In developing appropriate investment strategies, one of the most important considerations is risk tolerance.
|
|
- Dominic Sims
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Investment Risk Explained Introduction In developing appropriate investment strategies, one of the most important considerations is risk tolerance. Risk is an unavoidable part of the investment process. It may be controlled by careful portfolio construction but it can never be eliminated. Even cautious investors who believe there is no risk in a building society investment are exposed to the risk that the net interest rate will not match the rate of inflation so that the real value of their capital is eroded. There is an additional risk that only the first 85,000 of capital is protected in the event of collapse of the financial institution. Investment Sectors Risk Scores 1-10 We consider three principal factors when determining the risk score of each individual investment sector e.g. UK Gilt, UK Equity Income, Global Equity etc. 1: Volatility. Volatility is a measure of price fluctuation often quoted as Standard Deviation and this is described in more detail later in this document. In simple terms, higher standard deviation means higher volatility (i.e. greater price fluctuation). Increasing volatility infers greater potential losses and profits. A cash fund will typically have very low volatility whilst an emerging market equity fund will exhibit high volatility. The 3 year standard deviation of each investment category is specified in Table 2. 2: Historic Losses. Table 2 gives the discrete annual performance (%) for each category of investment. Worst years are shown in red and best years are shown in blue. 3: Security. In considering risk we also look at the security of a particular asset. An example of this is that Gilts (bonds issued by the UK government are generally considered safer than other fixed interest securities (e.g. bonds issued by companies). The year 2008 was a very bad year for most asset classes but gold performed very well. This performance can be attributed to the fact that many investors consider gold to be a safe haven, however based on price volatility alone gold would appear to be more risky. 1 is the lowest level of risk and 10 is the highest (refer to Table 1). Central Independent Advisers is a trading name of Piggybank UK Limited Piggybank UK Limited is Authorised and Regulated by the Financial Services Authority. FSA No Registered in England and Wales No Tel Registered Office: Avening, Lower End, Alvescot, Bampton, Oxfordshire, OX18 2QA.
2 Risk Categories Each investment sector has been placed in a broader category of risk. Very Low (VL): Investment returns are normally fairly predictable but may not give full protection against inflation. This category includes cash and other money market related instruments. There is little chance of capital values falling (unless the institution holding your money gets into serious financial difficulty). You can expect to receive interest on your savings though rates do rise and fall. During periods of very low interest rates certain cash based funds can deliver negative returns. There is no capital appreciation and even reinvestment of interest payments is likely to achieve no more than capital preservation in real terms. Low (L) Low risk investments are generally aimed at risk averse investors seeking a better return than cash. Returns may not be as high as other investments but volatility should be lower. This category includes fixed interest securities and UK direct property. It should be noted that in extreme adverse conditions capital values have been known to fall by more than 20% in one year. Medium (M) Within this category we include high yielding fixed interest securities, balanced managed funds and equity funds predominantly investing in UK Blue Chip Shares. There is potential for good capital growth and/or rising income particularly in the medium to long term. However, it should be noted that there remains a real risk of capital loss particularly in the short to medium term with some UK Equity funds experiencing falls in excess of 30% in one year during adverse market conditions. Higher (H) Generally equity based investment subject to significant price variation. Potential for significant capital appreciation but with a higher risk of capital loss particularly in the short term. This category includes overseas equities and global property which expose investors to an additional risk of currency fluctuation. It also includes UK Small & Mid-Cap funds and certain UK Blue Chip Shares. Speculative (S) This involves specifically targeted assets that may expose capital to significant volatility. Very high risk investments have the potential for delivering exceptional returns but investors should be prepared to take losses as well as gains. It is possible with certain speculative investments to lose everything. Note The above risk categories are based on medium term investment (5 Years +). Increasing the length of time an investment is held (duration) tends to reduce investment risk and the chance, and/or extent, of any loss being realised.
3 Table 1 Category/Sector Description Risk Very Low 1 Cash Bank & Building Society deposits. 1 Money Market Funds comprising cash & other interest bearing assets. 1 Deposit & Treasury Short term debt issued by the UK Government. 1 Low Risk 1-4 UK Gilt Government loan stock. 2 Sterling Fixed Interest Mix of Gilt & Bond 2 UK Corporate Bond Largely investment grade corporate debt. 3 With Profits Insurance funds with attaching bonuses. 3 Strategic Bond Fixed Interest with a range of Credit Ratings. 3 Mixed (0%-35% Equity) Mixed assets with a maximum 35% equity content. 3 Absolute Return Cautiously managed funds targeting specific returns. 3 Global Bond Overseas Fixed Interest Securities. 4 Gold Precious metal. 4 Cautious (20%-60% Equity) Mixed assets with a maximum 60% equity content. 4 UK Direct Property Funds investing directly into commercial property. 4 Medium Risk 5-7 Mixed (40%-85% Equity) Mixed assets with a maximum 85% equity content. 6 Sterling High Yield UK high yielding Fixed Interest securities. 6 UK Equity Income Typically high yielding UK Blue Chip equity fund. 6 Global High Yield Overseas high yielding Fixed Interest securities. 7 UK Property Shares Property funds investing in Property Shares. 7 UK Equity Broad based UK equity funds. 7 Higher Risk 8-9 Global Equity Global equity funds. 8 UK Mid-Cap Predominantly investing in UK Mid-Cap securities. 8 Global Property Direct or indirect investment in overseas property. 8 European Equity At least 80% invested in European securities. 8 North American Equity At least 80% invested in North American securities. 8 Japan Equity At least 80% invested in Japanese securities. 8 Asia Pacific incl. Japan Eq. At least 80% invested in Far Eastern securities. 9 Asia Pacific excl. Japan Eq. At least 80% invested in Far Eastern securities. 9 US Smaller Companies Fund investing in US smaller companies. 9 European Smaller Co. Fund investing in European smaller companies. 9 UK Smaller Companies Fund investing in UK smaller companies. 9 FTSE 100 Stocks FTSE 100 listed stocks. 9 Speculative 10 Japanese Sm. Co. Japanese smaller companies. 10 BRIC Brazil, Russia, India & China. 10 Emerging Markets Other non-bric Emerging Markets. 10 Other Shares UK stocks not included in the FTSE 100 index. 10 Specialist Various including VCT, EIS, Commodity, Energy etc. 10 Risk scores are based on investments being held for the medium to long term (2-5 years). Market related risk tends to increase as duration decreases. Refer to the following Table 2 for a 10 year history showing for sector average returns, 3 Year Standard Deviation and Risk Score
4 Table 2 UK ABI Pension Sectors Performance % Annlzd Annlzd Volatility Risk UK Unit Trust Sectors * Years 5 Years 3 Yr SD Score Very Low Risk: Score 1 Deposit & Treasury Money Market Low Risk: Scores 2-4 UK Gilt Sterling Fixed Interest Mixed (0% - 35% Equity) Sterling Corporate Bond Strategic Corporate Bond* Global Fixed Interest UK Direct Property Mixed (20% - 60% Equity) Medium Risk: Scores 5-7 Mixed (40% - 85% Equity) Sterling High Yield UK Equity Income UK Equity Higher Risk: Scores 8-9 Global Equity (up to 100% Equity) Europe excl. UK Equities North American Equity Japan Equity Asia Pacific incl. Japan Equity Asia Pacific excl. Japan Equity UK Smaller Companies European Smaller Companies* North American Smaller Speculative: Score 10 Global Emerging Markets Equities Commodity/Energy Japanese Smaller Companies*
5 Yearly Performance Histogram Mixed (0%-35% Equity) Mixed (20%-60% Equity) Mixed (40%-85% Equity) Up to 100% Equity Key Risk Score 3 Risk Score 4 Risk Score 6 Risk Score 8
6 Overall Risk Score Systemic risk is the risk of collapse of an entire financial system or entire market. Systemic risk can t be reduced through diversification. We can however limit fluctuations in capital values by diversification of a portfolio by investing across sectors and asset classes. The overall risk score reflects the risk of the entire portfolio and is typically lower than the weighted average of the constituent holdings due to the benefits of diversification. Types of Risk Market risk the risk that there might be a reduction in values as a result of a fall in the stockmarket generally such as happened in the periods , 1987, and Investment-specific risk - the risk that there might be a reduction in value as a result of some event or circumstance related to a specific company. e.g. BP. Interest rate risk. A gilt-edged security or other fixed interest security falls in value as a result of a rise in interest rates Credit risk this includes the risk that the value of a fixed interest investment will fall when other investors decide that the probability of default has increased. Default is when the issuer of the investment fails to pay the interest or repay the capital. Credit risk also includes the risk of a fixed interest issue being downgraded or the pricing of credit risk changing, which is reflected in credit spreads Inflation risk the risk that the real value of the investment and the income from it will fall because of inflation. Reinvestment risk when income received during the life of an investment cannot be reinvested at the predicted rate. Business risk. For example, the management of a company might make poor business decisions or a whole industry could go into decline. Currency Risk. Where investment is overseas, sterling may appreciate against the investing currency. If sterling is strong against the US dollar, capital growth can be eliminated from investment in US markets. Political risk the risk that a new or changed government will have different fiscal and monetary objectives. This may be a result of the democratic process or it may occur through a coup or revolution. Liquidity risk. The investment may be difficult to sell or encash. Unlisted securities are almost always hard to sell. Settlement or counterparty risk. The counterparty to a transaction may fail to settle. Event Risk. This often refers to the issuer of a security being unable to pay interest or repay capital due to a major unexpected event such as a natural disaster, war or even a corporate change such as a takeover.
7 Normal Distribution & Standard Deviation Standard deviation is a useful measure of risk based on historic data, and to help you understand this concept, it can help to learn about what statisticians call normal distribution of data. A normal distribution of data means that most samples in a set of data are close to the "average," while relatively few samples tend to one extreme or the other. The x-axis (the horizontal one) is the value in question, e.g. annual performance of a set of investments such as UK Equity. The y-axis (the vertical one) is the number of data points for each value on the x-axis e.g. the number of funds achieving a specific return. The standard deviation is a statistic that tells you how tightly all the various samples are clustered around the mean in a set of data. When the samples are tightly bunched together and the bell-shaped curve is steep, the standard deviation is small. When the samples are spread apart and the bell curve is relatively flat, that tells you there is a relatively large standard deviation. Not all sets of data will have graphs that look this perfect. Some will have relatively flat curves, others will be steep. Sometimes the mean will lean a little bit to one side or the other. But all normally distributed data will have something like this same "bell curve" shape. One standard deviation away from the mean in either direction (i.e. +/- 1 SD) on the horizontal axis accounts for somewhere around 68 percent of samples in a group. Two standard deviations away from the mean (+/- 2 SD) account for roughly 95 percent of the samples and three standard deviations account for about 99 percent. If this curve were flatter and more spread out, the standard deviation would have to be larger in order to account for those 68 percent or so of the sample population. So standard deviation can tell you how spread out the samples in a set are from the mean.
8 Standard Deviation & Fund Returns The standard deviation of a fund measures how much a fund s total returns have fluctuated in the past. The term volatility is often used to mean standard deviation. This number is useful for two reasons. Firstly, because the more a fund s return fluctuates, the riskier the fund is likely to be; standard deviation facilitates comparisons across all funds, from cash to emerging market equities. Secondly, because funds that have been more volatile in the past tend to be the more volatile in the future. In that sense, standard deviation is a useful warning sign. The standard deviation is expressed in percentage terms, just like the returns. We calculate standard deviation based on the fund s most recent 36 monthly returns. How to use it? The simplest use is to compare funds. Additionally, you can estimate the range of returns that a fund can experience in any given year. This gives a useful estimate of how low returns can go. To perform this simple estimate requires 2 numbers:- 1. Average Return. 2. Standard Deviation. You can estimate that, 95% of the time, the lowest annual return will be equal to the average return minus twice the standard deviation. Conversely, the maximum typical return, 95% of the time, will be equal to the average return plus twice the standard deviation. Example 1 A money market fund had an annual average return of 6%, with a typical standard deviation of 1%. The typical maximum annual return you would expect is: 6+1+1= +8%; the typical lowest return you would expect is 6-1-1= +4%. In other words, if the fund continues to behave as it has in the past, 95% of the time, its annual returns will be between 4% and 8%. SD % within 3 Yr Mean Variance Min Return Max Return % 6.00% 1.00% 5.00% 7.00% % 6.00% 2.00% 4.00% 8.00% % 6.00% 3.00% 3.00% 9.00% Example 2 An equity fund has experienced an average return of 18%, with standard deviation of 30% (1 SD). Applying the same calculation, you can see that this fund s typical annual returns will be between -42% (18% -2 SD) and a +78% (18% +2 SD). So even in good times, you can obtain an estimate of the downside for a given fund. SD % within 3 Yr Mean Variance * Min Return * Max Return % 18.00% 30.00% % 48.00% % 18.00% 60.00% % 78.00% % 18.00% 90.00% % % * We are able to estimate extreme returns in such a way, because monthly returns follow more or less a normal distribution.
9 Of course, past volatility is no perfect predictor of future behaviour, but the information provided by standard deviation is too important to be overlooked. Another limitation of volatility is that, if you hold several funds, you can average the returns, but not the volatility: the aggregate volatility is likely to be lower than the average of the various funds individual volatilities. That is the benefit of diversification. 01/03/2012
RISKS IN MUTUAL FUND INVESTMENTS
RISKS IN MUTUAL FUND INVESTMENTS Classification of Investors Investors can be classified based on their Risk Tolerance Levels : Low Risk Tolerance Moderate Risk Tolerance High Risk Tolerance Fund Classification
More informationInvestment Bond. Funds key features. This is an important document. Please keep it safe for future reference.
Investment Bond Funds key features. This is an important document. Please keep it safe for future reference. 2 WHAT ARE THE FUNDS KEY FEATURES? This document is part of the information we provide you to
More informationSTAKEHOLDER PENSIONS FUND SELECTION IT S ALL ABOUT CHOICE
STAKEHOLDER PENSIONS FUND SELECTION IT S ALL ABOUT CHOICE A SCOTTISH WIDOWS STAKEHOLDER PENSION IS A WAY OF SAVING FOR RETIREMENT. YOUR PENSION CANNOT NORMALLY BE ACCESSED UNTIL YOU REACH AGE 55. We offer
More informationFund guide. Prudence Bond Prudence Managed Investment Bond
Fund guide Prudence Bond Prudence Managed Investment Bond Introduction to this guide We know that choosing which fund may be best for you isn t easy there are many options and everyone is different so
More informationIndividual Savings Account Fund menu
Individual Savings Account Fund menu This fund menu lists all the funds available on our Individual Savings Account (ISA). Your financial adviser will be able to help you choose the right combination of
More informationFunds in Court Information Guide INVESTMENT RISKS
Funds in Court Information Guide INVESTMENT RISKS NOTE: The information in this document is for information purposes only. The information is not intended to be and does not constitute financial advice
More informationFund descriptions, their charges and risk warnings
Fund descriptions, their charges and risk warnings This document was produced in March 2015 and is accurate at that date. When reviewing your fund choices you should refer to up-to-date information, available
More informationFund guide. Prudential Premier Plans Flexible Retirement Portfolio Ex-Scottish Amicable Plans
A Fund guide Prudential Premier Plans Flexible Retirement Portfolio Ex-Scottish Amicable Plans Introduction to this guide We know that choosing which fund may be best for you isn t easy there are many
More informationFund Guide. Prudential International Investment Bond International Prudence Bond
Fund Guide Prudential International Investment Bond International Prudence Bond Introduction to this guide We know that choosing which fund may be best for you isn t easy there are many options and everyone
More informationFriends Life Online Stakeholder Pension Fund guide
Friends Life Online Stakeholder Pension Fund guide This guide describes the funds available for investment under our Friends Life Online Stakeholder Pension and sets out their aims. Which funds can I choose
More informationFund volatility and performance
Fund volatility and performance Our funds This guide provides you with details of the past performance and volatility figures for our fund range. These can be used to help you understand the investment
More informationTransact Guide to Investment Risks
Integrated Financial Arrangements plc Transact Guide to Investment Risks Integrated Financial Arrangements plc A firm authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority INTRODUCTION Transact operates
More informationPORTFOLIO BOND INCLUDING DISCOUNTED GIFT PORTFOLIO BOND FUNDS KEY FEATURES. This is an important document. Please keep it safe for future reference.
PORTFOLIO BOND INCLUDING DISCOUNTED GIFT PORTFOLIO BOND FUNDS KEY FEATURES. This is an important document. Please keep it safe for future reference. 2 PORTFOLIO BOND INCLUDING DISCOUNTED GIFT PORTFOLIO
More informationSterling Investment Bond. Investment funds guide
Sterling Investment Bond Investment funds guide Contents Introduction 3 List of current investment funds by sector 4 Investment choice and flexibility 10 Fund risks 11 Managed funds 12 Multi-Managed funds
More informationUNdErSTANdINg INVESTMENTS THE NEXT STEP. A guide to understanding the issues you should consider. Make time for your future now. nfumutual.co.
INVESTMENTS THE NEXT STEP UNdErSTANdINg INVESTMENT risk Make time for your future now. A guide to understanding the issues you should consider Simply get in touch with your local NFU Mutual office, or call
More informationZurich Investment Bonds. Funds guide
Zurich Investment Bonds Funds guide Contents Introduction 3 List of current investment funds by sector 4 Investment choice and flexibility 6 Fund risks 7 Managed funds 8 Multimanaged funds 10 UK equity
More informationZurich Investment Bonds. Funds guide
Zurich Investment Bonds Funds guide Contents Introduction 3 List of current investment funds by sector 4 Investment choice and flexibility 6 Fund risks 7 Managed funds 8 Multimanaged funds 10 UK equity
More informationInvestment Strategy for Pensions Actuaries A Multi Asset Class Approach
Investment Strategy for Pensions Actuaries A Multi Asset Class Approach 16 January 2007 Representing Schroders: Neil Walton Head of Strategic Solutions Tel: 020 7658 2486 Email: Neil.Walton@Schroders.com
More informationfunds KEY This is an important document. Please keep it safe for future reference.
SELECT PORTFOLIO bond (wealth managers) funds KEY FEATURES. This is an important document. Please keep it safe for future reference. SELECT PORTFOLIO BOND (wealth managers) FUNDS KEY FEATURES 2 WHAT ARE
More informationSterling Investment Bond. Investment funds guide
Sterling Investment Bond Investment funds guide Contents Introduction 3 List of current investment funds by sector 4 Investment choice and flexibility 10 Fund risks 11 Managed funds 12 Multi-Managed funds
More informationZurich pensions fund guide
Zurich pensions fund guide Contents Introduction 3 List of current investment funds by sector 4 Investment choice and flexibility 5 Fund risks 6 Managed funds 7 Multimanaged funds 9 UK equity funds 11
More informationRETIREMENT ACCOUNT SCOTTISH WIDOWS PENSION FUND CHARGES
RETIREMENT ACCOUNT SCOTTISH WIDOWS PENSION FUND CHARGES SCOTTISH WIDOWS RETIREMENT ACCOUNT THE SCOTTISH WIDOWS RETIREMENT ACCOUNT COMBINES RETIREMENT PLANNING WITH RETIREMENT INCOME, ALLOWING YOU TO CONSOLIDATE
More informationAsset allocation A key component of a successful investment strategy
Asset allocation A key component of a successful investment strategy This guide has been produced for educational purposes only and should not be regarded as a substitute for investment advice. Vanguard
More informationSchroders Investment Trust ISA
April 2016 Key Features of the Schroders Investment Trust ISA The Financial Conduct Authority is the independent financial services regulator. It requires us, Schroders, to give you this important information
More informationABI Sector Definitions
ABI Sector Definitions March 2015 1 Definitions for funds in the ABI Sectors Unit-linked life and pension funds are split into a total of 34 ABI Sectors. Funds in the same sector can be compared on a
More informationGlobal bond investing
Global bond investing Todd Schlanger, CFA Investment Strategy Group Vanguard Asset Management, Limited This document is directed at professional investors and should not be distributed to, or relied upon
More informationBAE SYSTEMS PENSIONS BECAUSE PLANNING IS PART OF THE JOURNEY RETIREMENT ACCOUNT GUIDE LEVEL 100+ MARCH 2015
BAE SYSTEMS PENSIONS BECAUSE PLANNING IS PART OF THE JOURNEY RETIREMENT ACCOUNT GUIDE LEVEL 100+ MARCH 2015 CONTENTS Where your Scheme benefits come from 4 Your choices affect your retirement account 5
More informationACE COMPLETE PENSION TRUST. Investment Fund Guide
ACE COMPLETE PENSION TRUST Investment Fund Guide Introduction This guide has been prepared to assist you in making your investment decisions. It outlines two possible levels of investment involvement that
More informationRisks of Investments explained
Risks of Investments explained Member of the London Stock Exchange .Introduction Killik & Co is committed to developing a clear and shared understanding of risk with its clients. The categories of risk
More informationShort Fund Guide. Flexible Retirement Plan
Short Fund Guide Flexible Retirement Plan Introduction This short fund guide gives you a list of funds you can choose from, an indication of the potential reward and risk of each fund and information on
More informationInvestor Guide to Bonds
Investor Guide Investor Guide to Bonds threadneedle.com Introduction Why invest in bonds? Although your capital is normally considered safe in a traditional deposit account, low interest rates have eroded
More informationMETLIFE FUND LIST FOR NEW INVESTMENT
METLIFE FUND LIST FOR NEW INVESTMENT RETIREMENT PORTFOLIO - INVESTMENT BOND PORTFOLIO - TRUSTEE RETIREMENT PORTFOLIO - ISA PORTFOLIO MAY 2016 Contents 1 Introduction 3 2 Managing risk in investment management
More informationShares Mutual funds Structured bonds Bonds Cash money, deposits
FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RELATED RISKS This description of investment risks is intended for you. The professionals of AB bank Finasta have strived to understandably introduce you the main financial instruments
More informationInternational Bond. Summary of Insured Funds
International Bond Summary of Insured s Build a portfolio of assets that will meet your individual needs You can access a wide range of investment options through an International Bond from Standard Life
More informationCapital preservation strategy update
Client Education Summit 2012 Capital preservation strategy update Head of Institutional Fixed Income Investments, Americas October 9, 2012 Topics for discussion 1 Capital preservation strategies 2 3 4
More informationGuide to Investment Risk
Guide to Investment Risk What is risk? Risk is another word for uncertainty. While all investments carry an element of risk, the amount of risk you take directly affects any potential returns and losses.
More informationTraditionally pension schemes invested in four main asset classes: Shares (Equities or Stocks), Bonds, Property and Cash.
Asset Classes Traditionally pension schemes invested in four main asset classes: Shares (Equities or Stocks), Bonds, Property and Cash. Shares (also called Equities or Stocks) are shares bought in quoted
More informationCustomer Investment Profile
Customer Name: Account Number: Contact Number: The purpose of this investment profile form is for us to better understand your financial means, investment experience, investment objectives and general
More informationSeeking a More Efficient Fixed Income Portfolio with Asia Bonds
Seeking a More Efficient Fixed Income Portfolio with Asia s Seeking a More Efficient Fixed Income Portfolio with Asia s Drawing upon different drivers for performance, Asia fixed income may improve risk-return
More informationFunds. All-in-one portfolios built using Vanguard s low-cost index funds
Investing The case made for index simple: fund Vanguard investing for LifeStrategy UK investors Funds All-in-one portfolios built using Vanguard s low-cost index funds The value of investments, and the
More informationMy LV= Pension Plan Diversified Growth Fund Fund Factsheet 4th Quarter 2012
This factsheet has been produced to provide you with information on this blended fund. It includes information on the investment objective of the fund, where the fund is invested, risk information and
More informationThe Asset. Allocation Guide To. Wealth Creation. Absolute Return. Gold. Vehicle. Real Estate. Tax. An Investor Education Initiative by.
The Asset Allocation Guide To Wealth Creation Real Estate Cash Reserves Vehicle Education Gold Tax Funds Food Car Equities Bonds House Precious Metals Fixed Income Natural Resources Absolute Return Understanding
More informationOnline Investments. Our Fund Range and Investments
Online Investments Our Fund Range and Investments Why is it important to read this document? This document explains the funds available for you to invest in through our Investment ISA, which is a Stocks
More informationCONSIDERING INVESTMENT RISK A guide to investing for your future
CONSIDERING INVESTMENT RISK A guide to investing for your future Award Winning Wealth Management CONTENTS 1 2 Introduction What does Investing mean? 05 07 3 Understanding your Needs and Requirements 08
More informationInvestment risk Balancing investment risk and potential reward
Investment risk Balancing investment risk and potential reward This guide has been produced for educational purposes only and should not be regarded as a substitute for investment advice. Vanguard Asset
More informationSUMMARY PROSPECTUS SIPT VP Conservative Strategy Fund (SVPTX) Class II
April 30, 2016 SUMMARY PROSPECTUS SIPT VP Conservative Strategy Fund (SVPTX) Class II Before you invest, you may want to review the Fund s Prospectus, which contains information about the Fund and its
More informationRetirement Balanced Fund
SUMMARY PROSPECTUS TRRIX October 1, 2015 T. Rowe Price Retirement Balanced Fund A fund designed for retired investors seeking capital growth and income through investments in a combination of T. Rowe Price
More informationWealth Solutions Bond Fund Menu
Wealth Solutions Bond Menu Choosing the right funds 3 The importance of diversification 3 Investing for income or growth 3 Investing with Friends Life 4 distribution funds 7 Charges and fund risks 8 risk
More informationChapter 5 Risk and Return ANSWERS TO SELECTED END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS
Chapter 5 Risk and Return ANSWERS TO SELECTED END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS 5-1 a. Stand-alone risk is only a part of total risk and pertains to the risk an investor takes by holding only one asset. Risk is
More informationPowerShares Smart Beta Income Portfolio 2016-1 PowerShares Smart Beta Growth & Income Portfolio 2016-1 PowerShares Smart Beta Growth Portfolio 2016-1
PowerShares Smart Beta Income Portfolio 2016-1 PowerShares Smart Beta Growth & Income Portfolio 2016-1 PowerShares Smart Beta Growth Portfolio 2016-1 The unit investment trusts named above (the Portfolios
More informationOpportunities. Contents. 1 About Principal Global Investors. 2 How the Principal Global Credit June 2012. 3 Benefits of Investing in the Principal
RESEARCH RESOURCES Product Disclosure Statement RESULTS Principal Global Credit Opportunities Fund Contents 1 About Principal Global Investors (Australia) Limited 2 How the Principal Global Credit June
More informationSFDCP TARGET DATE FUND PORTFOLIO SUMMARY: January 29, 2016
SFDCP TARGET DATE FUND PORTFOLIO SUMMARY: January 29, 2016 SFDCP Target Date Funds Overview SFDCP Target Date Funds (each, a Fund and collectively the Funds or the SFDCP Target Date Funds ) were developed
More informationTHE NT EUROPE (EX-UK) EQUITY INDEX FUND SUPPLEMENT TO THE PROSPECTUS DATED 17 NOVEMBER 2014 FOR NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENT FUNDS PLC
THE NT EUROPE (EX-UK) EQUITY INDEX FUND SUPPLEMENT TO THE PROSPECTUS DATED 17 NOVEMBER 2014 FOR NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENT FUNDS PLC 1 2 Supplement dated 17 November 2014 to the Prospectus dated 17 November
More informationA simple solution to the investment puzzle. Multi-asset Funds. Ready-made investment funds matched to your attitude to risk
A simple solution to the investment puzzle Multi-asset Funds Ready-made investment funds matched to your attitude to risk Contents Why Aviva Investors? 2 A simple solution to investing 3 Are these funds
More informationGOLD VS STOCK MARKET: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RISK AND RETURN
International Journal of Business Management & Research (IJBMR) ISSN 2249-6920 Vol. 3, Issue 2, Jun 2013, 103-110 TJPRC Pvt. Ltd. GOLD VS STOCK MARKET: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RISK AND RETURN BARINDER SINGH
More informationRBS Investment Options ICVC. Final Short Report. for the year ended 31 October 2014
RBS Investment Options ICVC Final Short Report for the year ended 31 October 2014 RBS Investment Options ICVC Final Short Report Table of Contents Report of the Authorised Corporate Director 2 Economic
More informationMERCER PORTFOLIO SERVICE MONTHLY REPORT
MERCER PORTFOLIO SERVICE MONTHLY REPORT MAY 206 Mercer Superannuation (Australia) Limited ABN 79 004 77 533 Australian Financial Services Licence # 235906 is the trustee of the Mercer Portfolio Service
More informationCHOOSING YOUR INVESTMENT FUND.
STAKEHOLDER PENSION PLAN CHOOSING YOUR INVESTMENT FUND. This is an important document. Please keep it safe for future reference. INSURANCE. SAVINGS. INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT. 2 STAKEHOLDER PENSION PLAN CHOOSING
More informationA CLEAR AND SIMPLE GUIDE. Pension Investment Options. Investments. royallondon.com
A CLEAR AND SIMPLE GUIDE Pension Investment Options Investments royallondon.com CONTENTS Royal London who we are and what we do 3 Decisions needn t be difficult 4 Your pension investment options 5 Understanding
More informationGuide to Risk and Investment
www.canaccord.com/uk Guide to Risk and Investment Any investment involves a degree of risk and some investments are more risky than others. Whether this is the first time you have considered investing,
More informationPortfolio construction A systematic approach to investing
Portfolio construction A systematic approach to investing This guide has been produced for educational purposes only and should not be regarded as a substitute for investment advice. Vanguard Asset Management,
More informationFund guide. Flexible Retirement Plan (Personal Pension and Income Drawdown with SIPP Options) Prudential Investment Plan Flexible Investment Plan
A Fund guide Flexible Retirement Plan (Personal Pension and Income Drawdown with SIPP Options) Prudential Investment Plan Flexible Investment Plan Introduction to this guide We know that choosing which
More informationSlide 2. What is Investing?
Slide 1 Investments Investment choices can be overwhelming if you don t do your homework. There s the potential for significant gain, but also the potential for significant loss. In this module, you ll
More informationYour investment options University of Reading Pension Scheme
Human Resources Your investment options University of Reading Pension Scheme Introduction If you are a member of the University of Reading Pension Scheme (the Scheme) you and your employer pay contributions
More informationSTATE SUPER INVESTMENT FUND CLASS A
STATE SUPER INVESTMENT FUND CLASS A Product Disclosure Statement Date of Issue 1 July 2014 State Super Financial Services Australia Limited ABN 86 003 742 756 Australian Financial Services Licence No.
More informationSchroder International Opportunities Portfolio - Schroder Asian Income (the Fund )
This Product Highlights Sheet is an important document. It highlights the key terms and risks of this investment product and complements the Prospectus¹. It is important to read the Prospectus before deciding
More informationYour introduction to investing in funds. A question of balance
Your introduction to investing in funds A question of balance Welcome Like many things in life, investing is about balance. Investments can offer both risk and reward, and generally, the bigger the risk,
More informationFidelity Emerging Markets Fund 14 Fidelity Europe Fund 12 Fidelity Far East Fund 3,10 Fidelity Global Fund 1,14 Fidelity Global Disciplined
Simplified Prospectus dated October 29, 2015 Fidelity Funds Series A, Series B, Series F and Series O units (unless otherwise indicated) Equity Funds Canadian Equity Funds Fidelity Canadian Disciplined
More informationInvestments GUIDE TO FUND RISKS
Investments GUIDE TO FUND RISKS CONTENTS Making sense of risk 3 General risks 5 Fund specific risks 6 Useful definitions 9 2 MAKING SENSE OF RISK Understanding all the risks involved when selecting an
More informationUniversity of Reading Pension Scheme
Human Resources University of Reading Pension Scheme Investing for Retirement Introduction After deciding how much to save for retirement, where to invest the contributions that you and the University
More informationWhy own bonds when yields are low?
Why own bonds when yields are low? Vanguard research November 213 Executive summary. Given the backdrop of low yields in government bond markets across much of the developed world, many investors may be
More informationYour Investment Options
Your Investment Options lackrock EDS Investment uyout Plan A choice of funds to help you meet your retirement goals This guide shows you the range of investment options available through the lackrock EDS
More informationInvestment Guide. Understanding how your pension is invested
Understanding how your pension is invested Introduction The Creative Pension Trust ( the Scheme ) is an occupational money purchase pension scheme. It operates as a master trust, which means that many
More informationMULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
ECON 4110: Sample Exam Name MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Economists define risk as A) the difference between the return on common
More informationPENSION INVESTMENT APPROACHES GUIDE. More detailed information
PENSION INVESTMENT APPROACHES GUIDE More detailed information OUR COMMITMENT TO YOU We want to do everything we can to help you achieve what you need from your plan. Aiming for investment growth is vital,
More informationINVESTMENT BOND GUIDE. You can put more life in your money AXA: smarter investment solutions
INVESTMENT BOND GUIDE You can put more life in your money AXA: smarter investment solutions Investment Bond CONTENTS page Introducing our Investment Bond Investment Bond allocation rates and charges Your
More informationList of Funds not for Subscription via Hang Seng e-banking (as of 23 Dec 2015)
IMPORTANT RISK WARNINGS / NOTES Investors should note that investment involves risks (including the possibility of loss of the capital invested), prices of fund units may go up as well as down and past
More informationManaging Your Investments
Managing Your Managing your investments Building trust from the start Naturally, when you entrust us with the management of your money you want to know exactly what we will do with your investment. How
More informationPRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS SHEET
Prepared on: 17 October 2013 This Product Highlights Sheet is an important document. It highlights the key terms and risks of this investment product and complements the Singapore Prospectus 1. It is important
More informationNon-Complex Products. Complex Products. General risks of trading
We offer a wide range of investments, each with their own risks and rewards. The following information provides you with a general description of the nature and risks of the investments that you can trade
More informationSURVEY ON UK INCOME INVESTING
OUR 2014 SURVEY OF UK INVESTORS REVEALS DEEP CONCERNS ABOUT WITH THE RESULTS SHOWING INVESTORS TRAPPED INTO LOW RETURNS BY A HOME BIAS WHICH EXPOSES THEM TO TODAY'S CLIMATE OF LOW INTEREST RATES. ABOUT
More informationPremier Asset Management The Income conundrum
Premier Asset Management The Income conundrum January 2015 For professional adviser use only and not for distribution to retail investors The income conundrum Over 80% of the World s assets will be owned
More informationPRINCIPAL ASSET ALLOCATION QUESTIONNAIRES
PRINCIPAL ASSET ALLOCATION QUESTIONNAIRES FOR GROWTH OR INCOME INVESTORS ASSET ALLOCATION PRINCIPAL ASSET ALLOCATION FOR GROWTH OR INCOME INVESTORS Many ingredients go into the making of an effective investment
More informationUNDERSTANDING YOUR INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO A GUIDE FOR OUR MANAGED PORTFOLIO SERVICE
UNDERSTANDING YOUR INVESTMENT PORTFOLIO A GUIDE FOR OUR MANAGED PORTFOLIO SERVICE CONTENTS Our Approach to Building Your Portfolio 03 Getting Started 03 Investment Objectives 04-05 Understanding Investment
More informationSeix Total Return Bond Fund
Summary Prospectus Seix Total Return Bond Fund AUGUST 1, 2015 (AS REVISED FEBRUARY 1, 2016) Class / Ticker Symbol A / CBPSX R / SCBLX I / SAMFX IS / SAMZX Before you invest, you may want to review the
More informationIndividual Savings Account and Investment Account. Sterling panel funds guide
Individual Savings Account and Investment Account Sterling panel funds guide Contents Introduction 3 List of current investment funds by sector 4 Investment choice and flexibility 7 Fund risks 8 Managed
More informationA: SGEAX C: SGECX I: SGEIX
A: SGEAX C: SGECX I: SGEIX NOT FDIC INSURED MAY LOSE VALUE NO BANK GUARANTEE Salient Global Equity Fund The investment objective of the Salient Global Equity Fund (the Fund ) is to seek long term capital
More informationWELCOME TO THE AIRBUS GROUP UK RETIREMENT PLAN
WELCOME TO THE AIRBUS GROUP UK RETIREMENT PLAN Investment guide The is an important part of your reward package. This guide aims to help you choose the funds in which to invest your personal Retirement
More informationPRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS SHEET
Prepared on: 19 October 2012 This Product Highlights Sheet is an important document. It highlights the key terms and risks of this investment product and complements the Singapore Prospectus 1. It is important
More informationMutual Funds Made Simple. Brighten your future with investments
Mutual Funds Made Simple Brighten your future with investments About Invesco Aim When it comes to investing, your sights are set on a financial summit a college diploma, new home or secure retirement.
More informationREPORT FOR RESOLUTION. SUBJECT: Treasury Management Annual Report 2009-10
REPORT FOR RESOLUTION COMMITTEE: Council DATE: 14th July 2010 SUBJECT: Treasury Management Annual Report 2009-10 REPORT OF: City Treasurer PURPOSE OF REPORT: To report the Treasury Management activities
More informationADVISORSHARES YIELDPRO ETF (NASDAQ Ticker: YPRO) SUMMARY PROSPECTUS November 1, 2015
ADVISORSHARES YIELDPRO ETF (NASDAQ Ticker: YPRO) SUMMARY PROSPECTUS November 1, 2015 Before you invest in the AdvisorShares Fund, you may want to review the Fund s prospectus and statement of additional
More informationInvestment Bond Guide YOUR INVESTMENT OPTIONS. Friends Life Investment Bond Fund Guide
Investment Bond Guide YOUR INVESTMENT OPTIONS Friends Life Investment Bond Fund Guide 1 Investment Bond Fund Guide We understand the decision on where to invest your money is an important one. We have
More informationHow To Invest In American Funds Insurance Series Portfolio Series
American Funds Insurance Series Portfolio Series Prospectus May 1, 2015 Class 4 shares American Funds Global Growth Portfolio American Funds Growth and Income Portfolio Class P2 shares American Funds Managed
More informationFund descriptions, their charges and risk warnings
Fund descriptions, their charges and risk warnings This document was produced in March 2015 and is accurate at that date. When reviewing your fund choices you should refer to up-to-date information, available
More informationUnderstanding investment concepts
Version 4.2 This document provides some additional information to help you understand the financial planning concepts discussed in the SOA in relation to. Important information This document has been published
More informationBalanced Fund RPBAX. T. Rowe Price SUMMARY PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY PROSPECTUS RPBAX May 1, 2016 T. Rowe Price Balanced Fund A fund seeking capital growth and current income through a portfolio of approximately 65% stocks and 35% fixed income securities. Before
More informationRYT Sector Weights. Price Chart
March 11, 2016 GUGGENHEIM SP 500 EQL WEIGHT TECHNOLOGY (RYT) $89.67 Risk: Med Zacks ETF Rank 2 - Buy 2 Fund Type Issuer Technology - broad RYDEXSGI RYT Sector Weights Benchmark Index SP EQUAL WEIGHT INDEX
More informationDeutsche Alternative Asset Allocation VIP
Alternative Deutsche Alternative Asset Allocation VIP All-in-one exposure to alternative asset classes : a key piece in asset allocation Building a portfolio of stocks, bonds and cash has long been recognized
More informationThe Personal Range. Choosing your investment funds
The Personal Range Choosing your investment funds Choosing your investment funds To enable you to do more of the things you enjoy in your retirement, your pension savings will need to work hard for you.
More information