Jamesburg Earth Station

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Jamesburg Earth Station"

Transcription

1 Jamesburg Earth Station Summary The Jamesburg Earth Station (JES) is located near the Cachagua General Store, eleven miles east of Carmel Valley Village. From 1969 to1990 it played an important role in world-wide communications and brought significant historical events to the world. Transmissions covered all Apollo Program lunar landing missions including the video of Neil Armstrong s first step on the moon when he made his historic statement A small step for man but one giant leap for mankind. Among other historically significant transmissions were former President Richard Nixon s 1972 Beijing visit to Mao Zedong, President of the People s Republic of China, Elvis Presley s Aloha Concert from Hawaii, and the Tiananmen Square Tank Man episode. JES, with a 97 ft. antenna dish, was built in 1968 by the Comsat Corporation to support the Intelsat Corporation s first internationally-owned world-wide satellite communication system. The Intelsat network included geostationary satellites over the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans connecting with as many as 300 earth stations. JES, in a low-radio-interference location near the Pacific coast, communicated directly with satellites over the Pacific Ocean and via microwave network and landlines to places within the USA. JES was a key facility in the global communications network. Through its single dish- shaped antenna it handled a larger volume of satellite communications traffic than any other station in the Pacific region. Construction of JES began in 1967 and was rushed to completion in December 1968 to support the Apollo Moon Landing Program. The advent of digital communication equipment made the analog-equipped JES obsolete in about ten years. In 1988 Comsat sold JES to AT&T and commercial communications operations continued until In 2004 JES was sold to a private party and in 2005 much of the internal equipment was scrapped but the 97 ft. dish remained mechanically operational. Subsequently the facility was used briefly by ham radio operators to bounce signals off the moon and then in the search for extra-terrestrial intelligence (SETI). The facility is currently being leased by the Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, who are working with the U.S. government regarding possible future use of the facility. Construction The JES location enabled the 97 ft. dish to point directly at a stationary satellite positioned at an altitude of 22,240 miles above the Pacific Ocean. Even at such a height the satellite is seen just above the surrounding hills. In the early days of communications, satellite signals were extremely weak, requiring Earth Stations to be isolated from large urban populations and in valleys, shielded by surrounding hills. Jamesburg provided such a location. Construction of JES began in October 1967 and was rushed to enable support of the NASA Apollo missions and moon landings in early Commercial operations began on 1 Dec., The facility was completed at a cost of approximately $7 million.

2 JES is built on a 160 acre site. The main building is 22,718 sq. ft. with an 18,000 sq. ft. control room having 20 ft. high ceilings. Built during the Cold War, the building, with reinforced concrete 2 ft. thick walls and a 5 ft. thick roof, was designed to withstand a 5 megaton (5 million ton) nuclear blast----roughly 300 times the power of Little Boy and Fat Man, the atomic bombs which destroyed the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II. The 97 ft. diameter antenna (dish) sits atop a tower which, itself, is more than 100 ft. tall. The dish plus support structure weighed 150 tons and was automatically steered at a rate of 1 degree per second with a pointing accuracy of 100 th of a degree. For operations with geostationary satellites the maximum angular travel required was less than 4 degrees. To ensure uninterrupted operation due to power outages the facility had dual battery systems which would maintain operations until a diesel generator fueled from a 15,000 gallon tank activated in as little as 20 seconds. Satellite Communications JES was part of the Intelsat global communication system having as many as 300 Earth Stations and satellites in geostationary orbits above the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Intelsat, incorporating 18 countries, was formed in By early this century it incorporated more than 130 countries and territories, and 180 countries were receiving Intelsat communications. A satellite in geostationary orbit is at a fixed altitude of 22,240 miles with its orbital plane coinciding with the Earth s equatorial plane. It appears to be stationary to an observer on earth. The primary role of JES was to process and relay signals between a geostationary satellite above the Pacific Ocean and commercial and government centers in the United States. Signals between satellite and JES used the 97 ft. diameter parabolic dish. Between JES and other US centers, data travelled by land line and/or microwave systems. By 1976 JES was exchanging communications with Japan, the Philippines, China, Taiwan, Korea, Guam, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand and Hawaii. Signals from the satellite arriving at JES were very low power---a fraction of a watt. They were collected by the dish and amplified many millions of times before being transmitted to further destinations. Cryogenically-cooled amplifiers were cooled to 18 degrees Kelvin (about minus 442 degrees F) to minimize molecular noise which would otherwise swamp the signal. (At absolute zero, 0 degrees K or degrees F, molecular motion or noise theoretically becomes zero). JES was equipped with analog multiplex and FM carrier equipment, before digital equipment was developed. When operations began in 1968, JES was capable of simultaneously processing 12 TV and 5,000 telephone channels. At that time, satellite capability was 4 TV and 1,500 voice/data channels. By 1975/76, satellite capability had increased to 24 TV and 12,000 voice/data channels and by 1990 t0 3 TV and 120,000 voice/data channels.jes capability in 1992 was increased to 12 TV and 12,000 voice/data channels. The very rapid advances in digital communication systems capability and also in satellite power output (Intelsat III, 183 Watts,

3 1969; Int. IV, 600 W., 1971; Int V, 1800 W., 1981) resulted in JES becoming obsolete in less than 10 years. Much stronger signals from satellite to ground station enabled the ground station to use room-temperature amplifiers (no cryogenic cooling system required) and 42 ft. diameter dishes became standard. In the early 70 s JES operated 24/7 with a staff of 26, comprising four teams each with a supervisor and two technicians. By the early 90 s staffing had been reduced to 11 employees. AT& T took over commercial operations of JES in 1988 but operations were discontinued in Apollo Mission Support Apollo Mission Support (December 21, 1968 December 19, 1972) On May 25, 1961, President Kennedy and Congress committed the USA to landing a man on the Moon and returning him safely to earth before the end of the decade. This was at a time when the United States was trailing Russia in all aspects of manned space-travel and lunar exploration. The race to put a man on the moon was won by the U.S. All stages of the race were globally riveting events and were brought to the world by JES which was rushed to completion in December 1968 to support the Apollo missions. From Apollo 8 through 17 (December 1, 1968, to December 19, 1972) all Pacific Ocean recoveries and all lunar landings were supported by JES. Specifics of the more notable Apollo missions are identified here. Apollo 8. Lift-off on December 21, First manned mission with Saturn V launch vehicle (7.5 million lb. thrust). First humans to escape Earth s gravity and go into orbit around the Moon where they stayed for 20 hours. Millions of viewers on Earth watched spectacular black and white T.V. images and received greetings and Scripture readings on Christmas Eve. Splashdown and recovery occurred on December 27, Apollo 9. Lift-off was on March 3, The Lunar Module (LM) and the Command and Service Module (CSM) were tested in Earth orbit. Splashdown and recovery of the Command Module (CM) occurred on March 13, Apollo 10. Launched on May 18, 1969, astronauts flew the LM down to within 50,000 ft. of the lunar surface while the lunar orbiting CM awaited their return. Recovery occurred on May 26, Apollo 11. Launched on July 16, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped onto the Moon s surface on July 21 with the words, A small step for man but one giant leap for mankind. Video coverage of the event was received by Honeysuckle Creek Ground Station in Australia, sent to Sydney, then to Pacific Ocean satellite Intelsat III, then to JES and then on to Houston and the World. This video coverage, described as The most glorious moment of the space program and the most momentous television broadcast ever, (Alexis Madrigal, Atlantic Monthly, Feb. 2012), came to the world via JES. (Australians saw the event transmitted from Sydney about 6.5 seconds before the signal through JES was transmitted worldwide. An estimated one-fifth of the world s population watched the

4 video. Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin the second man on the moon and Mike Collins safely returned to Earth on July 24. Apollo 12. Launched on November 14, 1969, the lunar Module landed on November 19, 1969, in the Ocean of Storms near the unmanned spacecraft, Surveyor III, which had landed there on April 20, Astronauts Charles Conrad, Jr. and Alan L. Bean brought back to Earth about 22 lb. of Surveyor parts, including its T.V. camera. Historic Transmissions 1972 Winter Olympics in Japan (February 3-13) was the first world-wide live television coverage of the Olympics and probably of any sporting event. President Richard Nixon s visit, February 21-28, 1972, to the People s Republic of China was a very important step in normalizing relations between the two countries. It marked the first visit of a U.S. President to PRC, which at that time considered us to be an enemy, and ended 25 years of separation. Elvis Presley s Aloha concert from Hawaii on January 14, 1973, was the first solo concert televised to the world and claimed over 1 billion viewers. (Debatable). The promotion was inspired by the successful televising of the preceding visit of Nixon to China. (A historic event, not televised, was a visit to JES by a Chinese delegation for cultural/scientific exchange. It was sent by the first Prime Minister of China as a result of Nixon s visit to China.) JES played a significant role in bringing T.V. news coverage of the Vietnam War to the U. S. and the world. Live T.V. played a large part in building public anti-war sentiment which eventually led to the 1973 withdrawal of all U.S. troops from Vietnam. The Tiananmen Square, Beijing, confrontation between Chinese protestors and the government riveted the world s attention on June 3 and 4, The protestors were brutally put down, but one of the iconic images of the 20th century is that of a lone man, standing, on June 4, in front of a column of tanks, and temporarily stopping their advance to the square. Post Commercial Activities AT&T ceased commercial operations at JES in2002 and put the property up for sale. A private party bought JES in 2004 for $2 million and in 2005 removed the internal equipment. The 97 ft. dish remained mechanically functional. In 2007, 11 ham-radio operators spent several months modifying JES to enable them to send a signal to the Moon and listen for the echo from the lunar surface. The 97 ft. dish enabled the echoed voice messages to be clearly heard. Signal round-trip time was approximately 2.7 seconds.

5 In 2013 JES was leased by the Lone Signal Company and used in the Search for Extra- Terrestrial Intelligence (SETI). The plan was to transmit multitudes of short duration signals, each paid for by individual citizens, into deep space and listen for an intelligent reply. The price of a signal was set at 25 cents. Lone Star hoped to generate enough revenue to construct a world-wide network of dishes to supplement JES. The signals were aimed at a red dwarf star, GLIESE 526, in the Bootes constellation, 17.6 light years away. Round trip signal time was a minimum of 35 years. Continuous signal transmission began on 17 June, The Lone Star operation closed down in less than a year. In 2012 JES was put back on the market. Currently it is being leased by the Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, who are working with the U.S. government regarding possible future use of the facility.

Another Giant Leap. for Mankind. Lesson Development

Another Giant Leap. for Mankind. Lesson Development Lesson Development Apollo capsule (Image: NASA) Earth (Image: NASA) Instructional Objectives Students will decompose a geometric shape into smaller parts; apply the appropriate formulas for various geometric

More information

Space Exploration. A Visual History. Philip Stooke

Space Exploration. A Visual History. Philip Stooke Space Exploration A Visual History Philip Stooke It all began with Sputnik 4 th October 1957 It all began with Sputnik 4 th October 1957 It all began with Sputnik 4 th October 1957 and Laika Laika on the

More information

The Apollo Program. PTYS 395 October 9, 2008 Sarah Mattson

The Apollo Program. PTYS 395 October 9, 2008 Sarah Mattson The Apollo Program PTYS 395 October 9, 2008 Sarah Mattson May 25, 1961 President Kennedy announces the Apollo Program. The goal was to put a man on the Moon, and return him safely to Earth, by the end

More information

Sputnik and the Space Race. By: AJ Scangamor and Joseph Reed

Sputnik and the Space Race. By: AJ Scangamor and Joseph Reed Sputnik and the Space Race By: AJ Scangamor and Joseph Reed Background After WWII ended the Cold War had just begun. Within this war between two great powers competed in the battle of the Space Race, the

More information

Video Transcript for Archival Research Catalog (ARC) Identifier 45017

Video Transcript for Archival Research Catalog (ARC) Identifier 45017 The Eagle Has Landed 1969 Ed Aldrin: Contact light. Okay. Engine stop. ACA out of detent. Mode control both auto. Descent engine command override off. Engine alarm off. 413 is in. Capsule Communicator

More information

Saturn V Straw Rocket

Saturn V Straw Rocket Saturn V Straw Rocket Saturn V Rocket Activity Background Information As part of our NASA Tram Tour, you have the opportunity to view a Saturn V Rocket at our Rocket Park. This particular rocket was slated

More information

It is 1969 and three Apollo 11

It is 1969 and three Apollo 11 The Man Who Went to the Far Side of the Moon by Bea Uusma Schyffert Reading Level (Lexile) 850L Format/Length Biography, 80 pages Picture Support Photos, diagrams, and illustrations Language Register Middle

More information

GRAVITY CONCEPTS. Gravity is the universal force of attraction between all matter

GRAVITY CONCEPTS. Gravity is the universal force of attraction between all matter IT S UNIVERSAL GRAVITY CONCEPTS Gravity is the universal force of attraction between all matter Weight is a measure of the gravitational force pulling objects toward Earth Objects seem weightless when

More information

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SATELLITE COMMUNICATION By Gaurish Kumar Tripathi. 1.0 INTRODUCTION: The use of satellite in communication system is very much a fact of everyday in life. This is evidence by the many homes, which are

More information

Navy Communications Satellite Program Office (PMW 146)

Navy Communications Satellite Program Office (PMW 146) Navy Communications Satellite Program Office (PMW 146) Mobile User Objective System () Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited (8 February 2012) CAPT Paul Ghyzel Program Manager

More information

A long time ago, people looked

A long time ago, people looked Supercool Space Tools! By Linda Hermans-Killam A long time ago, people looked into the dark night sky and wondered about the stars, meteors, comets and planets they saw. The only tools they had to study

More information

2. Orbits. FER-Zagreb, Satellite communication systems 2011/12

2. Orbits. FER-Zagreb, Satellite communication systems 2011/12 2. Orbits Topics Orbit types Kepler and Newton laws Coverage area Influence of Earth 1 Orbit types According to inclination angle Equatorial Polar Inclinational orbit According to shape Circular orbit

More information

Second International Symposium on Advanced Radio Technologies Boulder Co, September 8-10, 1999

Second International Symposium on Advanced Radio Technologies Boulder Co, September 8-10, 1999 Second International Symposium on Advanced Radio Technologies Boulder Co, September 8-10, 1999 Overview of Satellite Communications Tim Pratt Center for Wireless Telecommunications Virginia Tech History

More information

CME 574 Satellite Communications

CME 574 Satellite Communications CME 574 Satellite Communications Fall, 2007 Dr Hazem Al-Otum Ref. Ellwood Brem, Instructor To orbit the Earth is to fall down and miss the ground! Topics we will cover: History Satellite Mechanics Orbital

More information

PUSD High Frequency Word List

PUSD High Frequency Word List PUSD High Frequency Word List For Reading and Spelling Grades K-5 High Frequency or instant words are important because: 1. You can t read a sentence or a paragraph without knowing at least the most common.

More information

ANALOG SATELLITE COMMUNICATION : Introduction, Base band analog (Voice) signal,

ANALOG SATELLITE COMMUNICATION : Introduction, Base band analog (Voice) signal, Section-A PRINCIPLES OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATION: Evolution & growth of communication satellite, Synchronous satellite, Satellite frequency allocation & Band spectrum, advantages of satellite communication,

More information

Name Class Date. true

Name Class Date. true Exercises 131 The Falling Apple (page 233) 1 Describe the legend of Newton s discovery that gravity extends throughout the universe According to legend, Newton saw an apple fall from a tree and realized

More information

ACCESS CHARGE A fee charged subscribers or other telephone companies by a local exchange carrier for the use of its local exchange networks.

ACCESS CHARGE A fee charged subscribers or other telephone companies by a local exchange carrier for the use of its local exchange networks. Glossary of Telecommunications Terms (Source: Federal Communications Commission) ACCESS CHARGE A fee charged subscribers or other telephone companies by a local exchange carrier for the use of its local

More information

What Does Communication (or Telecommunication) Mean?

What Does Communication (or Telecommunication) Mean? What Does Communication (or Telecommunication) Mean? The term communication (or telecommunication) means the transfer of some form of information from one place (known as the source of information) to

More information

What s better than a milliondollar

What s better than a milliondollar F o r k i d s o f a l l a g e s BY MEMORIE YASUDA What s better than a milliondollar view from the top of a skyscraper? Try a multimillion-dollar view from a satellite flying around Earth. A satellite

More information

Inhibition of an Arms Race in Outer Space

Inhibition of an Arms Race in Outer Space Inhibition of an Arms Race in Outer Space Introduction Jinseong Joo The exploration and use of outer space shall be for peaceful purposes and should be carried out for the benefit and in the interest of

More information

Sources of Space Policy and Law

Sources of Space Policy and Law Sources of Space Policy and Law Custom Domestic and International Laws Treaties and Agreements Policy Statements and Directives - Presidential - DoD and The Armed Services - Other Government Organizations

More information

Satellite technology

Satellite technology Satellite technology Overview What is a satellite? The key elements of orbital position Satellite manufacturers and design The components of a satellite: payload and bus Digital versus analogue How do

More information

Firstly, I would like to thank the organizers of this symposium for

Firstly, I would like to thank the organizers of this symposium for Keynote Address by former Prime Minister of Malaysia Are We Really Civilized? Make War a Crime Mahathir bin Mohamad Firstly, I would like to thank the organizers of this symposium for this opportunity

More information

SATELLITE TECHNOLOGIES. Communications satellites have redefined our world. Satellites and other modern

SATELLITE TECHNOLOGIES. Communications satellites have redefined our world. Satellites and other modern Amanda Stokes COMM 421 Textbook Paper SATELLITE TECHNOLOGIES Communications satellites have redefined our world. Satellites and other modern telecommunications networks, together with TV, have now altered

More information

What, Why and How. Hosted Payloads: A guide to commercially hosted government payloads from the Hosted Payload Alliance. www.hostedpayloadalliance.

What, Why and How. Hosted Payloads: A guide to commercially hosted government payloads from the Hosted Payload Alliance. www.hostedpayloadalliance. Hosted Payloads: What, Why and How A guide to commercially hosted government payloads from the Hosted Payload Alliance The Hosted Payload Alliance (HPA) is a satellite industry alliance formed in 2011

More information

Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Entity resources and planned performance

Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Entity resources and planned performance Australian Broadcasting Corporation Entity resources and planned performance 43 AUSTRALIAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION Section 1: Entity overview and resources... 47 1.1 Strategic direction statement...

More information

BMS Digital Microwave Solutions for National Security & Defense

BMS Digital Microwave Solutions for National Security & Defense BMS Digital Microwave Solutions for National Security & Defense Broadcast Microwave Services, Inc. P.O. Box 84630 San Diego, CA 92138 Phone: +1.800.669.9667 Email: sales@bms-inc.com Web: www.bms-inc.com

More information

Motion & The Global Positioning System (GPS)

Motion & The Global Positioning System (GPS) Grade Level: K - 8 Subject: Motion Prep Time: < 10 minutes Duration: 30 minutes Objective: To learn how to analyze GPS data in order to track an object and derive its velocity from positions and times.

More information

CHEIA Satellite Communication Center

CHEIA Satellite Communication Center Opened in October 1976,, from Prahova region, Romania, is the largest teleport in Central and South-eastern Europe. Located in a unique natural environment in the country due to the mountainous relief

More information

Nixon s Foreign Policy

Nixon s Foreign Policy 1 Nixon s Foreign Policy 2 TEKS 1, 24, 24(G), 26 3 Listen 4 5 Listen 6 Listen 7 8 Listen After a period of confrontation, we are entering an era of negotiation. Let all nations know that during this administration

More information

Satellite Basics. Benefits of Satellite

Satellite Basics. Benefits of Satellite Satellite Basics Benefits of Satellite People need access to enterprise-class, high-speed voice, video and data applications wherever they happen to be. Satellite connectivity has the power to drive communications

More information

Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation

Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation Newton s Law of Universal Gravitation The greatest moments in science are when two phenomena that were considered completely separate suddenly are seen as just two different versions of the same thing.

More information

Investigating Lunar Phases

Investigating Lunar Phases LESSON 5 Investigating Lunar Phases INTRODUCTION At certain times of the month, the Moon seems to rise over the horizon right before the Sun appears. When this apparent chase begins, the Moon usually looks

More information

Who is ABC Asia Pacific?

Who is ABC Asia Pacific? ABC Asia Pacific OUR HISTORY AND AUDIENCE AUDIENCE RESEARCH PROGRAMMING MIX SUPPORTING EDUCATION TRANSMISSION DISTRIBUTION ONLINE MARKETING & PROMOTIONS ADVERTISING WITH US FUTURE DIRECTIONS Who is ABC

More information

3.4 SCS Technologies for Container Integrity: Track/Trace or Positioning technologies

3.4 SCS Technologies for Container Integrity: Track/Trace or Positioning technologies 3.4 SCS Technologies for Container Integrity: Track/Trace or Positioning technologies It seems evident that if authorities are concerned about the potential misuse of containers by criminals or terrorists,

More information

DIRECT TO HOME TELEVISION (DTH)

DIRECT TO HOME TELEVISION (DTH) DIRECT TO HOME TELEVISION (DTH) Today, most satellite TV customers in developed television markets get their programming through a direct broadcast satellite (DBS) provider, such as DISH TV or DTH platform.

More information

AIAA-2004-5820 Distributed Operation of a Military Research Micro Satellite Using the Internet

AIAA-2004-5820 Distributed Operation of a Military Research Micro Satellite Using the Internet AIAA-2004-5820 Distributed Operation of a Military Research Micro Satellite Using the Internet Chris Jackson * Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd., Guildford, England, GU2 7XH, UK Major Timothy J. Lawrence,

More information

8. Communications Subsystem

8. Communications Subsystem PM-1.1-03 Rev C 8. Communications Subsystem The GOES-NOP spacecraft communications subsystem provides requisite conditioning, transmission, reception, and routing of mission data signals and telemetry

More information

Thursday 23 May 2013 Morning

Thursday 23 May 2013 Morning THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION H Thursday 23 May 2013 Morning GCSE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE PHYSICS A A181/02 Modules P1 P2 P3 (Higher Tier) *A137270613* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. A calculator

More information

The Space Shuttle: Teacher s Guide

The Space Shuttle: Teacher s Guide The Space Shuttle: Teacher s Guide Grade Level: 6-8 Curriculum Focus: Astronomy/Space Lesson Duration: Two class periods Program Description This video, divided into four segments, explores scientists'

More information

ELEMENTS OF CABLE TELEVISION

ELEMENTS OF CABLE TELEVISION 1 ELEMENTS OF CABLE TELEVISION Introduction Cable television, from its inception, developed in western countries into two separate systems called Master Antenna Television (MATV) and Community Cable Television

More information

TRANSITION IN THE BROADCASTING SERVICES AND STATION BUILDINGS OF THE JAPAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION

TRANSITION IN THE BROADCASTING SERVICES AND STATION BUILDINGS OF THE JAPAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION 01-076 The 2005 World Sustainable Building Conference, TRANSITION IN THE BROADCASTING SERVICES AND STATION BUILDINGS OF THE JAPAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION Hiroaki SATO 1 Kenji KAYANUMA 2 1 2 Engineering

More information

BASICS OF C & Ku BAND TRANSMISSIONS & LNBs

BASICS OF C & Ku BAND TRANSMISSIONS & LNBs Page 1 of 6 BASICS OF C & Ku BAND TRANSMISSIONS & LNBs A satellite broadcasts a few watts of microwave signals from the geostationary orbit 36,000 kilometers above the earth. The transmissions are also

More information

Evolution of Satellite Communication Systems

Evolution of Satellite Communication Systems Mathieu DERVIN Brussels, 6th May 2015 Brussels, May 2015 Agenda I. From Sputnik to wideband satellite services: The key technological evolutions II. Increase the satellite system capacity: A global system

More information

STAMPS SATELLITE BEACH LOCAL POST Established by Robert Rank

STAMPS SATELLITE BEACH LOCAL POST Established by Robert Rank STAMPS SATELLITE BEACH LOCAL POST Established by Robert Rank Compiled by Joan Newcomb jnewcomb@tampabay.rr.com CK = Cape Kennedy Local Post SB = Satellite Beach Local Post P = I = Nov. 22, 1964 Set C Peaceful

More information

Mobile Communications Chapter 5: Satellite Systems

Mobile Communications Chapter 5: Satellite Systems Mobile Communications Chapter 5: Satellite Systems History Basics Localization Handover Routing Systems History of satellite communication 1945 Arthur C. Clarke publishes an essay about Extra Terrestrial

More information

Look at Our Galaxy. by Eve Beck. Space and Technology. Scott Foresman Reading Street 2.1.2

Look at Our Galaxy. by Eve Beck. Space and Technology. Scott Foresman Reading Street 2.1.2 Suggested levels for Guided Reading, DRA, Lexile, and Reading Recovery are provided in the Pearson Scott Foresman Leveling Guide. Space and Technology Look at Our Galaxy Genre Expository nonfiction Comprehension

More information

DIRECT TO HOME TELEVISION SCOPE IN PAKISTAN

DIRECT TO HOME TELEVISION SCOPE IN PAKISTAN Cable TV & Direct to Home Television Scope in Pakistan 1 DIRECT TO HOME TELEVISION SCOPE IN PAKISTAN Cable TV & Direct to Home Television Scope in Pakistan Engr. Usman Muhammad Ali, Engr. Muhammad Farooq

More information

Mobile Communications: Satellite Systems

Mobile Communications: Satellite Systems Mobile Communications: Satellite Systems Mobile Communication: Satellite Systems - Jochen Schiller http://www.jochenschiller.de 1 History of satellite communication 1945 Arthur C. Clarke publishes an essay

More information

DVB-T Television Repeater Jim Andrews, KH6HTV

DVB-T Television Repeater Jim Andrews, KH6HTV AN-23 DTV Rptr.doc (6/1/2015) p. 1 of 5 Application Note AN-23 June, 2015 DVB-T Television Repeater Jim Andrews, KH6HTV Fig. 1 A 70cm, Digital TV Repeater, block diagram. The FCC allows licensed amateur

More information

Receiving Saorview Digital Terrestrial Television

Receiving Saorview Digital Terrestrial Television Receiving Saorview Digital Terrestrial Television Introduction RTÉ NL Nutley Building Donnybrook Dublin 4 Tel: 01-2082223 Fax: 01-2082283 Email: rtenl@rte.ie Web: www.rtenl.ie Saorview s Digital Terrestrial

More information

1. Soaring Through Our Solar System By Laura G. Smith

1. Soaring Through Our Solar System By Laura G. Smith 1. Soaring Through Our Solar System By Laura G. Smith 1 Five, four, three, two, one... BLAST OFF! Come along as we explore our solar system! If we were flying high above the Earth, what would you see?

More information

DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION AND CURRENT ANALOG TV RECEPTION A GUIDE FOR Bowen Town

DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION AND CURRENT ANALOG TV RECEPTION A GUIDE FOR Bowen Town DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL TELEVISION AND CURRENT ANALOG TV RECEPTION A GUIDE FOR Bowen Town This brochure has been prepared by all local commercial television stations, the ABC and SBS to assist television viewers

More information

1. Introduction. FER-Zagreb, Satellite communication systems 2011/12

1. Introduction. FER-Zagreb, Satellite communication systems 2011/12 1. Introduction Topics History Characteristics of satellite communications Frequencies Application 1 History Arthur C. Clark suggested in 1945. Earth coverage with 3 geostationary satellites. On 4th of

More information

TOPO Trajectory Operations Officer

TOPO Trajectory Operations Officer ISS Live! was developed at NASA s Johnson Space Center (JSC) under NASA Contracts NNJ14RA02C and NNJ11HA14C wherein the U.S. Government retains certain rights. Console Handbook TOPO Trajectory Operations

More information

NJ Physics Professor Has the 'Right Stuff' Valorie Sands

NJ Physics Professor Has the 'Right Stuff' Valorie Sands NJ Physics Professor Has the Right Stuff NJ Physics Professor Has the 'Right Stuff' Valorie Sands In 2005, Dr. Greg Olsen became the third person ever to travel into outer space as a private citizen. Unlike

More information

APPENDIX 8 UTILITIES INVENTORY AND EXISTING CONDITIONS

APPENDIX 8 UTILITIES INVENTORY AND EXISTING CONDITIONS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN APPENDIX 8 UTILITIES INVENTORY AND EXISTING CONDITIONS APPENDIX 8 UTILITIES INVENTORY AND EXISTING CONDITIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 8.1 ELECTRICITY 8.1.1 Existing Conditions...

More information

The Implication of TMD System in Japan to China s Security

The Implication of TMD System in Japan to China s Security The Sixth ISODARCO Beijing Seminar on Arms Control October 29-Novermber 1, 1998 Shanghai, China The Implication of TMD System in Japan to China s Security Institute of World Economics & Politics Chinese

More information

Experience Matters...

Experience Matters... Experience Matters... Travelport Data Center offers confidence and space to meet your demanding IT needs Transwestern presents the Travelport Data Center in Denver, Colorado totaling 267,000 SF with 121,600

More information

5GRADE Opinion Genre

5GRADE Opinion Genre 5GRADE Opinion Genre All items contained in this Assesslet are the property of the Georgia Center for Assessment. Items may be used for formative purposes by the customer within their school setting. Forms

More information

Truck Automation for the Ready Mixed Concrete Industry. Michael J. Hoagland (205) 879-3282 ext. 1164 mhoagland@commandalkon.com

Truck Automation for the Ready Mixed Concrete Industry. Michael J. Hoagland (205) 879-3282 ext. 1164 mhoagland@commandalkon.com Truck Automation for the Ready Mixed Concrete Industry Michael J. Hoagland (205) 879-3282 ext. 1164 mhoagland@commandalkon.com Session Agenda What is GPS and How does it work? Auto Signaling Explained

More information

1: LISTENING You will hear the interview with a famous tennis player Steffi Graff.

1: LISTENING You will hear the interview with a famous tennis player Steffi Graff. TASK 1: LISTENING You will hear the interview with a famous tennis player Steffi Graff. For questions (1-12) fill in the gaps with one or two words. You have 45 seconds to look through the task. You will

More information

Technology That Delivers Reliable Communications When Disaster Strikes

Technology That Delivers Reliable Communications When Disaster Strikes Technology That Delivers Reliable Communications When Disaster Strikes white paper white paper Technology That Delivers Reliable Communications When Disaster Strikes 2 Introduction By 2010, it is estimated

More information

MEASAT Satellite Systems Sdn. Bhd.

MEASAT Satellite Systems Sdn. Bhd. MEASAT Satellite Systems Sdn. Bhd. Business Continuity Planning in the Satellite Industry August 2010 Regional Satellite Operator of the Year Excellence in Satellite Management September 2008 1 MEASAT

More information

Computers Are Your Future. 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc.

Computers Are Your Future. 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Computers Are Your Future 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. Computers Are Your Future Chapter 3 Wired and Wireless Communication 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc Slide 2 What You Will Learn... ü The definition of bandwidth

More information

Science Investigations: Investigating Astronomy Teacher s Guide

Science Investigations: Investigating Astronomy Teacher s Guide Teacher s Guide Grade Level: 6 12 Curriculum Focus: Astronomy/Space Duration: 7 segments; 66 minutes Program Description This library of videos contains seven segments on celestial bodies and related science.

More information

The Importance of the Global C-band Allocation for Satellite Communications Services

The Importance of the Global C-band Allocation for Satellite Communications Services FOUNTAIN COURT, 2 VICTORIA SQ., ST ALBANS HERTFORDSHIRE, AL1 3TF, ENGLAND TELEPHONE:+1 202 390 1885 EMAIL: david.hartshorn@gvf.org WEBSITE: www.gvf.org The Importance of the Global C-band Allocation for

More information

RECOMMENDATION ITU-R S.524-5. (Questions ITU-R 48/4 and ITU-R 70/4)

RECOMMENDATION ITU-R S.524-5. (Questions ITU-R 48/4 and ITU-R 70/4) Rec. ITU-R S.524-5 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R S.524-5 MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE LEVELS OF OFF-AXIS e.i.r.p. DENSITY FROM EARTH STATIONS IN THE FIXED-SATELLITE SERVICE TRANSMITTING IN THE 6 AND 14 GHz FREQUENCY BANDS

More information

CRS Report for Congress

CRS Report for Congress Order Code RS21720 Updated December 10, 2004 CRS Report for Congress Received through the CRS Web Space Exploration: Overview of President Bush s Vision for Space Exploration, and Key Issues for Congress

More information

Module 5. Broadcast Communication Networks. Version 2 CSE IIT, Kharagpur

Module 5. Broadcast Communication Networks. Version 2 CSE IIT, Kharagpur Module 5 Broadcast Communication Networks Lesson 10 Satellite Networks Specific Instructional Objectives At the end of this lesson, the student will be able to: Explain different type of satellite orbits

More information

Use the following information to deduce that the gravitational field strength at the surface of the Earth is approximately 10 N kg 1.

Use the following information to deduce that the gravitational field strength at the surface of the Earth is approximately 10 N kg 1. IB PHYSICS: Gravitational Forces Review 1. This question is about gravitation and ocean tides. (b) State Newton s law of universal gravitation. Use the following information to deduce that the gravitational

More information

ACTIVITY 6: Falling Objects

ACTIVITY 6: Falling Objects UNIT FM Developing Ideas ACTIVITY 6: Falling Objects Purpose and Key Question You developed your ideas about how the motion of an object is related to the forces acting on it using objects that move horizontally.

More information

Quest- 1 Satellite Functional Description

Quest- 1 Satellite Functional Description Quest- 1 Satellite Functional Description Overview The Quest- 1 Satellite is based on the CubeSat Standard that measures 10 cm x 10 cm x 10 cm and weighs less than 1.33 kilograms. The Quest- 1 Satellite

More information

1. INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Background and Motivation. 1.2 The Digital Television Era

1. INTRODUCTION. 1.1 Background and Motivation. 1.2 The Digital Television Era 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background and Motivation Despite unprecedented growth in the worldwide expansion of the internet, it is television that remains the most global and powerful of media. According to

More information

WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION FROM SPACE

WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION FROM SPACE WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION FROM SPACE Gp Capt PA Patil Research Fellow, CAPS China is considering the concept of placing solar panels spanning an area equivalent to a small town aboard the largest-ever

More information

Physics PH1FP. (Jun15PH1FP01) General Certificate of Secondary Education Foundation Tier June 2015. Unit Physics P1. Unit Physics P1 TOTAL

Physics PH1FP. (Jun15PH1FP01) General Certificate of Secondary Education Foundation Tier June 2015. Unit Physics P1. Unit Physics P1 TOTAL Centre Number Surname Candidate Number For Examiner s Use Other Names Candidate Signature Examiner s Initials Question Mark Science A Unit Physics P1 Physics Unit Physics P1 Friday 12 June 2015 General

More information

Hacking a Bird in the Sky

Hacking a Bird in the Sky Hacking a Bird in the Sky 2.0 Exploiting Satellite Trust Relationship Jim Geovedi jim.geovedi@bellua.com Raditya Iryandi raditya.iryandi@bellua.com Anthony Zboralski anthony.zboralski@bellua.com Disclaimer

More information

Hacking a Bird in the Sky

Hacking a Bird in the Sky Hacking a Bird in the Sky Hijacking Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) Connections Jim Geovedi and Raditya Iryandi BELLUA ASIA PACIFIC Disclaimer This presentation is intended to demonstrate the inherent

More information

Mobile Computing. Chapter 5: Satellite Systems

Mobile Computing. Chapter 5: Satellite Systems Mobile Computing Chapter 5: Satellite Systems Prof. Sang-Jo Yoo History of satellite communication 1945 Arthur C. Clarke publishes an essay about Extra Terrestrial Relays 1957 First satellite SPUTNIK by

More information

VAST. Satellite Digital TV.

VAST. Satellite Digital TV. VAST (Viewer Access Satellite Television) Satellite Digital TV. Compiled and written by Ronald H Tew of The Wandering Tews Issue 7, 22 nd January 2011. Web site: www.wanderingtews.com Web sites to check

More information

MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICES (MSS) REPORT

MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICES (MSS) REPORT PSWN Public Safety Wireless Network MOBILE SATELLITE SERVICES (MSS) REPORT PSWN 1 Mobile Satellite Service Foreword This report is a primer for interested parties to become more familiar with the various

More information

Connecting the World from the Sky

Connecting the World from the Sky Connecting the World from the Sky Last August, Facebook partnered with leading technology companies to launch Internet.org a global effort to make affordable basic internet services available to everyone

More information

COMMUNICATIONS AND MULTIMEDIA ACT 1998 NOTIFICATION OF ISSUANCE OF CLASS ASSIGNMENTS

COMMUNICATIONS AND MULTIMEDIA ACT 1998 NOTIFICATION OF ISSUANCE OF CLASS ASSIGNMENTS COMMUNICATIONS AND MULTIMEDIA ACT 1998 NOTIFICATION OF ISSUANCE OF CLASS ASSIGNMENTS IN exercise of the powers conferred by section 169 of the Communications and Multimedia Act 1998 [Act 588], the Commission

More information

FOR EXISTING 254-FOOT COMMUNICATIONS TOWER 16700 Skyline Drive La Habra Heights California

FOR EXISTING 254-FOOT COMMUNICATIONS TOWER 16700 Skyline Drive La Habra Heights California MASTER PLAN FOR EXISTING 254-FOOT COMMUNICATIONS TOWER 16700 Skyline Drive La Habra Heights California PROPERTY OWNER: Coast Community College District 1370 Adams Avenue Costa Mesa, CA 92626 Attn: Richard

More information

Greg Keel P.Eng. Parallel Geo Services gkeel@nanaimo.ark.com

Greg Keel P.Eng. Parallel Geo Services gkeel@nanaimo.ark.com Greg Keel P.Eng. Parallel Geo Services gkeel@nanaimo.ark.com Presentation Outline GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System GPS: overview, current signals, modernization GLONASS: history (rise fall rise),

More information

STATE TAX COMMISSION OF MISSOURI ASSESSOR MANUAL

STATE TAX COMMISSION OF MISSOURI ASSESSOR MANUAL STATE TAX COMMISSION OF MISSOURI ASSESSOR MANUAL CHAPTER: REVISION DATE: 7/1/2012 Page 1 of 7 7.2 This section includes an introduction to CATV systems, a review of the description of a system, governmental

More information

Jumbo Atomic Clock. Model 86931 With Indoor Temperature Instruction Manual THE SKYSCAN ATOMIC CLOCK

Jumbo Atomic Clock. Model 86931 With Indoor Temperature Instruction Manual THE SKYSCAN ATOMIC CLOCK Jumbo Atomic Clock Model 86931 With Indoor Temperature Instruction Manual THE SKYSCAN ATOMIC CLOCK With the SkyScan Atomic Clock, you have the most accurate timepiece within the continent. It can receive

More information

State of the Satellite Industry Report

State of the Satellite Industry Report State of the Satellite Industry Report June 2012 Sponsored by the Prepared by Futron Corporation SIA Member Companies as of June 2012 2 Study Overview Based on year-end 2011 annual statistics from key

More information

Solar System Facts & Fun

Solar System Facts & Fun Solar System Facts & Fun Space is such a fascinating place. God put the Earth in just the right place so everything was just right for life as we know it. Have you ever wondered about the other planets

More information

Mission To Mars! A dialogue activity for upper KS2

Mission To Mars! A dialogue activity for upper KS2 Mission To Mars! A dialogue activity for upper KS2 Teacher s Sheet Mission to Mars: Dialogue activity for upper KS2 Part One: As a class or in groups. pupils read the Fact or Fiction cards. On each card

More information

TIDES. 1. Tides are the regular rise and fall of sea level that occurs either once a day (every 24.8 hours) or twice a day (every 12.4 hours).

TIDES. 1. Tides are the regular rise and fall of sea level that occurs either once a day (every 24.8 hours) or twice a day (every 12.4 hours). TIDES What causes tides? How are tides predicted? 1. Tides are the regular rise and fall of sea level that occurs either once a day (every 24.8 hours) or twice a day (every 12.4 hours). Tides are waves

More information

BR Workshop on the efficient use of the spectrum/orbit resource (Geneva, 6 May 2009)

BR Workshop on the efficient use of the spectrum/orbit resource (Geneva, 6 May 2009) BR Workshop on the efficient use of the spectrum/orbit resource (Geneva, 6 May 2009) Spectrum inefficiencies resulting from the claimed use of steerable beams, multiple beams or large coverage area beams

More information

Newton s Laws of Motion

Newton s Laws of Motion Newton s Laws of Motion The Earth revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit. The moon orbits the Earth in the same way. But what keeps the Earth and the moon in orbit? Why don t they just fly off

More information

WEIGHTLESS WONDER Reduced Gravity Flight

WEIGHTLESS WONDER Reduced Gravity Flight WEIGHTLESS WONDER Reduced Gravity Flight Instructional Objectives Students will use trigonometric ratios to find vertical and horizontal components of a velocity vector; derive a formula describing height

More information

SPACE EXPLORATION BYU Merit Badge PowWow Official Merit Badge Worksheet

SPACE EXPLORATION BYU Merit Badge PowWow Official Merit Badge Worksheet SPACE EXPLORATION BYU Merit Badge PowWow Official Merit Badge Worksheet Scout's Name Instructor's Name Scout's Address City State Zip Instructions 1) The Scout is to review the merit badge book before

More information

Exam # 1 Thu 10/06/2010 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti

Exam # 1 Thu 10/06/2010 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti Exam # 1 Thu 10/06/2010 Astronomy 100/190Y Exploring the Universe Fall 11 Instructor: Daniela Calzetti INSTRUCTIONS: Please, use the `bubble sheet and a pencil # 2 to answer the exam questions, by marking

More information

Understanding the altimeter

Understanding the altimeter Understanding the altimeter What you see isn't always what you have by Jack Willams Flying is an adventure for most pilots--sometimes more adventure than they really want. A pilot's report to Canada's

More information

FAQ. Q: What do you do on the International Space Station (ISS)? Q: How fast and how high do you go? Q: How long are the missions?

FAQ. Q: What do you do on the International Space Station (ISS)? Q: How fast and how high do you go? Q: How long are the missions? Q: What do you do on the International Space Station (ISS)? A: Astronauts and cosmonauts on the space station stay busy. There s lots of work to operate the many science experiments on board. The crew

More information

Elements of Physics Motion, Force, and Gravity Teacher s Guide

Elements of Physics Motion, Force, and Gravity Teacher s Guide Teacher s Guide Grade Level: 9 12 Curriculum Focus: Physical Science Lesson Duration: Three class periods Program Description Examine Isaac Newton's laws of motion, the four fundamental forces of the universe,

More information