Unit 5 Lesson 4 Jewish Beliefs and Texts

Transcription

1 Unit 5 Lesson 4 Jewish Beliefs and Texts

2 Lesson 4 Jewish Beliefs and Texts Fill in the Blank Read each sentence. Fill in the blank with the word from the word pair that best completes each sentence. 1. Jews practice, the belief in only one God. (commentaries/monotheism) 2. The central beliefs of Judaism are beliefs in God,, justice, and obedience. (education/folklore) 3. Jews believe in the idea of, which means to behave properly, even if other people do not. (Torah/righteousness) 4. is a system of laws that guides many areas of Jews daily lives, such as which foods Jews may eat. (Mosaic/Talmud) 5. The Hebrew name for God is. (Torah/Yahweh) 6. The, which consists of five books of laws and early history, is the most sacred text of Judaism. (Dead Sea Scrolls/Torah) 7. The is a set of commentaries, stories, and folklore that many Jews consider to be almost as significant to Judaism as the Hebrew Bible. (Mosaic/Talmud) 8. Scholars have learned about the lives of the early Jews by studying the, the first of which were found in (Mosaic/Dead Sea Scrolls) 9. Jews who strictly follow Mosaic law are called Jews. (Orthodox/righteous)

3 Generalization: Religious beliefs and values often impact the whole of a society Big Idea The central ideas and laws of Judaism are contained in sacred tests such as the Torah.

4 Jewish beliefs are the direct base for Jewish culture - central concepts - belief in God - education - justice and righteousness - observance of religious and moral law - draw conclusions Why do you think that education and study are so important in Judaism? Jews must learn about their religion and must learn to read and follow the laws.

5 Monotheism - Jews believe in only one God referred to as YHWH - believed to be the first monotheistic religion Education - central to Jewish life and the preservation of their culture - boys were educated but not girls Justice and Righteousness - Justice -- kindness and fairness - all deserve justice - aid to those in need - Righteousness doing what is proper

6 Observance of Religious and Moral Laws - believe that their laws were given to them by God - Ten Commandments is the most important - Mosaic Laws other laws recorded by Moses - guide daily life - including laws about food and preparation - kosher Laws today - Orthodox Jews still strictly follow Mosaic Law - Reform Jews do not follow many of the ancient laws - Conservative Jews in between the two other groups

7 Jewish Religious Texts - Torah - five books that contain most of their law - a history of the Jews until the death of Moses - Hebrew Bible - 3 parts Torah makes up the 1 st - 2 nd part 8 books from the prophets - 3 rd part 11 books of poetry, songs, stories, lessons and history - also contains proverbs and psalms - Commentaries - explanations written by scholars to explain the laws - many found in the Talmud - Talmud - commentaries and lessons for everyday life

8 Dead Sea Scrolls - analyze How have the Dead Sea Scroll affected Judaism? They have provided Jewish scholars with additional insights into the teachings of Judaism and into Jewish history.

9 Word Bank Abraham diaspora Exodus Moses rabbis Torah 1. Jewish leaders or teachers. 2. Five books containing Jewish laws and a history of the world. 3. Led the Hebrews on Exodus out of slavery in Egypt. 4. Scattering of Jews around the world. 5. Led the Hebrews out of Mesopotamia to Canaan. 6. Journey of Hebrews out of slavery in Egypt. Themes Geography politics religion society and culture 1. Dead Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Mt. Sinai, Babylon 2. Passover, prophets, rabbis, Rosh Hashanah, synagogues, Yom Kippur

10 Identifying Short- and Long-Term Effects Short-Term Long-Term The Exodus left Egypt provided Jews with a significant received Ten Commandments and culturally binding historical wandered through desert event, which they remember settled in Canaan during Passover The Babylonian Jews enslaved in Babylon After their release, many Jews Captivity for 50 years did not return and thus began what is called the Diaspora The expulsion of the Jews slowly dispersed changed nature of Judaism Jews from Jerusalem throughout Mediterranean led to creation of two Jewish region and rest of the cultural traditions world

11 Identifying Facts and Opinions - Identify each of the following statements as a fact or an opinion 1. Much of what we know about Jewish history comes from the work of archaeologists. 2. Archaeologists should spend more time studying Jewish history. 3. The Exodus is one of the most fascinating events in world history. 4. Until 1947, scholars did not know about the Dead Sea Scrolls. 5. Hanukkah is a Jewish holy day that takes place every December.