waste Management 32 (2012) 1019 1030. Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect. Waste Management Wste Mngement 32 (2012) 1019 1030 Contents lists vilble t SciVerse ScienceDirect Wste Mngement journl homepge: www.elsevier.com/locte/wsmn The environmentl comprison of lndfilling vs. incinertion of MSW

More information

Objective: Erectile dysfunction and depression are highly associated. Previous studies have shown benefits of phosphodiesterase-5

Objective: Erectile dysfunction and depression are highly associated. Previous studies have shown benefits of phosphodiesterase-5 Article Efficcy nd Tolerbility of Vrdenfil in Men With Mild Depression nd Erectile Dysfunction: The Depression-Relted Improvement With Vrdenfil for Erectile Response Study Rymond Rosen, Ph.D. Ridwn Shbsigh,

More information

PROBLEMS 13 - APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES Page 1

PROBLEMS 13 - APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES Page 1 PROBLEMS - APPLICATIONS OF DERIVATIVES Pge ( ) Wter seeps out of conicl filter t the constnt rte of 5 cc / sec. When the height of wter level in the cone is 5 cm, find the rte t which the height decreses.

More information

The Acoustic Design of Soundproofing Doors and Windows

The Acoustic Design of Soundproofing Doors and Windows 3 The Open Acoustics Journl, 1, 3, 3-37 The Acoustic Design of Soundproofing Doors nd Windows Open Access Nishimur Yuy,1, Nguyen Huy Qung, Nishimur Sohei 1, Nishimur Tsuyoshi 3 nd Yno Tkshi 1 Kummoto Ntionl

More information

Combined Liability Insurance. Information and Communication Technology Proposal form

Combined Liability Insurance. Information and Communication Technology Proposal form Comined Liility Insurnce Informtion nd Communiction Technology Proposl form Comined Liility Insurnce Informtion nd Communiction Technology - Proposl form This proposl form must e completed nd signed y

More information

Comparative Study of Dutch and Hungarian Environmentally-friendly Apple Orchards on Potential Ascospore Dose of Apple Scab

Comparative Study of Dutch and Hungarian Environmentally-friendly Apple Orchards on Potential Ascospore Dose of Apple Scab Comprtive Study of Dutch nd Hungrin Environmentlly-friendly Apple Orchrds on Potentil Ascospore Dose of Apple Sc Imre Hol 1 Brt Heijne 2 1 University of Derecen, Centre of Agriculturl Sciences, Fculty

More information

Determination of organophosphorus insecticides in natural waters using SPE-disks and SPME followed by GC/FTD and GC/MS

Determination of organophosphorus insecticides in natural waters using SPE-disks and SPME followed by GC/FTD and GC/MS Fresenius J Anl Chem (2000) 368 : 616 623 Springer-Verlg 2000 ORIGINAL PAPER D. Lmbropoulou T. Skellrides T. Albnis Determintion of orgnophosphorus insecticides in nturl wters using SPE-disks nd SPME followed

More information

Free Serum Testosterone Level in Male Rats Treated with Tribulus Alatus Extracts

Free Serum Testosterone Level in Male Rats Treated with Tribulus Alatus Extracts Investigtive Urology Triulus Altus Extrcts nd Testosterone Level Interntionl Brz J Urol Vol. 33 (4): 554-559, July - August, 2007 Free Serum Testosterone Level in Mle Rts Treted with Triulus Altus Extrcts

More information

MAX. As an increasingly larger share of Medicaid enrollees MEDICAID POLICY BRIEF

MAX. As an increasingly larger share of Medicaid enrollees MEDICAID POLICY BRIEF MAX CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID SERVICES MEDICAID POLICY BRIEF Brief 14 December 2012 The Avilbility nd Usbility of Behviorl Helth Orgniztion Encounter Dt in MAX 2009 Jessic Nysenbum, Ellen Bouchery,

More information

Week 11 - Inductance

Week 11 - Inductance Week - Inductnce November 6, 202 Exercise.: Discussion Questions ) A trnsformer consists bsiclly of two coils in close proximity but not in electricl contct. A current in one coil mgneticlly induces n

More information

Correction methods for pulsed neutron source reactivity measurement in accelerator driven systems

Correction methods for pulsed neutron source reactivity measurement in accelerator driven systems NUKLEONIKA 2013;58(2):287 293 ORIGINAL PAPER Correction methods for pulsed neutron source rectivity mesurement in ccelertor driven systems Pweł Gjd, Jerzy Jnczyszyn, Włdysłw Pohorecki Astrct. Importnt

More information

P.3 Polynomials and Factoring. P.3 an 1. Polynomial STUDY TIP. Example 1 Writing Polynomials in Standard Form. What you should learn

P.3 Polynomials and Factoring. P.3 an 1. Polynomial STUDY TIP. Example 1 Writing Polynomials in Standard Form. What you should learn 33337_0P03.qp 2/27/06 24 9:3 AM Chpter P Pge 24 Prerequisites P.3 Polynomils nd Fctoring Wht you should lern Polynomils An lgeric epression is collection of vriles nd rel numers. The most common type of

More information

SPH simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems

SPH simulation of fluid-structure interaction problems Diprtimento di ingegneri idrulic e mientle SPH simultion of fluid-structure interction prolems C. Antoci, M. Gllti, S. Siill Reserch project Prolem: deformtion of plte due to the ction of fluid (lrge displcement

More information

4/3-, 4/2- and 3/2- directional valves with switching time adjustment, Model 5-.WE 10 (5-chamber version)

4/3-, 4/2- and 3/2- directional valves with switching time adjustment, Model 5-.WE 10 (5-chamber version) RA 23 351/9.99 RA 23 351/9.99 Replces: 6.98, 8.9 4/3-, 4/2- nd 3/2- directionl vlves with switching time djustment, Model 5-.WE 1 (5-chmer version) Nominl size 1 Series 3X Mximum operting pressure 4569

More information

Simulation of operation modes of isochronous cyclotron by a new interative method

Simulation of operation modes of isochronous cyclotron by a new interative method NUKLEONIKA 27;52(1):29 34 ORIGINAL PAPER Simultion of opertion modes of isochronous cyclotron y new intertive method Ryszrd Trszkiewicz, Mrek Tlch, Jcek Sulikowski, Henryk Doruch, Tdeusz Norys, Artur Srok,

More information

FAULT TREES AND RELIABILITY BLOCK DIAGRAMS. Harry G. Kwatny. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics Drexel University

FAULT TREES AND RELIABILITY BLOCK DIAGRAMS. Harry G. Kwatny. Department of Mechanical Engineering & Mechanics Drexel University SYSTEM FAULT AND Hrry G. Kwtny Deprtment of Mechnicl Engineering & Mechnics Drexel University OUTLINE SYSTEM RBD Definition RBDs nd Fult Trees System Structure Structure Functions Pths nd Cutsets Reliility

More information

Distributions. (corresponding to the cumulative distribution function for the discrete case).

Distributions. (corresponding to the cumulative distribution function for the discrete case). Distributions Recll tht n integrble function f : R [,] such tht R f()d = is clled probbility density function (pdf). The distribution function for the pdf is given by F() = (corresponding to the cumultive

More information

Active & Retiree Plan: Trustees of the Milwaukee Roofers Health Fund Coverage Period: 06/01/2015-05/31/2016 Summary of Benefits and Coverage:

Active & Retiree Plan: Trustees of the Milwaukee Roofers Health Fund Coverage Period: 06/01/2015-05/31/2016 Summary of Benefits and Coverage: Summry of Benefits nd Coverge: Wht this Pln Covers & Wht it Costs Coverge for: Single & Fmily Pln Type: NPOS This is only summry. If you wnt more detil bout your coverge nd costs, you cn get the complete

More information

Navy Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program 1990 1999: Demographic Features and Trends in Abnormal Radiographic Findings

Navy Asbestos Medical Surveillance Program 1990 1999: Demographic Features and Trends in Abnormal Radiographic Findings MILITARY MEDICINE, 171, 8:717, 2006 Nvy Asbestos Medicl Surveillnce Progrm 1990 1999: Demogrphic Fetures nd Trends in Abnorml Rdiogrphic Findings Gurntor: Dnielle M. Dell, MPH Contributors: Dnielle M.

More information

Experiment 6: Friction

Experiment 6: Friction Experiment 6: Friction In previous lbs we studied Newton s lws in n idel setting, tht is, one where friction nd ir resistnce were ignored. However, from our everydy experience with motion, we know tht

More information

Understanding Life Cycle Costs How a Northern Pump Saves You Money

Understanding Life Cycle Costs How a Northern Pump Saves You Money Understnding Life Cycle Costs How Nrn Pump Sves You Money Reference: Hydrulic Institute (www.s.g) Introduction Wht Life Cycle Cost (LCC) Clculting Totl LCC LCC Components Wht Life Cycle Cost Life Cycle

More information

persons withdrawing from addiction is given by summarizing over individuals with different ages and numbers of years of addiction remaining:

persons withdrawing from addiction is given by summarizing over individuals with different ages and numbers of years of addiction remaining: COST- BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF NARCOTIC ADDICTION TREATMENT PROGRAMS with Specil Reference to Age Irving Leveson,l New York City Plnning Commission Introduction Efforts to del with consequences of poverty,

More information

Performance analysis model for big data applications in cloud computing

Performance analysis model for big data applications in cloud computing Butist Villlpndo et l. Journl of Cloud Computing: Advnces, Systems nd Applictions 2014, 3:19 RESEARCH Performnce nlysis model for big dt pplictions in cloud computing Luis Edurdo Butist Villlpndo 1,2,

More information

AN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS METHODOLOGY TO EVALUATE IT SOLUTIONS FOR ORGANIZATIONS

AN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS METHODOLOGY TO EVALUATE IT SOLUTIONS FOR ORGANIZATIONS AN ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS METHODOLOGY TO EVALUATE IT SOLUTIONS FOR ORGANIZATIONS Spiros Vsilkos (), Chrysostomos D. Stylios (),(b), John Groflkis (c) () Dept. of Telemtics Center, Computer Technology

More information

Tablet Charging Wall Mount 12

Tablet Charging Wall Mount 12 User's Guide Tlet Chrging Wll Mount 12 For the ltest User Instlltion Guide plese visit: www.ergotron.com User's Guide - English Guí del usurio - Espñol Mnuel de l utilisteur - Frnçis Geruikersgids - Deutsch

More information

Section 5-4 Trigonometric Functions

Section 5-4 Trigonometric Functions 5- Trigonometric Functions Section 5- Trigonometric Functions Definition of the Trigonometric Functions Clcultor Evlution of Trigonometric Functions Definition of the Trigonometric Functions Alternte Form

More information

Enterprise Risk Management Software Buyer s Guide

Enterprise Risk Management Software Buyer s Guide Enterprise Risk Mngement Softwre Buyer s Guide 1. Wht is Enterprise Risk Mngement? 2. Gols of n ERM Progrm 3. Why Implement ERM 4. Steps to Implementing Successful ERM Progrm 5. Key Performnce Indictors

More information

UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM. Discussion Papers in Economics STRATEGIC SECOND SOURCING IN A VERTICAL STRUCTURE

UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM. Discussion Papers in Economics STRATEGIC SECOND SOURCING IN A VERTICAL STRUCTURE UNVERSTY OF NOTTNGHAM Discussion Ppers in Economics Discussion Pper No. 04/15 STRATEGC SECOND SOURCNG N A VERTCAL STRUCTURE By Arijit Mukherjee September 004 DP 04/15 SSN 10-438 UNVERSTY OF NOTTNGHAM Discussion

More information

EQUATIONS OF LINES AND PLANES

EQUATIONS OF LINES AND PLANES EQUATIONS OF LINES AND PLANES MATH 195, SECTION 59 (VIPUL NAIK) Corresponding mteril in the ook: Section 12.5. Wht students should definitely get: Prmetric eqution of line given in point-direction nd twopoint

More information

How To Set Up A Network For Your Business

How To Set Up A Network For Your Business Why Network is n Essentil Productivity Tool for Any Smll Business TechAdvisory.org SME Reports sponsored by Effective technology is essentil for smll businesses looking to increse their productivity. Computer

More information

Shading during the grain filling period increases 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content in fragrant rice

Shading during the grain filling period increases 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content in fragrant rice Mo et l. Rice (2015) 8:9 DOI 10.1186/s12284-015-0040-y RESEARCH Open Access Shding during the grin filling period increses 2-cetyl-1-pyrroline content in frgrnt rice Zhowen Mo 1,2,WuLi 3, Shenggng Pn 1,2,

More information

Improving Library Users' Perceived Quality, Satisfaction and Loyalty: An Integrated Measurement and Management System

Improving Library Users' Perceived Quality, Satisfaction and Loyalty: An Integrated Measurement and Management System Improving Librry Users' Perceived Qulity, Stisfction nd Loylty: An Integrted Mesurement nd Mngement System by Anne Mrtensen nd Lrs Gr0nholdt This rticle describes the development nd ppliction of structurl

More information

Rotating DC Motors Part II

Rotating DC Motors Part II Rotting Motors rt II II.1 Motor Equivlent Circuit The next step in our consiertion of motors is to evelop n equivlent circuit which cn be use to better unerstn motor opertion. The rmtures in rel motors

More information

2015 EDITION. AVMA Report on Veterinary Compensation

2015 EDITION. AVMA Report on Veterinary Compensation 2015 EDITION AVMA Report on Veterinry Compenstion AVMA Report on Veterinry Compenstion 2015 EDITION Copyright 2015 by the All rights reserved. ISBN-13: 978-1-882691-31-9 AVMA Report on Veterinry Compenstion

More information

Review Problems for the Final of Math 121, Fall 2014

Review Problems for the Final of Math 121, Fall 2014 Review Problems for the Finl of Mth, Fll The following is collection of vrious types of smple problems covering sections.,.5, nd.7 6.6 of the text which constitute only prt of the common Mth Finl. Since

More information

FDIC Study of Bank Overdraft Programs

FDIC Study of Bank Overdraft Programs FDIC Study of Bnk Overdrft Progrms Federl Deposit Insurnce Corportion November 2008 Executive Summry In 2006, the Federl Deposit Insurnce Corportion (FDIC) initited two-prt study to gther empiricl dt on

More information

Iron addition as a shallow lake restoration measure: impacts on charophyte growth

Iron addition as a shallow lake restoration measure: impacts on charophyte growth DOI 10.1007/s10750-011-0995-7 SHALLOW LAKE ECOSYSTEMS Iron ddition s shllow lke restortion mesure: impcts on chrophyte growth Anne K. Immers Msh T. Vn der Snde Rene M. Vn der Znde Jeroen J. M. Geurts Ellen

More information

Key words: extruded, snack, gelatinization, discarded avocados, proximal analysis

Key words: extruded, snack, gelatinization, discarded avocados, proximal analysis Proceedings VI World Avocdo Congress (Acts VI Congreso Mundil del Agucte) 2007. Viñ Del Mr, Chile. 12 16 Nov. 2007. ISBN No 978-956-17-0413-8. USE OF HASS AVOCADO (Perse mericn Mill.) SEED AS A PROCESSED

More information

A.7.1 Trigonometric interpretation of dot product... 324. A.7.2 Geometric interpretation of dot product... 324

A.7.1 Trigonometric interpretation of dot product... 324. A.7.2 Geometric interpretation of dot product... 324 A P P E N D I X A Vectors CONTENTS A.1 Scling vector................................................ 321 A.2 Unit or Direction vectors...................................... 321 A.3 Vector ddition.................................................

More information

Small Business Networking

Small Business Networking Why network is n essentil productivity tool for ny smll business Effective technology is essentil for smll businesses looking to increse the productivity of their people nd business. Introducing technology

More information

ACCOUNTING FACULTY RESEARCH COLLABORATION: A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BENEFITS AND GENDER DIFFERENCES

ACCOUNTING FACULTY RESEARCH COLLABORATION: A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BENEFITS AND GENDER DIFFERENCES Globl Perspectives on Accounting Eduction Volume 2, 2005, 19-36 ACCOUNTING FACULTY RESEARCH COLLABORATION: A STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BENEFITS AND GENDER DIFFERENCES Mry Jenne Welsh L Slle University Phildelphi,

More information

ARTICLE IN PRESS. i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f m e d i c a l i n f o r m a t i c s x x x ( 2 0 1 2 ) xxx xxx

ARTICLE IN PRESS. i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f m e d i c a l i n f o r m a t i c s x x x ( 2 0 1 2 ) xxx xxx IJB-2938; No. of Pges 12 i n t e r n t i o n l j o u r n l o f m e d i c l i n f o r m t i c s x x x ( 2 0 1 2 ) xxx xxx j ourn l homepge: www.ijmijournl.com Description nd comprison of qulity of electronic

More information

Graphs on Logarithmic and Semilogarithmic Paper

Graphs on Logarithmic and Semilogarithmic Paper 0CH_PHClter_TMSETE_ 3//00 :3 PM Pge Grphs on Logrithmic nd Semilogrithmic Pper OBJECTIVES When ou hve completed this chpter, ou should be ble to: Mke grphs on logrithmic nd semilogrithmic pper. Grph empiricl

More information

Redistributing the Gains from Trade through Non-linear. Lump-sum Transfers

Redistributing the Gains from Trade through Non-linear. Lump-sum Transfers Redistributing the Gins from Trde through Non-liner Lump-sum Trnsfers Ysukzu Ichino Fculty of Economics, Konn University April 21, 214 Abstrct I exmine lump-sum trnsfer rules to redistribute the gins from

More information

Power consumption In operation At rest For wire sizing. Rated impulse voltage Control pollution degree 3. Non-operating temperature

Power consumption In operation At rest For wire sizing. Rated impulse voltage Control pollution degree 3. Non-operating temperature echnicl dt sheet SRF2A-5(-O) Rotry ctutor with emergency function for utterfly vlves orque orue 2 2 2 m m m ominl voltge AC/DC 2 V Control Control Open-close Oen-close SRF2A-5 SRF2A-5 Deenergised C C SRF2A-5-O

More information

Appendix D: Completing the Square and the Quadratic Formula. In Appendix A, two special cases of expanding brackets were considered:

Appendix D: Completing the Square and the Quadratic Formula. In Appendix A, two special cases of expanding brackets were considered: Appendi D: Completing the Squre nd the Qudrtic Formul Fctoring qudrtic epressions such s: + 6 + 8 ws one of the topics introduced in Appendi C. Fctoring qudrtic epressions is useful skill tht cn help you

More information

Data replication in mobile computing

Data replication in mobile computing Technicl Report, My 2010 Dt repliction in mobile computing Bchelor s Thesis in Electricl Engineering Rodrigo Christovm Pmplon HALMSTAD UNIVERSITY, IDE SCHOOL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE, COMPUTER AND ELECTRICAL

More information

In addition, the following elements form an integral part of the Agency strike prevention plan:

In addition, the following elements form an integral part of the Agency strike prevention plan: UNITED STTES DEPRTMENT OF GRICULTURE Wshington, DC 20250 Federl Grin Inspection Service FGIS Directive 4711.2 6/16/80 STRIKE PREVENTION ND STRIKE CONTINGENCY PLNS I PURPOSE This Instruction: Estlishes

More information

Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Based Induction Motor with V/F Control

Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation Based Induction Motor with V/F Control Interntionl Journl of Science nd Reserch (IJSR) Spce Vector Pulse Width Modultion Bsed Induction Motor with V/F Control Vikrmrjn Jmbulingm Electricl nd Electronics Engineering, VIT University, Indi Abstrct:

More information

How To Study The Effects Of Music Composition On Children

How To Study The Effects Of Music Composition On Children C-crcs Cognitive - Counselling Reserch & Conference Services (eissn: 2301-2358) Volume I Effects of Music Composition Intervention on Elementry School Children b M. Hogenes, B. Vn Oers, R. F. W. Diekstr,

More information

Using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for remediation of aquaculture water

Using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens for remediation of aquaculture water Xie et l. SpringerPlus 13, 2:119 SpringerOpen Journl RESEARCH Open Access Using Bcillus myloliquefciens for remedition of quculture wter Fengxing Xie 2*, Ticheng Zhu 3, Fengfeng Zhng 2, Ke Zhou 2, Yujie

More information

MATERIALS AND METHODS Study area: This study was conducted in 2007 in an open-sided house with curtains at the University of

MATERIALS AND METHODS Study area: This study was conducted in 2007 in an open-sided house with curtains at the University of Interntionl Journl of Poultry Science 8 (1): 35-39, 2009 ISSN 1682-8356 Asin Network for Scientific Informtion, 2009 Effect of Different Feed Regimes During the Strter Stge on Productivity nd Crcss Chrcteristics

More information