Mechanical Response Of A Nylon Woven Fabric With A Cut
|
|
- Edmund Wiggins
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Mechanical Response O A Nlon Woven Fabric With A Cut Fu-Pen Chiang and Fernando Cuenca Department o Mechanical Engineering, State Universit o New York at Ston Brook Ston Brook, NY ABSTRACT The understanding o the mechanical response o abrics is important as the range o its applications becomes more signiicant. This paper presents the eperimental results o uniaial tension tests perormed on uncoated nlon abric specimens under the presence o an inclined cut or slit as studied using the white light speckle method. Deormation contours or dierent slit inclinations are presented and the corresponding strain ields eplained. Kewords: Nlon abric; White light speckle method; Uniaial tensile test; Nondestructive evaluation; Inclined cut; Shear bands INTRODUCTION The stud o tear propagation in uncoated woven abrics has been a problem o interest in the past ears given the increasing use o this tpe o materials in inlatable and tension structures, parachute canopies and geotetile-reinorced geotechnical structures [1-3]. The importance o this stud relies on the possibilit o cut or puncture during manipulation or operation o the material. Given the proper conditions this accidental cuts or punctures can be the source o rapidl propagating damage resulting on the catastrophic ailure o the structure. Although work has been done on the understanding o the mechanical behavior o uncoated nlon abrics in pristine condition [4] and the mechanical response under tearing [5], little work has been done on the eects o initial cut geometr on the global response o the material. This tpe o eperimental stud requires non-standard techniques; it requires a technique capable o non-destructive and non-disruptive evaluation o the deormation patterns in the material. This eperimental technique is the white light speckle method The use o the white light speckle method in this stud is to measure the in plane displacements which can de directl linked to corresponding strains. The displacements are deduced rom the comparison o random speckle patterns on the specimen surace generated when it is illuminated with incoherent light ater two consecutive load steps. The technique is a whole ield, high resolution non-destructive one and can be used in man dierent tpes o materials [6]. This paper gives qualitative results on the deormation patterns observed on an uncoated nlon abric with the presence o an embedded sharp cut or slit under the application o uniaial tension and the inluence o the inclination o the slit on the response o the material. THE WHITE LIGHT SPECKLE METHOD The white light speckle method is one o several speckle techniques used in the non-destructive testing ield [7-8]. Basicall what the white light speckle method does is as ollows: First a random speckle pattern must be created on the surace o the specimen, which is the illuminated with an incoherent light beam. As the load steps take place, consequent deormation and rigid bod motion o the specimen correspond to a displacement o the speckle pattern. Instead o ollowing each and ever speckle s movement, the average displacement o a cluster o speckles is obtained as described in the ollowing. A digital camera, speciicall a CCD camera, is used to digitize the speckle patterns beore and ater application o load and consequent deormation. The digitized speckle patterns are then divided in subimages o a certain piel size (e.g piels). The unctions h1() and h2() are the comple amplitudes o the light disturbance o a generic speckle subimage beore and ater deormation. The unction h2() is nothing but the original h1() unction with the added displacements:
2 [ u( ), v( )] h2 ( ) = h1 Where u and v are the displacements in the and directions respectivel. The procedure now is to appl a FFT to both h1 and h2 to ind a numerical intererence between the two speckle patterns in the spectral domain: H1( ) H 2 ( ) F( ) = = ep{ j[ φ1( ) φ2( H (, ) H (, ) 1 2 * )]} where, ) and, ) are the phases o H 1 (, ) and H 2 (, ), respectivel. Finall, a halo unction is obtained b an additional FFT, i.e., G( ξ, η) = I{ F(, )} = G( ξ u, η v) Which is an epanded unction located at (u,v). B determining the peak o this impulse unction, the displacement vector o the speckle cluster in the subimage can be determined uniquel. Once this has been determined, strain distributions can be calculated using displacement/strain relations. EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS The same uncoated nlon abric used b Hong, Chang and Chiang [4] was used in this stud. Uniaial tension tests were conducted on nlon abric specimens 3 inches wide and 10 inches long, to which a central cut or slit has been introduced a priori. This slit is located at a considerable distance rom the edges o the specimen to avoid boundar eects. The eperiment was displacement controlled, at a rate o 0.2 inches/min. Dierent uniaial tension tests were carried out changing the inclination o the angle φ o the slit, as seen in Figure 1. Figure 1. Eperimental set up or tear stud. The inclination angles used in this stud were 18.45, 33.7, 45 and 56.3 degrees. This angles where chosen given their relative ease to be cut with precision on the abric. Figure 2 shows the vertical displacement contours as obtained b the speckle method, where it can be seen that there is shear strain above and below the slits, especiall near its tips. For this small angle the strain distribution tends to be uniorm on both sides o the slit, with the middle o the band showing normal strains. This will be relected in the tendenc o the slit to open as the load is increased, which was observed eperimentall.
3 Figure 2. Vertical displacement contours or a abric with a central crack inclined degrees as obtained b speckle With the increment o load two phenomena were observed. First the rotation o the slit, which is largel attributed to the Poisson eect eperienced b the material with the increment o load (etension in the load direction combined with compression in the orthogonal direction). Secondl it was observed that at a suicient load, the regions in the vicinit behind o the slit tip will go out o plane and continue to do so until ailure o the undamaged ibers in the vicinit ahead o the slit tip, as shown in the circled areas o Figure 3. Figure 3. Detail o nlon abric specimen with central slit under uniaial loading. As the cut inclination was increased, it could be observed that the shear strain would not be uniorm near the tips o the slit (the ringes are a lot closer to one another on one side o the slit than on the other) and most importantl the width o the normal strain region was reduced signiicantl. The latter is the reason wh at inclinations o more than 45 degrees the slit won t open but retain a sharp elliptical shape. For this latter case the ar ield is also aected b the slit at relativel large loads. This phenomena is illustrated in Figure 4 a, b and c.
4 Figure 4 a) Vertical displacement contours or a abric with a central crack inclined 33.7 degrees as obtained b speckle Figure 4 b) Vertical displacement contours or a abric with a central crack inclined 45 degrees as obtained b speckle
5 CONCLUSIONS Figure 4 c) Vertical displacement contours or a abric with a central crack inclined degrees as obtained b speckle It was observed that the behavior o an uncoated nlon abric with the presence o a sharp slit under uniaial loading depends on the inclination o the cut relative to the horizontal plane. As this inclination increases the shear strain distribution above and below the slit tips becomes non-uniorm when comparing both sides o the slit, reducing the also present normal strain, causing the slit not to open. Failure starts when the undamaged ibers in ront o the slit tip break under tension, as described b Godre and Rossettos. Rotation o the slit is observed and it is attributed to the Poisson eect eperienced b the material. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The work reported here was supported in part b the Oice o Naval Research Grant # N (Dr. Yapa D.S. Rajapakse: Program Manager) REFERENCES 1. Godre, T. A. and Rossettos, J. H., The onset o tearing at slits in stressed coated plain weave abrics, Journal o Applied Mechanics Transactions o the ASME, Vol.71, No.6, 2004, pp Cavallaro, P., Quigle, C., Johnson, M. E. and Sadegh, A. M., Mechanical Modeling o Inlated Woven Fabrics or Structural Applications, U.S. Arm Smposium on Solid Mechanics, Ma 4-7, 2003, Charlotte, NC (in press). 3. Quigle, C. and Cavallaro, P., Evaluations o Pressure Stiened Air Beam Finite Elements Used in the Design o Highl Mobile Airsupported Structures, U.S. Arm Smposium on Solid Mechanics, Ma 4-7, 2003, Charlotte, NC. 4. Hong, D., Chang, S. and Chiang, F.P., Mechanical Properties o a Nlon Fabric, Proceedings o the American Societ or Composites 18 th Technical Conerence. 5. Godre, T. A. and Rossettos, J. N., The Onset o Tear Propagation at Slits in Stressed Uncoated Plain Weave Fabrics, Journal o Applied Mechanics, Transactions o ASME, Vol. 66, 1999, pp Asundi, A. and Chiang, F. P., Theor and Applications o the White Light Speckle Method or Strain Analsis, Optical Engineering, Vol.21, No.4, 1982, pp Chiang, F. P., Evolution o white light speckle method and its application to micro/nanotechnolog and heart mechanics, Optical Engineering, Vol. 42, No.5, 2003, pp Chen, D.J. and Chiang, F.P., Computer Aided Speckle Intererometr Using Spectral Amplitude Fringes, Applied Optics 3(2), , 1993.
THE EFFECT OF THE SPINDLE SYSTEM ON THE POSITION OF CIRCULAR SAW TEETH A STATIC APPROACH
TRIESKOVÉ A BEZTRIESKOVÉ OBRÁBANIE DREVA 2006 12. - 14. 10. 2006 305 THE EFFECT OF THE SPINDLE SYSTEM ON THE POSITION OF CIRCULAR SAW TEETH A STATIC APPROACH Roman Wasielewski - Kazimierz A. Orłowski Abstract
More informationIntroduction to polarization of light
Chapter 2 Introduction to polarization of light This Chapter treats the polarization of electromagnetic waves. In Section 2.1 the concept of light polarization is discussed and its Jones formalism is presented.
More informationCOMPLEX STRESS TUTORIAL 3 COMPLEX STRESS AND STRAIN
COMPLX STRSS TUTORIAL COMPLX STRSS AND STRAIN This tutorial is not part of the decel unit mechanical Principles but covers elements of the following sllabi. o Parts of the ngineering Council eam subject
More informationStructural Integrity Analysis
Structural Integrity Analysis 1. STRESS CONCENTRATION Igor Kokcharov 1.1 STRESSES AND CONCENTRATORS 1.1.1 Stress An applied external force F causes inner forces in the carrying structure. Inner forces
More informationThe Geometry of Perspective Projection
The Geometry o Perspective Projection Pinhole camera and perspective projection - This is the simplest imaging device which, however, captures accurately the geometry o perspective projection. -Rays o
More informationOptics. Kepler's telescope and Galileo's telescope. f 1. f 2. LD Physics Leaflets P5.1.4.2. Geometrical optics Optical instruments
Optics Geometrical optics Optical instruments LD Physics Lealets P5.1.4.2 Kepler's telescope and Galileo's telescope Objects o the experiment g Veriying that the length o a telescope is given by the sum
More informationA RAPID METHOD FOR WATER TARGET EXTRACTION IN SAR IMAGE
A RAPI METHO FOR WATER TARGET EXTRACTION IN SAR IMAGE WANG ong a, QIN Ping a ept. o Surveying and Geo-inormatic Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. - wangdong75@gmail.com ept. o Inormation, East
More informationNATIONAL SENIOR CERTIFICATE GRADE 12
NATIONAL SENI CERTIFICATE GRADE 1 PHYSICAL SCIENCES: PHYSICS (P1) NOVEMBER 010 MEMANDUM MARKS: 150 This memorandum consists o 3 pages. NOTE: Marking rule 1.5 was changed according to decisions taken at
More informationES240 Solid Mechanics Fall 2007. Stress field and momentum balance. Imagine the three-dimensional body again. At time t, the material particle ( x, y,
S40 Solid Mechanics Fall 007 Stress field and momentum balance. Imagine the three-dimensional bod again. At time t, the material particle,, ) is under a state of stress ij,,, force per unit volume b b,,,.
More informationDiffraction of a Circular Aperture
Diffraction of a Circular Aperture Diffraction can be understood by considering the wave nature of light. Huygen's principle, illustrated in the image below, states that each point on a propagating wavefront
More informationA Study on Intelligent Video Security Surveillance System with Active Tracking Technology in Multiple Objects Environment
Vol. 6, No., April, 01 A Stud on Intelligent Video Securit Surveillance Sstem with Active Tracking Technolog in Multiple Objects Environment Juhun Park 1, Jeonghun Choi 1, 1, Moungheum Park, Sukwon Hong
More informationBending, Forming and Flexing Printed Circuits
Bending, Forming and Flexing Printed Circuits John Coonrod Rogers Corporation Introduction: In the printed circuit board industry there are generally two main types of circuit boards; there are rigid printed
More informationCOMPUTATIONAL ENGINEERING OF FINITE ELEMENT MODELLING FOR AUTOMOTIVE APPLICATION USING ABAQUS
International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 30 52, Article ID: IJARET_07_02_004 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijaret/issues.asp?jtype=ijaret&vtype=7&itype=2
More informationAffine Transformations
A P P E N D I X C Affine Transformations CONTENTS C The need for geometric transformations 335 C2 Affine transformations 336 C3 Matri representation of the linear transformations 338 C4 Homogeneous coordinates
More informationMesh Moving Techniques for Fluid-Structure Interactions With Large Displacements
K. Stein Department of Physics, Bethel College, St. Paul, MN 55112 T. Tezduyar Mechanical Engineering, Rice University, MS 321, Houston, TX 77005 R. Benney Natick Soldier Center, Natick, MA 01760 Mesh
More informationSolving Newton s Second Law Problems
Solving ewton s Second Law Problems Michael Fowler, Phys 142E Lec 8 Feb 5, 2009 Zero Acceleration Problems: Forces Add to Zero he Law is F ma : the acceleration o a given body is given by the net orce
More informationSECTION 2.2. Distance and Midpoint Formulas; Circles
SECTION. Objectives. Find the distance between two points.. Find the midpoint of a line segment.. Write the standard form of a circle s equation.. Give the center and radius of a circle whose equation
More informationENGINEERING METROLOGY
ENGINEERING METROLOGY ACADEMIC YEAR 92-93, SEMESTER ONE COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINES OPTICAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS; DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Coordinate Measuring
More informationbi directional loading). Prototype ten story
NEESR SG: Behavior, Analysis and Design of Complex Wall Systems The laboratory testing presented here was conducted as part of a larger effort that employed laboratory testing and numerical simulation
More informationBeam Deflections: Second-Order Method
10 eam Deflections: Second-Order Method 10 1 Lecture 10: EM DEFLECTIONS: SECOND-ORDER METHOD TLE OF CONTENTS Page 10.1 Introduction..................... 10 3 10.2 What is a eam?................... 10 3
More informationIntroduction to Measurements & Error Analysis
Introduction to Measurements & Error Analsis The Uncertaint o Measurements Some numerical statements are eact: Mar has 3 brothers, and + 4. However, all measurements have some degree o uncertaint that
More informationEQUILIBRIUM STRESS SYSTEMS
EQUILIBRIUM STRESS SYSTEMS Definition of stress The general definition of stress is: Stress = Force Area where the area is the cross-sectional area on which the force is acting. Consider the rectangular
More informationTHERMAL DEFORMATIONS OF CARBON/EPOXY LAMINATES FOR TEMPERATURE VARIATION
HERMAL DEFORMAIONS OF CARBON/EPOXY LAMINAES FOR EMPERAURE VARIAION K. Joon Yoon and Ju-Sik Kim Department of Aerospace Engineering, Konkuk Universit Kwangjin-gu, Seoul 43-7, Korea SUMMARY: Effects of anisotrop
More informationDEFORMATION ANALYSIS USING SHEAROGRAPHY
DEFORMATION ANALYSIS USING SHEAROGRAPHY b Francisco Javier Casillas Rodríguez Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor in sciences (Optics at Centro de Investigaciones
More information3 The boundary layer equations
3 The boundar laer equations Having introduced the concept of the boundar laer (BL), we now turn to the task of deriving the equations that govern the flow inside it. We focus throughout on the case of
More informationMODELING AND CONTACT ANALYSIS OF CROWNED SPUR GEAR TEETH
Engineering MECHANICS, Vol. 18, 2011, No. 1, p. 65 78 65 MODELING AND CONTACT ANALYSIS OF CROWNED SPUR GEAR TEETH Ramalingam Gurumani*, Subramaniam Shanmugam* This paper provides a novel method to model
More informationDESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BRIDGE WITH TWO ENDS FIXED ON VERTICAL WALL USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 34-44, Article ID: IJCIET_07_02_003 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=2
More informationNumerical Analysis of Independent Wire Strand Core (IWSC) Wire Rope
Numerical Analysis of Independent Wire Strand Core (IWSC) Wire Rope Rakesh Sidharthan 1 Gnanavel B K 2 Assistant professor Mechanical, Department Professor, Mechanical Department, Gojan engineering college,
More informationIntroduction to Plates
Chapter Introduction to Plates Plate is a flat surface having considerabl large dimensions as compared to its thickness. Common eamples of plates in civil engineering are. Slab in a building.. Base slab
More informationDesign of Members. Rui Simões. Department of Civil Engineering University of Coimbra
Design o embers Rui Simões Department o Civil Engineering Universit o Coimbra Eurocodes Design o steel buildings with worked examples Brussels, 6 7 October 04 Contents Introduction Design o columns Design
More information19 - RAY OPTICS Page 1 ( Answers at the end of all questions )
19 - RAY OPTICS Page 1 1 ) A ish looking up through the water sees the outside world contained in a circular horizon. I the reractive index o water is 4 / 3 and the ish is 1 cm below the surace, the radius
More information)$&8/7(,7Ã72(*(3$67(Ã:(7(16&+$33(1 '(3$57(0(17Ã%85*(5/,-.(Ã%28:.81'( $)'(/,1*Ã%28:0(&+$1,&$ %Ã+(9(5/(( ,5Ã%$57Ã3((7(56Ã5(6($5&+Ã$66,67$17
)$&8/7(,7Ã7(*(3$67(Ã:(7(6&+$33( '(3$7((7Ã%8*(/,-.(Ã%8:.8'( $)'(/,*Ã%8:(&+$,&$ :Ã'(Ã&
More informationChapter 8. Lines and Planes. By the end of this chapter, you will
Chapter 8 Lines and Planes In this chapter, ou will revisit our knowledge of intersecting lines in two dimensions and etend those ideas into three dimensions. You will investigate the nature of planes
More informationHorizontal Cone Penetration Testing in Sand
PP Rahardjo & T Lunne (eds) In Situ Measurements and Case Histories, Bandung, Indonesia, 21, pp 649 654 Horizontal Cone Penetration Testing in Sand W Broere Geotechnical Laboratory, Delt University o Technology,
More informationPullout Testing of Xgrid PET PVC 40/20 IT and Xgrid PET PVC 80/30 IT In Sand
Xgrid PET PVC 40 30 IT and PET PVC 80 30 IT in Sand - Pullout Testing Page 1 Pullout Testing of Xgrid PET PVC 40/20 IT and Xgrid PET PVC 80/30 IT In Sand February, 2006 Submitted to: TEMA Technologies
More informationIMPROVING THE STRUT AND TIE METHOD BY INCLUDING THE CONCRETE SOFTENING EFFECT
International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET) Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2016, pp. 117 127, Article ID: IJCIET_07_02_009 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijciet/issues.asp?jtype=ijciet&vtype=7&itype=2
More information3D Arm Motion Tracking for Home-based Rehabilitation
hapter 13 3D Arm Motion Tracking for Home-based Rehabilitation Y. Tao and H. Hu 13.1 Introduction This paper presents a real-time hbrid solution to articulated 3D arm motion tracking for home-based rehabilitation
More informationWAVELENGTH OF LIGHT - DIFFRACTION GRATING
PURPOSE In this experiment we will use the diffraction grating and the spectrometer to measure wavelengths in the mercury spectrum. THEORY A diffraction grating is essentially a series of parallel equidistant
More informationImage Forensic Analyses that Elude the Human Visual System
Image Forensic Analyses that Elude the Human Visual System Hany Farid a and Mary J. Bravo b a Department o Computer Science, Dartmouth College, Hanover NH 3755, USA b Psychology Department, Rutgers University,
More information3D Stress Components. From equilibrium principles: τ xy = τ yx, τ xz = τ zx, τ zy = τ yz. Normal Stresses. Shear Stresses
3D Stress Components From equilibrium principles:, z z, z z The most general state of stress at a point ma be represented b 6 components Normal Stresses Shear Stresses Normal stress () : the subscript
More informationStructural Axial, Shear and Bending Moments
Structural Axial, Shear and Bending Moments Positive Internal Forces Acting Recall from mechanics of materials that the internal forces P (generic axial), V (shear) and M (moment) represent resultants
More informationDrained and Undrained Conditions. Undrained and Drained Shear Strength
Drained and Undrained Conditions Undrained and Drained Shear Strength Lecture No. October, 00 Drained condition occurs when there is no change in pore water pressure due to external loading. In a drained
More informationSimulation of Electromagnetic Leakage from a Microwave Oven
Simulation of Electromagnetic Leakage from a Microwave Oven Ana Maria Rocha (1), Margarida Facão (), João Pedro Sousa (3), António Viegas (4) (1) Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, Teka Portugal
More information10ème Congrès Français d'acoustique Lyon, 12-16 Avril 2010
ème Congrès Français d'acoustique Lyon, -6 Avril Finite element simulation of the critically refracted longitudinal wave in a solid medium Weina Ke, Salim Chaki Ecole des Mines de Douai, 94 rue Charles
More informationHow To Write An Analysis System For Bridge Test
Study of Analysis System for Bridge Test Chen Ke, Lu Jian-Ming, Research Institute of Highway, 100088, Beijing, China (chenkezi@163.com, lujianming@263.net) Summary Analysis System for Bridge Test (Chinese
More informationAM Receiver. Prelab. baseband
AM Receiver Prelab In this experiment you will use what you learned in your previous lab sessions to make an AM receiver circuit. You will construct an envelope detector AM receiver. P1) Introduction One
More information6) How wide must a narrow slit be if the first diffraction minimum occurs at ±12 with laser light of 633 nm?
Test IV Name 1) In a single slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit is 3.1 10-5 m and the distance from the slit to the screen is 2.2 m. If the beam of light of wavelength 600 nm passes through
More informationLength, Finland, MIKES (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Centre for Metrology / Mittatekniikan keskus)
absolute mise en pratigue: mise en pratigue: absolute absolute Level or Range 633 633 nm 0.04 fm 2 95% No 1 474 474 THz 24 khz 2 95% No 1 532 532 nm 0.08 fm 2 95% No 50 563 563 THz 0.08 MHz 2 95% No 51
More informationTRAVELING WAVE EFFECTS ON NONLINEAR SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE GRAVITY DAMS
TRAVELING WAVE EFFECTS ON NONLINEAR SEISMIC BEHAVIOR OF CONCRETE GRAVITY DAMS H. Mirzabozorg 1, M. R. Kianoush 2 and M. Varmazyari 3 1,3 Assistant Professor and Graduate Student respectively, Department
More informationTraffic Monitoring Systems. Technology and sensors
Traffic Monitoring Systems Technology and sensors Technology Inductive loops Cameras Lidar/Ladar and laser Radar GPS etc Inductive loops Inductive loops signals Inductive loop sensor The inductance signal
More informationSolid Mechanics. Stress. What you ll learn: Motivation
Solid Mechanics Stress What you ll learn: What is stress? Why stress is important? What are normal and shear stresses? What is strain? Hooke s law (relationship between stress and strain) Stress strain
More informationEFFECTS ON NUMBER OF CABLES FOR MODAL ANALYSIS OF CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES
EFFECTS ON NUMBER OF CABLES FOR MODAL ANALYSIS OF CABLE-STAYED BRIDGES Yang-Cheng Wang Associate Professor & Chairman Department of Civil Engineering Chinese Military Academy Feng-Shan 83000,Taiwan Republic
More informationHardened Concrete. Lecture No. 14
Hardened Concrete Lecture No. 14 Strength of Concrete Strength of concrete is commonly considered its most valuable property, although in many practical cases, other characteristics, such as durability
More informationEXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE COLLAR PRODUCTION ON THE PIERCED FLAT SHEET METAL USING LASER FORMING PROCESS
JOURNAL OF CURRENT RESEARCH IN SCIENCE (ISSN 2322-5009) CODEN (USA): JCRSDJ 2014, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp:277-284 Available at www.jcrs010.com ORIGINAL ARTICLE EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE COLLAR
More informationSeismic Analysis and Design of Steel Liquid Storage Tanks
Vol. 1, 005 CSA Academic Perspective 0 Seismic Analysis and Design of Steel Liquid Storage Tanks Lisa Yunxia Wang California State Polytechnic University Pomona ABSTRACT Practicing engineers face many
More informationCourse in. Nonlinear FEM
Course in Introduction Outline Lecture 1 Introduction Lecture 2 Geometric nonlinearity Lecture 3 Material nonlinearity Lecture 4 Material nonlinearity continued Lecture 5 Geometric nonlinearity revisited
More informationEstimating the Mean and Variance of. Activity Duration in PERT
International Mathematical Forum, 5, 010, no. 18, 861-868 Estimating the Mean and Variance of Activit Duration in PERT N. Ravi Shankar 1, K. Sura Naraana Rao, V. Sireesha 1 1 Department of Applied Mathematics,GIS
More informationprevious home section next
Structural Faults and Repair 2001 previous home section next SEISMIC REHABILITATION OF STATE STREET BRIDGE CP Pantelides, Y Okahashi, D Moran University o Utah Dept o Civil & Environmental Engineering
More informationVisualization of the healing process on reinforced concrete beams by application of Digital Image Correlation (DIC)
Materials Characterisation VI 283 Visualization of the healing process on reinforced concrete beams by application of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) E. Tsangouri 1, K. Van Tittelboom 2, D.Van Hemelrijck
More informationFraunhofer Diffraction
Physics 334 Spring 1 Purpose Fraunhofer Diffraction The experiment will test the theory of Fraunhofer diffraction at a single slit by comparing a careful measurement of the angular dependence of intensity
More informationDetermination of source parameters from seismic spectra
Topic Determination of source parameters from seismic spectra Authors Michael Baumbach, and Peter Bormann (formerly GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany); E-mail: pb65@gmx.net
More informationNumerical modelling of shear connection between concrete slab and sheeting deck
7th fib International PhD Symposium in Civil Engineering 2008 September 10-13, Universität Stuttgart, Germany Numerical modelling of shear connection between concrete slab and sheeting deck Noémi Seres
More informationUltrasonic Reference Blocks
Ultrasonic Reference Blocks Custom and Standard Test Blocks for Nondestructive Testing Introduction 3 IIW Type 1 Calibration Block 4 Miniature Angle Beam (ROMPAS) Calibration Block 4 Distance Calibration
More information4.3 Results... 27 4.3.1 Drained Conditions... 27 4.3.2 Undrained Conditions... 28 4.4 References... 30 4.5 Data Files... 30 5 Undrained Analysis of
Table of Contents 1 One Dimensional Compression of a Finite Layer... 3 1.1 Problem Description... 3 1.1.1 Uniform Mesh... 3 1.1.2 Graded Mesh... 5 1.2 Analytical Solution... 6 1.3 Results... 6 1.3.1 Uniform
More informationExample: Document Clustering. Clustering: Definition. Notion of a Cluster can be Ambiguous. Types of Clusterings. Hierarchical Clustering
Overview Prognostic Models and Data Mining in Medicine, part I Cluster Analsis What is Cluster Analsis? K-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering Cluster Validit Eample: Microarra data analsis 6 Summar
More informationFTIR Instrumentation
FTIR Instrumentation Adopted from the FTIR lab instruction by H.-N. Hsieh, New Jersey Institute of Technology: http://www-ec.njit.edu/~hsieh/ene669/ftir.html 1. IR Instrumentation Two types of instrumentation
More informationBack to Elements - Tetrahedra vs. Hexahedra
Back to Elements - Tetrahedra vs. Hexahedra Erke Wang, Thomas Nelson, Rainer Rauch CAD-FEM GmbH, Munich, Germany Abstract This paper presents some analytical results and some test results for different
More informationIntroduction to Mechanical Behavior of Biological Materials
Introduction to Mechanical Behavior of Biological Materials Ozkaya and Nordin Chapter 7, pages 127-151 Chapter 8, pages 173-194 Outline Modes of loading Internal forces and moments Stiffness of a structure
More informationPulsed Fourier Transform NMR The rotating frame of reference. The NMR Experiment. The Rotating Frame of Reference.
Pulsed Fourier Transform NR The rotating frame of reference The NR Eperiment. The Rotating Frame of Reference. When we perform a NR eperiment we disturb the equilibrium state of the sstem and then monitor
More informationHow To Fix Out Of Focus And Blur Images With A Dynamic Template Matching Algorithm
IJSTE - International Journal of Science Technology & Engineering Volume 1 Issue 10 April 2015 ISSN (online): 2349-784X Image Estimation Algorithm for Out of Focus and Blur Images to Retrieve the Barcode
More informationPlane Stress Transformations
6 Plane Stress Transformations 6 1 Lecture 6: PLANE STRESS TRANSFORMATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 6.1 Introduction..................... 6 3 6. Thin Plate in Plate Stress................ 6 3 6.3 D Stress
More informationRadius Compensation G40, G41, & G42 (cutter radius compensation for machining centers, tool nose radius compensation for turning centers)
Radius Compensation G40, G41, & G42 (cutter radius compensation for machining centers, tool nose radius compensation for turning centers) These features are commonly well covered in most basic CNC courses.
More informationProblem Set 5 Work and Kinetic Energy Solutions
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department o Physics Physics 8.1 Fall 1 Problem Set 5 Work and Kinetic Energy Solutions Problem 1: Work Done by Forces a) Two people push in opposite directions on
More informationCopyright 2005 IEEE. Reprinted from IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 2005
Copyright 2005 IEEE Reprinted rom IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium 2005 This material is posted here with permission o the IEEE. Such permission o the IEEE does t in any way imply IEEE endorsement
More informationEN 13445-5:2002 (E) Issue 27 (2007-06)
Issue 27 (2007-06) Annex A (normative) Inspection and testing o serially produced pressure vessels Model acceptance...48 A.1 Introduction...48 A.2 Limitations or vessels permitted to be clasiied as serially
More informationThe Bonelle Tool and Cutter Grinder
The Bonelle Tool and Cutter Grinder The grinder was constructed about 1987 and exhibited at the 89th Model Engineering exhibition where it was awarded a bronze medal (see ME Vol164 No 3868 page 273). Subsequently
More informationObjective To conduct Charpy V-notch impact test and determine the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steels.
IMPACT TESTING Objective To conduct Charpy V-notch impact test and determine the ductile-brittle transition temperature of steels. Equipment Coolants Standard Charpy V-Notched Test specimens Impact tester
More informationImage Formation. 7-year old s question. Reference. Lecture Overview. It receives light from all directions. Pinhole
Image Formation Reerence http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/lens_(optics) Reading: Chapter 1, Forsyth & Ponce Optional: Section 2.1, 2.3, Horn. The slides use illustrations rom these books Some o the ollowing
More informationRobot Perception Continued
Robot Perception Continued 1 Visual Perception Visual Odometry Reconstruction Recognition CS 685 11 Range Sensing strategies Active range sensors Ultrasound Laser range sensor Slides adopted from Siegwart
More informationFIXED INCOME ATTRIBUTION
Sotware Requirement Speciication FIXED INCOME ATTRIBUTION Authors Risto Lehtinen Version Date Comment 0.1 2007/02/20 First Drat Table o Contents 1 Introduction... 3 1.1 Purpose o Document... 3 1.2 Glossary,
More informationMaking Better Medical Devices with Multisensor Metrology
Making Better Medical Devices with Multisensor Metrology by Nate J. Rose, Chief Applications Engineer, Optical Gaging Products (OGP) Multisensor metrology is becoming a preferred quality control technology
More informationDip is the vertical angle perpendicular to strike between the imaginary horizontal plane and the inclined planar geological feature.
Geological Visualization Tools and Structural Geology Geologists use several visualization tools to understand rock outcrop relationships, regional patterns and subsurface geology in 3D and 4D. Geological
More informationPower functions: f(x) = x n, n is a natural number The graphs of some power functions are given below. n- even n- odd
5.1 Polynomial Functions A polynomial unctions is a unction o the orm = a n n + a n-1 n-1 + + a 1 + a 0 Eample: = 3 3 + 5 - The domain o a polynomial unction is the set o all real numbers. The -intercepts
More informationTeacher Page. 1. Reflect a figure with vertices across the x-axis. Find the coordinates of the new image.
Teacher Page Geometr / Da # 10 oordinate Geometr (5 min.) 9-.G.3.1 9-.G.3.2 9-.G.3.3 9-.G.3. Use rigid motions (compositions of reflections, translations and rotations) to determine whether two geometric
More informationAnalyzing Facial Expressions for Virtual Conferencing
Animating Virtual Humans Analzing Facial Epressions for Virtual Conferencing Video coding applications such as video conferencing, telepresence, and teleteaching have attracted considerable interest in
More informationSheet Metal Shearing & Bending
Training Objective After watching the program and reviewing this printed material, the viewer will gain a knowledge and understanding of the principles and machine methods of shearing and bending sheetmetal
More informationOptical Metrology. Third Edition. Kjell J. Gasvik Spectra Vision AS, Trondheim, Norway JOHN WILEY & SONS, LTD
2008 AGI-Information Management Consultants May be used for personal purporses only or by libraries associated to dandelon.com network. Optical Metrology Third Edition Kjell J. Gasvik Spectra Vision AS,
More informationCHAP 4 FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF BEAMS AND FRAMES INTRODUCTION
CHAP FINITE EEMENT ANAYSIS OF BEAMS AND FRAMES INTRODUCTION We learned Direct Stiffness Method in Chapter imited to simple elements such as D bars we will learn Energ Method to build beam finite element
More informationMicro-CT for SEM Non-destructive Measurement and Volume Visualization of Specimens Internal Microstructure in SEM Micro-CT Innovation with Integrity
Micro-CT for SEM Non-destructive Measurement and Volume Visualization of Specimens Internal Microstructure in SEM Innovation with Integrity Micro-CT 3D Microscopy Using Micro-CT for SEM Micro-CT for SEM
More informationA COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO METHODOLOGIES FOR NON LINEAR FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF KNIFE EDGE GATE VALVE SLEEVE
International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET) Volume 6, Issue 12, Dec 2015, pp. 81-90, Article ID: IJMET_06_12_009 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/ijmet/issues.asp?jtype=ijmet&vtype=6&itype=12
More information1. a. standard form of a parabola with. 2 b 1 2 horizontal axis of symmetry 2. x 2 y 2 r 2 o. standard form of an ellipse centered
Conic Sections. Distance Formula and Circles. More on the Parabola. The Ellipse and Hperbola. Nonlinear Sstems of Equations in Two Variables. Nonlinear Inequalities and Sstems of Inequalities In Chapter,
More informationSolving Quadratic Equations by Graphing. Consider an equation of the form. y ax 2 bx c a 0. In an equation of the form
SECTION 11.3 Solving Quadratic Equations b Graphing 11.3 OBJECTIVES 1. Find an ais of smmetr 2. Find a verte 3. Graph a parabola 4. Solve quadratic equations b graphing 5. Solve an application involving
More informationRidge localizations and networks in thin films compressed by incremental release of large equi-biaxial substrate pre-stretch
Ridge localizations and networks in thin ilms compressed by incremental release o large equi-biaxial substrate pre-stretch By Atsushi Takei 1, Lihua Jin 2, John W. Hutchinson 2, and Hiroyuki Fujita 1.
More informationRELAMINARIZATION OF TURBULENT CHANNEL FLOW USING TRAVELING WAVE-LIKE WALL DEFORMATION
RELAMINARIZATION OF TURBULENT CHANNEL FLOW USING TRAVELING WAVE-LIKE WALL DEFORMATION Rio Nakanishi, Koji Fukagata, Hiroa Mamori Department of Mechanical Engineering Keio Universit Hioshi --, Kohoku-ku,
More informationSECTION 7-4 Algebraic Vectors
7-4 lgebraic Vectors 531 SECTIN 7-4 lgebraic Vectors From Geometric Vectors to lgebraic Vectors Vector ddition and Scalar Multiplication Unit Vectors lgebraic Properties Static Equilibrium Geometric vectors
More information1.6. Piecewise Functions. LEARN ABOUT the Math. Representing the problem using a graphical model
. Piecewise Functions YOU WILL NEED graph paper graphing calculator GOAL Understand, interpret, and graph situations that are described b piecewise functions. LEARN ABOUT the Math A cit parking lot uses
More informationProfessor Alan Hedge, Cornell University, August 2013
Lifting and Back Stress DEA3250/6510 Professor Alan Hedge Low Back Pain Low back pain occurs in 80% of adults at some point in their lives Low back pain is second only to upper respiratory infections as
More informationA Novel Multitouch Interface for 3D Object Manipulation
A Novel Multitouch Interface for 3D Object Manipulation Oscar Kin-Chung Au School of Creative Media City University of Hong Kong kincau@cityu.edu.hk Chiew-Lan Tai Department of Computer Science & Engineering
More informationEvaluation and Design Strategy of an Upper Limb supporting for desktop work
Evaluation and Design Strategy of an Upper Limb supporting for desktop work Ghi-Hwei Kao 1,2, a, Chia-Chi Tai 1, b, Chih-Hsi Ssu 1, c, Chin-Yuan Wang 1, d, Horng-Yi Yu 1, e 1 National Taipei University
More informationChapter XIII. PDD TAR TMR Dose Free Space
Ver 2.11 Chapter XIII PDD TAR TMR Dose Free Space Joseph F. Buono RTT Allied Health Science Nassau Community College 1 Education Drive Garden City, NY 11530-6793 phone: 516-572 - 7536 oice - 9460 Secretary
More information