Learn to Design your own OS booting ARM board

Transcription

1 Learn to Design your own OS booting ARM board by Robert Feranec Schematic & PCB Design Courses Check our website at:

2 About this presentation

3 Projects Year 2002 Year 2013

4 What is important when starting a new ARM design? ARM Designs are complex Reference schematics PCB files Documentation Software Community

5 Selecting components for a board running an operating system Software Compatibility

6 Tips for ARM Schematic design

7 PCB Stackup & Impedances

8 PCB Stackup & Impedances Standard single ended impedance: 50 or 55 Ohms +/-15% AMD Intel 1 Intel 2 Freescale PCIE /85 48/85 /95 /85 HDMI /85 48/85 /100 LVDS /85 48/85 /95 /100 SATA 50/90 /100 USB 48/85 45/90

9 PCB Stackup & Impedances

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11 DDR3 layout and length matching

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13 T-branch vs. Fly-by

14 DDR3 read / write leveling

15 Memory length matching spreadsheet

16 Memory layout example in Altium Download free imx6 DDR3 Layout example from our open source project called imx6 Rex Go to:

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18 How to setup a machine for ARM code compilation Prepare your machine for SDK installation Install a Software Development Kit Install other things you may need Compile original source codes

19 How to compile bootloader Freescale make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/freescale/usr/lo cal/gcc glibc-2.13-linaro-multilib /fsl-linaro-toolchain/bin/armnone-linux-gnueabi- distclean make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/freescale/usr/lo cal/gcc glibc-2.13-linaro-multilib /fsl-linaro-toolchain/bin/armnone-linux-gnueabi- mx6q_rex_config make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/freescale/usr/lo cal/gcc glibc-2.13-linaro-multilib /fsl-linaro-toolchain/bin/arm- none-linux-gnueabi- Texas Instruments $ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-nonelinux-gnueabi- ARCH=arm distclean $ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-nonelinux-gnueabi- ARCH=arm ti8168_evm_config_spi $ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-nonelinux-gnueabi- ARCH=arm u-boot.ti

20 How to modify bootloader Make a copy of the board directory, as shown below. Rename and update files: $cp -R board/freescale/mx6_<reference board name> board/freescale/mx6_<custom board name> Make a copy of the config file. Update: $cp include/configs/mx6_<reference board name>.h include/configs/mx6_<custom board name>.h You should pay attention to the following e.g.: Memories, NAND, Ethernet, Update Makefile

21 How to modify bootloader

22 Bootloader compilation example

23 Bootloader commands Flashing Kernel to NAND dhcp setenv serverip mw.b 0x xFF 0x tftp 0x uimage nand erase 0x x nand write 0x x x Flashing uboot to SPI via Serial Console mw.b 0x xFF 0x80000 loadb sfprobe 3:2 sf erase 0x0 0x80000 sf write 0x x0 0x80000 Bootargs setenv bootargs 'console=ttymxc0, root=/dev/nfs ip=dhcp nfsroot= :/home/fedevel/ltib/root fs,v3,tcp'

24 How to build a Linux Kernel Freescale make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/freescale/usr/lo cal/gcc glibc-2.13-linaro-multilib /fsl-linaro-toolchain/bin/armnone-linux-gnueabi- distclean make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/freescale/usr/lo cal/gcc glibc-2.13-linaro-multilib /fsl-linaro-toolchain/bin/armnone-linux-gnueabi- imx6_defconfig make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/freescale/usr/lo cal/gcc glibc-2.13-linaro-multilib /fsl-linaro-toolchain/bin/armnone-linux-gnueabi- uimage Texas Instruments $ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-nonelinux-gnueabi- ARCH=arm distclean $ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-nonelinux-gnueabi- ARCH=arm ti8168_evm_defconfig $ make CROSS_COMPILE=arm-nonelinux-gnueabi- ARCH=arm uimage

25 How to prepare a File system

26 How to prepare a File system wget vpac3.tar.gz sudo tar xvf rootfs-nfs-bb-1-17-vmx25-vmx25-vpac3.tar.gz sudo gedit rootfs-bb-1-17-final2/etc/inittab change from: ::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttymxc vt100 ::respawn:/sbin/getty -L tty to #::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttymxc vt100 ::respawn:/sbin/getty -L ttyo //use correct console number: for standard EZSDK board use: ttyo2 then Save and Close Make the image mkfs.jffs2 -lqn e 128 -r rootfs-bb-1-17-final2/ -o /tftpboot/rd-jffs2.bin

27 Steps to bring your board to life Tip: Mark each board with a sticker and a number Step 1: Visual inspection Step 2: Measure impedance on power rails Step 3: Connect power supply for the very first time Step 4: Check component temperature Step 5: Measure all the on board voltages Step 6: Measure crystals and oscillators Step 7: Upload firmware Step 8: Connect Console

28 Freescale DDR3 calibration Texas Instruments

29 Board testing and HW verification

30 Thank you. Any questions? Contact: Check our Schematic & PCB Design Courses here: