Sustainable waste management and petroleum sludge
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1 Sustainable waste management and petroleum sludge Dunja S. Sokolovic, Dragan D. Govedarica Faculty of Technology, Bul. Cara Lazara 1, Novi Sad
2 Main principles of sustainable oily waste management waste source reduction reusing recycling composting incineration with energy recovery fuel production waste treatment
3 Sustainable waste management in oil refinery Implementation is driven by : abatement air pollution from process units production of environment friendly fuels Waste management in oil refinery - out of the main environmental activities Oil Refineries : big and fully integrated installations manage huge amount of raw materials (crude oil) intensive consumers of energy and water generate emissions to atmosphere, water and soil IPPC Directive controls refineries operations
4 Emission and consumption in oil refinery huge amount of crude oil do not generate substantial quantities of waste
5 Waste generation in oil refinery
6 Type of Waste Percentage
7 The BREF on Mineral Oil and Gas Refineries The European IPPC Bureau develop BREF document assist implementation of the IPPC directive on oil and gas refineries BREFs - specific guidance,what may be technically and economically available to industry waste managment programm Improving environmental performance Technical Working Group - TWG - meeting in December 2008 observed deficiency: no capacity or Nelson index has been taken into account does not cover data about classification of refinery waste, nor assessing whether the waste is toxic or not (Waste List Decision 2000/532/EC and 2001/573/EC)
8 BREF document waste management program elements for preventing waste generation pollution prevention techniques ( for soil and ground water) Analyses of BREF : Some elements are not acceptable for many refineries built 40 years ago
9 Waste management programme Implementation of a sludge master plan with the aim to reduce the sludge generated Clean and assembly only in especially constructed and dedicated areas Provide dedicated drainage systems Physical barriers such as clay walls or plastic membranes can be installed around the site boundary Minimization of underground piping Perform a risk analysis in order to rank the significance cases where accidental leak may occur Periodical screening of leaks in sewers and pipes Correct conditioning of a catalyst during a run extends catalytic life Process optimization leads to less off-specification product and hence less recycle Recycling caustic sufficiently can ensure it is completely spent Sorting waste mixes e.g. concrete and scrap metal TEL/TML scale & sludge: permanganate treatment eliminates TEL/TML traces De-oiling in an oil extractor Process treatment by steaming, flushing or regeneration prior to disposal: clay and sand filters; catalysts
10 Methods for refinery waste processing Biological methods Incineration of refinery sludge Increasing oil phase of refinery sediment Treatment of used catalysts Other methods
11 Biological methods Landfarming method ex situ method treatment of oily wastes - disposal of refinery sludge in previous prepared space - refinery sludge in layers, periodically turned or processed - control of content for optimal rate of degradation (ph, moisture con.,aeration..) Landfilling method ex situ method disposal of oily wastes
12 Incineration of refinery sludge Incineration processes are: fixed hearth incinerators, multiple hearth incinerators, rotary kiln incinerators, liquid fuel incinerators, gas or fume incinerator, fluidised bed incinerators FBI is the most used method - flexible to a large variations in sludge composition - working temperature C - produced ash is used as component for cement and asphalt mixture - appropriate techniques control SO2,NOx,CO, organic compounds, PAH and heavy metals emission - concentration of dust is not more then 5mg/Nm3 - reduce refinery sludge to 0,5-1 kg per tone crude oil
13 Oil wastes pathways
14 Comments Analysis of current trends in waste treatment of the refinery indicates that today used techniques for refinery sludge are the same applied 20 years ago Applicable BREF document is based on data published 16 years ago (in most cases) and requires a serious revision in the waste management of oil refinery Introduction of new processing and modern catalysts (especially deep conversion process) is the main reason for the reduction of the total quantity of the refinery sludge
15 THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE!
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