FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BIOGAS INDUSTRY POLICY INCENTIVES A HISTORY OF BIOGAS ANAEROBIC DIGESTION TABLE 5 SUITABLE

Transcription

1 CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION... 1 STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES... 1 REASONS FOR DOING THE STUDY... 2 INTENDED AUDIENCE... 2 SCOPE OF REPORT... 2 METHODOLOGY... 3 INFORMATION SOURCES... 3 ANALYST CREDENTIALS... 4 RELATED REPORTS... 4 BCC ONLINE SERVICES... 4 DISCLAIMER... 4 CHAPTER TWO: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 5 SUMMARY TABLE MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY WORLD REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS)... 6 SUMMARY FIGURE MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY WORLD REGION, ($ MILLIONS)... 6 CHAPTER THREE: TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW... 7 TABLE 1 GLOBAL PRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTION BY SOURCE, 2010 (BTU QUADRILLION, %)... 7 FIGURE 1 GLOBAL PRIMARY ENERGY PRODUCTION BY SOURCE, 2010 (QUADRILLION BTU, %)... 8 TABLE 2 USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES BY WORLD REGION (MTOE, PRIMARY ENERGY)... 9 BENEFITS OF BIOGAS ENERGY... 9 TABLE 3 GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS BY EMISSION TYPE (%) FIGURE 2 GLOBAL GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS BY EMISSION TYPE (%) BENEFITS OF BIOGAS ENERGY (CONTINUED) ADVANTAGES OF BIOGAS COMPARED TO OTHER FORMS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY BARRIERS TO LARGE-SCALE BIOGAS PLANT DEPLOYMENT BENEFITS OF SMALL-SCALE BIOGAS INSTALLATIONS BARRIERS TO SMALL-SCALE BIOGAS INSTALLATIONS GLOBAL BIOGAS PRODUCTION POTENTIAL TABLE 4 GLOBAL BIOGAS PRODUCTION POTENTIAL BY FEED SOURCE (TOE/YR) FIGURE 3 GLOBAL BIOGAS PRODUCTION POTENTIAL BY FEED SOURCE (TOE/YR)... 15

2 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE BIOGAS INDUSTRY POLICY INCENTIVES A HISTORY OF BIOGAS ANAEROBIC DIGESTION TABLE 5 SUITABLE FEEDSTOCKS FOR ANAEROBIC DIGESTION PROCESS STEPS BIOGAS YIELDS FEEDSTOCKS Feedstocks (Continued) END PRODUCTS Biogas TABLE 6 TYPICAL COMPOSITION OF BIOGAS (%) FIGURE 4 TYPICAL COMPOSITION OF BIOGAS (%) Acidogenic Anaerobic Digestate Methanogenic Digestate Water FIGURE 5 THE BIOGAS VALUE CHAIN UPGRADING FINANCIAL REQUIREMENTS AND COST TABLE 7 COMPARISON OF COST, YIELD, AND PURITY FOR DIFFERENT UPGRADING TECHNOLOGIES (250 NM 3 /H PLANT) CHEMICAL ABSORPTION TABLE 8 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR CHEMICAL ABSORPTION BIOGAS UPGRADING (CO2 REMOVAL) FIGURE 6 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR CHEMICAL ABSORPTION BIOGAS UPGRADING (CO2 REMOVAL, %) FIGURE 6 (CONTINUED) TABLE 9 OPERATING COSTS FOR CHEMICAL ABSORPTION BIOGAS UPGRADING (CO2 REMOVAL) FIGURE 7 OPERATING COSTS FOR CHEMICAL ABSORPTION BIOGAS UPGRADING (CO2 REMOVAL, %) TABLE 10 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR CHEMICAL ABSORPTION BIOGAS UPGRADING (H2S REMOVAL COST, $) FIGURE 8 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR CHEMICAL ABSORPTION BIOGAS UPGRADING (H2S REMOVAL, %) FIGURE 8 (CONTINUED) TABLE 11 OPERATING COSTS FOR CHEMICAL ABSORPTION BIOGAS UPGRADING (H2S REMOVAL) FIGURE 9 OPERATING COSTS FOR CHEMICAL ABSORPTION BIOGAS UPGRADING (H2S REMOVAL, %) WATER SCRUBBING TABLE 12 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR WATER SCRUBBING BIOGAS UPGRADING ($)... 35

3 FIGURE 10 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR WATER SCRUBBING BIOGAS UPGRADING (%) FIGURE 10 (CONTINUED) TABLE 13 OPERATING COSTS FOR WATER SCRUBBING BIOGAS UPGRADING ($) FIGURE 11 OPERATING COSTS FOR WATER SCRUBBING BIOGAS UPGRADING (%) FIGURE 11 (CONTINUED) PSA TABLE 14 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR PSA BIOGAS UPGRADING ($) FIGURE 12 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR PSA BIOGAS UPGRADING (%) TABLE 15 OPERATING COSTS FOR PSA BIOGAS UPGRADING ($) FIGURE 13 OPERATING COSTS FOR PSA BIOGAS UPGRADING (%) CRYOGENIC SEPARATION TABLE 16 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR CRYOGENIC BIOGAS UPGRADING ($) FIGURE 14 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR CRYOGENIC BIOGAS UPGRADING (%) FIGURE 14 (CONTINUED) TABLE 17 OPERATING COSTS FOR CRYOGENIC BIOGAS UPGRADING ($) FIGURE 15 OPERATING COSTS CRYOGENIC FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING (%) MEMBRANE SEPARATION TABLE 18 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR MEMBRANE-BASED BIOGAS UPGRADING ($) FIGURE 16 CAPITAL EQUIPMENT COSTS FOR MEMBRANE-BASED BIOGAS UPGRADING (%) FIGURE 16 (CONTINUED) TABLE 19 OPERATING COSTS FOR MEMBRANE-BASED BIOGAS UPGRADING ($) FIGURE 17 OPERATING COSTS FOR MEMBRANE-BASED BIOGAS UPGRADING (%) FIGURE 17 (CONTINUED) ECONOMIES OF SCALE CHAPTER FOUR: UPGRADING TECHNOLOGIES BIOGAS CONTAMINANTS H 2 S TABLE 20 MAXIMUM H2S CONCENTRATION IN BIOGAS FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS (PPM) TABLE 21 MAXIMUM SULFUR CONCENTRATION IN BIOMETHANE FOR GRID INJECTION... 47

4 TABLE 22 A COMPARISON OF H2S REMOVAL TECHNOLOGIES WATER VAPOR TABLE 23 MAXIMUM MOISTURE CONTENT IN BIOMETHANE FOR GRID INJECTION AMMONIA PARTICLES SILOXANES HALOGENATED HYDROCARBONS OXYGEN TABLE 24 MAXIMUM OXYGEN CONCENTRATION IN BIOMETHANE FOR GRID INJECTION (%) NITROGEN BIOGAS UPGRADING TABLE 25 MAXIMUM CO2 CONCENTRATION IN BIOMETHANE FOR GRID INJECTION (%) FIGURE 18 BIOGAS UPGRADING TECHNOLOGIES PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION Advantages and Disadvantages TABLE 26 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF PSA TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING WATER SCRUBBING Advantages and Disadvantages TABLE 27 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF WATER SCRUBBING TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING PHYSICAL ABSORPTION-CHEMICAL SCRUBBING WITH POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL Advantages and Disadvantages TABLE 28 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF PHYSICAL ABSORPTION TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING CHEMICAL ABSORPTION-CHEMICAL SCRUBBING WITH ORGANIC (AMINE) SOLVENTS Advantages and Disadvantages TABLE 29 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF CHEMICAL ABSORPTION TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY Advantages and Drawbacks TABLE 30 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING CRYOGENIC UPGRADING Advantages and Disadvantages TABLE 31 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS OF CRYOGENIC TECHNOLOGY FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING TABLE 32 A COMPARISON OF MAJOR BIOGAS UPGRADING TECHNOLOGIES... 60

5 ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF GAS CLEANUP TECHNOLOGIES EMERGING UPGRADING TECHNOLOGIES IN SITU METHANE ENRICHMENT IONIC LIQUIDS ECOLOGICAL LUNG MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE TABLE 33 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS CONSTRUCTED ANNUALLY BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 1981 JUNE 2011 (NO.) FIGURE 19 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS CONSTRUCTED ANNUALLY BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 1981 JUNE 2011 (NO.) TABLE 34 CAPACITY OF GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS CONSTRUCTED ANNUALLY BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 1981 JUNE 2011 (NM 3 /H) FIGURE 20 CAPACITY OF GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS CONSTRUCTED ANNUALLY BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, 1981 JUNE 2011 (NM 3 /H) WATER SCRUBBING PSA CHEMICAL ABSORPTION PHYSICAL ABSORPTION MEMBRANE SEPARATION CRYOGENIC TABLE 35 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 21 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, ($ MILLIONS) CHAPTER FIVE: BIOGAS FEED SOURCES MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER BIOWASTE AGRICULTURAL WASTES AND ENERGY CROPS LANDFILL GAS ANAEROBIC DIGESTION IN A LANDFILL MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY FEED SOURCE TABLE 36 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS CONSTRUCTED ANNUALLY BY FEED SOURCE, 1981 JUNE 2011 (NO.) FIGURE 22 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS BY FEED SOURCE AND YEAR, 1981 JUNE 2011 (NO.) AGRICULTURAL WASTES, ENERGY CROPS MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER BIOWASTE... 79

6 LANDFILL GAS TABLE 37 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH OF BIOGAS UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY BY FEED SOURCE, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 23 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH OF BIOGAS UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY BY FEED SOURCE, ($ MILLIONS) CHAPTER SIX: END USES FOR BIOMETHANE GRID INJECTION GRID ACCESS Incentives for Grid Injection TRANSPORTATION FUEL BENEFITS OF USING NATURAL GAS AS TRANSPORTATION FUEL BENEFITS OF USING BIOMETHANE AS A TRANSPORTATION FUEL GLOBAL GROWTH OF NGVS TABLE 38 GLOBAL GROWTH OF NGVS, (MILLIONS) FIGURE 24 GLOBAL GROWTH OF NGVS, (MILLIONS) TABLE 39 MARKET PENETRATION OF TOTAL VEHICLE FLEET IN COUNTRIES WITH A 1% OR GREATER NGV MARKET SHARE, 2010 (%) FIGURE 25 MARKET PENETRATION OF TOTAL VEHICLE FLEET IN COUNTRIES WITH A 1% OR GREATER NGV MARKET SHARE, 2010 (%) POLICIES AND INCENTIVES FOR THE USE OF BIOMETHANE AS TRANSPORTATION FUEL STANDARDS FOR GRID INJECTION AND VEHICLE FUEL TABLE 40 SELECTED STANDARD REQUIREMENTS FOR GRID INJECTION OR FOR UTILIZATION AS VEHICLE FUEL MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY END USE TABLE 41 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS CONSTRUCTED ANNUALLY BY END USE, 1981 JUNE 2011 (NO.) FIGURE 26 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS CONSTRUCTED BY END USE, 1981 JUNE 2011 (NO.) GAS GRID TRANSPORTATION FUEL Transportation Fuel (Continued) TABLE 42 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY BY END USE, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 27 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY BY END USE, ($ MILLIONS) CHAPTER SEVEN: GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING DEVELOPMENT... 98

7 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY WORLD REGION TABLE 43 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS BY REGION, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 28 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS BY REGION, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 44 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY BY REGION, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 29 GLOBAL BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY BY REGION, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 45 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH OF BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT BY WORLD REGION, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 30 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH OF BIOGAS UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY BY WORLD REGION, ($ MILLIONS) CHAPTER EIGHT NORTH AMERICAN MARKET NORTH AMERICAN MARKET TABLE 46 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT IN NORTH AMERICA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 31 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT IN NORTH AMERICA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 47 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT IN NORTH AMERICA BY END USE, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 32 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT IN NORTH AMERICA BY END USE, ($ MILLIONS) TABLE 48 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT IN NORTH AMERICA BY FEED SOURCE, THROUGH 2016 ($ MILLIONS) FIGURE 33 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT IN NORTH AMERICA BY FEED SOURCE, ($ MILLIONS) U.S Barriers to Biogas Upgrading in the U.S CANADA PRODUCTION OF BIOMETHANE IN NORTH AMERICA TABLE 49 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN NORTH AMERICA BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 34 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN NORTH AMERICA BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 50 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %)

8 FIGURE 35 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 51 UPGRADING CAPACITY GROWTH IN NORTH AMERICA BY FEED SOURCE, (NM 3 CUMULATIVE) FIGURE 36 UPGRADING CAPACITY GROWTH IN NORTH AMERICA BY FEED SOURCE, (NM 3 CUMULATIVE) TABLE 52 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN NORTH AMERICA BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 37 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN NORTH AMERICA BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 53 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 38 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 54 UPGRADING CAPACITY GROWTH IN NORTH AMERICA BY END USE, (NM 3, CUMULATIVE) FIGURE 39 UPGRADING CAPACITY GROWTH IN NORTH AMERICA BY END USE, (NM 3, CUMULATIVE) TABLE 55 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN NORTH AMERICA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 40 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN NORTH AMERICA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 56 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 41 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 57 UPGRADING CAPACITY GROWTH IN NORTH AMERICA BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, (NM 3, CUMULATIVE) FIGURE 42 UPGRADING CAPACITY GROWTH IN NORTH AMERICA BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, (NM 3, CUMULATIVE) TABLE 58 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY FACILITY SIZE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 43 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY FACILITY SIZE (NM 3 /H), AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 59 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN NORTH AMERICA BY COUNTRY, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 44 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN NORTH AMERICA BY COUNTRY, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 60 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY COUNTRY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 45 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN NORTH AMERICA BY COUNTRY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %)

9 U.S TABLE 61 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN THE U.S., AUGUST TABLE 62 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN THE U.S. BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 46 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN THE U.S. BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 63 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN THE U.S. BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 47 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN THE U.S. BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 64 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN THE U.S. BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 48 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN THE U.S. BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 65 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN THE U.S. BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 49 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN THE U.S. BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 66 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN THE U.S. BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 50 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN THE U.S. BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 67 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN THE U.S. BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 51 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN THE U.S. BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) Incentives, Barriers to Market Development Net Metering Canada TABLE 68 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN CANADA, AUGUST TABLE 69 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN CANADA BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 52 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN CANADA BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 70 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN CANADA BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 53 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN CANADA BY FEED SOURCE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 71 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN CANADA BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 54 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN CANADA BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 72 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN CANADA BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %)

10 FIGURE 55 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN CANADA BY END USE, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) TABLE 73 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN CANADA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) FIGURE 56 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS IN CANADA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NO., %) TABLE 74 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN CANADA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) FIGURE 57 BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANT CAPACITY IN CANADA BY UPGRADING TECHNOLOGY, AUGUST 2011 (NM 3, %) Incentives, Barriers to Market Development TABLE 75 FEED-IN TARIFFS FOR BIOGAS IN ONTARIO ($/KWH) Mexico Incentives, Barriers to Market Development CHAPTER NINE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE INDUSTRY STRUCTURE MARKET SHARE TABLE 76 ESTIMATED MARKET SHARE FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS, AUGUST 2011 (TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY) FIGURE 58 ESTIMATED MARKET SHARE FOR BIOGAS UPGRADING EQUIPMENT SUPPLIERS, AUGUST 2011 (TOTAL INSTALLED CAPACITY) COMPANY PROFILES ACRONA SYSTEMS TABLE 77 ACRONA UPGRADING PLANTS AIR LIQUIDE CARBOTECH TABLE 78 CARBOTECH UPGRADING PLANTS CIRMAC TABLE 79 CIRMAC BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS DGE GMBH DMT ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY DREYER & BOSSE KRAFTWERKE GMBH GREENLANE BIOGAS TABLE 80 GREENLANE UPGRADING PLANTS TABLE 80 (CONTINUED) TABLE 80 (CONTINUED) GASREC GASTREATMENT SERVICES BV (GTS) GUILD ASSOCIATES TABLE 81 GUILD ASSOCIATES BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS HAASE ENERGIETECHNIK TABLE 82 HAASE BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS

11 KÖHLER & ZIEGLER MALMBERG WATER TABLE 83 MALMBERG UPGRADING PLANTS TABLE 83 (CONTINUED) MT-ENERGIE TABLE 84 MT-ENERGIE UPGRADING PLANTS PROMETHEUS ENERGY PURAC PUREGAS TABLE 85 PURAC PUREGAS UPGRADING PLANTS ROS ROCA ENVIROTEC TABLE 86 ROS ROCA BIOGAS UPGRADING PLANTS TERRACASTUS TECHNOLOGIES VAN DER WIEL STORTGAS XEBEC ADSORPTION TABLE 87 XEBEC REFERENCE PLANTS