Development of Room Temperature and Superconducting CH-Structures for High Power Applications

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1 Development of Room Temperature and Superconducting CH-Structures for High Power Applications HPPA 2007 Mol, Belgium, May Holger J. Podlech Institut für Angewandte Physik (IAP) J.W.-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, Germany H. Podlech, IAP 1 HPPA 2007

2 Overview H-mode cavities CH-structure room temperature (rt) CH-structure (FAIR p-linac) superconducting (sc) CH-structure Projects (EUROTRANS, IFMIF) H. Podlech, IAP 2 HPPA 2007

3 The Family of H-mode cavities (H 11, H 21 ) IH-RFQ 4-Vane RFQ IH-Structure CH-Structure B -- E Interdigital H-Mode (IH) B ++ E Crossbar H-Mode (CH) H. Podlech, IAP 3 HPPA 2007

4 The CH-Structure Cross-Bar H-Mode-Structure High efficiency (Z) for low and medium energies (3-100 AMeV) Homogeneous distribution of losses Good cooling possibilities Possible cw operation Use of KONUS Less rf defocusing long lensfree sections H - Cavity H -Mode 211 High real estate gradients High mechanical stability RF Frequency 432 MHz Room temperature- and superconducting operation H. Podlech, IAP 4 HPPA 2007

5 H-mode DTL- cavities rt IH E< 30 AMeV 30<f<250 MHz rt CH E< 100 AMeV 150<f<700 MHz sc CH E< 100 AMeV 150<f<700 MHz H. Podlech, IAP 5 HPPA 2007

6 FAIR: Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research The FAIR Accelerator Complex GSI Today SIS 100 p-linac SIS18 SIS 300 UNILAC p-linac SIS100 SIS300 Unilac Requirement: 100 7*10 m 12 p/pulse UNILAC: Factor 500 too low New dedicated p-injector RESR HESR RESR CR HESR CR NESR Antiproton Prod. Target Super- FRS FAIR p-bar target cooled p / hour p / hour H. Podlech, IAP 6 HPPA 2007

7 FAIR proton-linac Re-Buncher Source LEBT RFQ CH-DTL 95 kev 3 MeV 70 MeV to SIS18 to Dump Particles Protons RF drivers (6x) 2.5 MW Klystrons Current (ma) 70 Pulse power (MW) 4.9 Energy (MeV) 70 Beam pulse length (μs) 36 Frequency (MHz) Repetition rate (Hz) 4 RF structures (6x) r.t. CCH Linac length (m) 25 High gradients (3-7 MV/m), low duty cycle r.t. CH-structures H. Podlech, IAP 7 HPPA 2007

8 The Coupled CH (CCH) Coupling of two CH-sections (H 21 -mode) via a resonant oscillating coupling cell (E 010 -mode) Coupling Cavity (E 010) H. Podlech, IAP 8 HPPA 2007

9 r.t. CH-prototype Test Setup The 2 kw level (4kW/m, ~ 310 kv) has been reached within 20 minutes Measured Q 0 : (95 % Ideal MWS Value) H. Podlech, IAP 9 HPPA 2007

10 Motivation for the Development of the Superconducting CH-Structure Several fixed velocity accelerators with cw operation are under discussion (i.e. Spallation neutron sources, IFMIF, Transmuter, isotope production...) Superconducting operation lack of efficient superconducting low β cavities, whereas efficient means large energy gain per cavity H. Podlech, IAP 10 HPPA 2007

11 Superconducting CH-Prototype 140 mm The first low energy s.c. multi cell cavity Gap number 19 Length (mm) 1048 Frequency (MHz) 350 β 0.1 E p /E a (βλ-definition) 5.2 B p /E a (mt/(mv/m)) 5.7 G=R s Q 0 (Ω) 56 R a /Q (Ω) (T incl.) 3180 (R a /Q)G (Ω 2 ) Q 0 (BCS, 4.4K, 352 MHz) 1.5x10 9 W (mj/(mv/m) 2 ) 155 H. Podlech, IAP 11 HPPA 2007

12 P f Cryogenic Test of the sc CH-cavity P r P t P on = P f P off = P e P r H. Podlech, IAP 12 HPPA 2007

13 Q 0 versus Gradient and Voltage L=n/2βλ=9.5βλ Gradient Voltage H. Podlech, IAP 13 HPPA 2007

14 Projects and possible applications (sc CH) EUROTRANS (Nuclear waste transmutation) IFMIF (Fusion material research) H. Podlech, IAP 14 HPPA 2007

15 A CH-Injector for XADS/EUROTRANS H. Podlech, IAP 15 HPPA 2007

16 IFMIF International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility High flux source of fast neutrons Development of new material for fusion reactors Up to 100 dpa/fpy Liquid Li target Reference design: Alvarez! Beam: 40 MeV Deuterons Beam current 2x125 ma Beam power: 10 MW Duty cycle 100% RFQ/CH combination with 175 MHz H. Podlech, IAP 16 HPPA 2007

17 r.t./s.c. CH-linac for IFMIF One room temperature H-mode cavity ( AMeV) 8 superconducting CH-cavities (per linac) Sc cavity RF power: 30 W Static losses: 20 W per cavity 800 W@4K 3 Cryo plants (500 W each) for IFMIF, 2 in operation,1 stand by Beam loading per cavity kw Power couplers: 2 coaxial-couplers per cavity with 250 kw Main advantages Stable cw operation without thermal problems Significant operational cost savings: 5 MW 45 Mio kwh/a s.c. cavity doublet with tuner H. Podlech, IAP 17 HPPA 2007

18 IFMIF IAP Proposal: sc CH-Linac H. Podlech, IAP 18 HPPA 2007

19 People U. Ratzinger H. Klein H. Podlech H. Liebermann C. Zhang A. Bechtold C. Clemente R. Tiede M. Busch F. Dziuba D. Bänsch I. Müller H. Podlech, IAP 19 HPPA 2007

20 Conclusion The CH-structure is a very efficient DTL-Structure larger real estate gradient, smaller number of sub-systems reliability, cost reduction Suitable for room temperature and superconducting operation Prototypes have been developed and tested successfully Projects: FAIR p-linac, EUROTRANS, IFMIF H. Podlech, IAP 20 HPPA 2007

21 Thank you for your attention H. Podlech, IAP 21 HPPA 2007

22 Effective Shunt Impedance of DTL-Cavities H. Podlech, IAP 22 HPPA 2007

23 r.t. CH-cavity and MEBT for EUROTRANS ~ 175 cm ~ 215 cm Steerer diagnostic H. Podlech, IAP 23 HPPA 2007

24 Envelopes r.t. CH-cavity Tubes Quads H. Podlech, IAP 24 HPPA 2007

25 Beam Dynamics (KONUS) Code: LORASR KONUS (Combined Zero Degree Structure) 0-degree-sections reduce rf defocusing Less focusing elements required long lens free sections slim drift tubes high shunt impedance Strong triplet-channel H. Podlech, IAP 25 HPPA 2007

MYRRHA Injector Design

MYRRHA Injector Design Horst Klein Dominik Mäder, Holger Podlech, Ulrich Ratzinger, Alwin Schempp, Rudolf Tiede, Markus Vossberg, Chuan Zhang Institute for Applied Physics, Goethe-University Frankfurt