TOPICS IN FRENCH CULTURAL HISTORY: COLONIZATION, IMMIGRATION AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN FRANCE Professor Emmanuelle Saada Fall 2005

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1 TOPICS IN FRENCH CULTURAL HISTORY: COLONIZATION, IMMIGRATION AND NATIONAL IDENTITY IN FRANCE Professor Emmanuelle Saada Fall 2005 Course number : G Thursday - 9:45am - 12:15 pm (Class in English) Office hours: Tuesday 2:30 pm 4:30 pm ems8@nyu.edu This class will explore political, historical and sociological aspects of the formation of the French nation. It will interrogate the notion of "national identity" through an exploration of how nation building in France has been shaped by colonization and immigration since the early nineteenth century. In this context, the long and complex relationship between Algeria and France will receive special attention. The last sessions of the class will concentrate on the legacy of colonization and the many questions raised by immigration in contemporary French society. Course Requirements Class participation: 20% Class memos: 30% During the course of the semester, students are responsible for writing 3 brief memos analyzing the week's readings (NO MORE THAN 3 PAGES). These must be sent to all participants on Monday before 12:00 am. Memos should not be a summary of the readings but a spur to discussion. They should be organized as (1) an argumentative discussion of the readings' main analytical and empirical points and (2) a list of questions (3 to 5 questions) about the readings that you would like to discuss in class. Research Paper (15-20 pages): 50 % In order to prepare for the paper, you will have to submit a 2-3 pages research proposal by November 25. The proposal should state the research topic (formulated as a question rather than as just a theme) and a provisional bibliography. You will have the occasion to discuss the proposal during office hours. The research paper is due on Friday, December 12. Suggested Purchases ( NYU bookstore) : Robert Aldrich, Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion, MacMillan, Rogers Brubaker, Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany, Harvard University Press, Frederick Cooper and Ann Laura Stoler, eds., Tensions of Empire, Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World, Berkeley, University of California Press, Gérard Noiriel, The French Melting Pot. Immigration, Citizenship and National Identity, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, Charles-Rober Ageron, Modern Algeria. A History from 1830 to the Present, London, Hurst and Company, Introduction September 9

2 2-A French Model for the Nation? September 16 Excerpts from Rousseau, Social Contract (1762) Sieyes, What is the Third Estate? (1789) Jules Michelet, History of France (1833) Ernest Renan, What is a Nation? (1882) (Excerpts will be made available in the Salle de lecture) Pierre Nora "Nation" in François Furet and Mona Ozouf, eds., Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1989 [1988], pp Rogers Brubaker, Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany, Harvard University Press, 1992 (introduction and chapter 2, pp and 35-49) Gérard Noiriel, Population, Immigration et Identité Nationale en France, XIX-XX siècle. Hachette Supérieur, (Chapitre I: "'Peuple', 'Nation', histoire et enjeu des mots. " pp 5-41). David Bell, The Cult of the Nation in France, Inventing Nationalism, , Cambridge, Harvard University Press, Gérard Fritz, L'Idée de peuple en France du XVII au XIX siècle, Presses Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1988 Gérard Noiriel, Etat, Nation et immigration. Vers une histoire du pouvoir, Paris, Belin, Instituting the Nation September 23 Eugen Weber, Peasants into Frenchmen. The Modernization of Rural France, , Stanford, Stanford University Press, 1876 (Chapter 1 and 29, pp and ). Dominique Schnapper, Community of Citizens. On the Modern Idea of Nationality, New Brunswick, Transaction publishers, 1998 [1994] (Chapters 2 and 4, pp and ) Gérard Noiriel, "The Identification of the Citizen: the Birth of Republican Civil Status in France" in John Torpey and Jane Caplan (eds), Documenting Individual Identity. The Development of State Practices in the Modern World, Princeton, Princeton University Press, 2001, pp Peter Sahlins, "The Nation in the Village: State-Building and Communal Struggles in the Catalan Borderland during the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries", The Journal of Modern History, Volume 60, Issue 2 (June 1988) (pp ). Pierre Rosanvallon, L'Etat en France. De 1789 à nos jours. Paris, Le Seuil, 1990 (Partie II, chapitre 2: "Produire la Nation", pp ). Pierre Nora, Realms of Memory, 3 volumes, Columbia University Press, Jean-François Chanet, L'Ecole républicaine et les petites patries, Paris, Aubier, Anne-Marie Thiesse, La Création des identités nationales, Europe XVIII-XXème siècles, Paris, Seuil, 1999.

3 4-Colonization and National Identity September 30 Robert Aldrich, Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion, MacMillan, (Chapters 1, 2, 3, 5, 8) Martin Deming Lewis, " 'Assimilation' Theory in French Colonial Policy", Comparative Studies in Society and History, IV, January 1962, pp Herman Lebovics, True France: The Wars over Cultural Identities, , Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1992 (Chapter 3, pp ). AGERON, Charles-Robert, France coloniale ou Parti Colonial?, Paris, PUF, GIRARDET, Raoul, Le Nationalisme français, Anthologie, , Paris, Seuil, GIRARDET, Raoul, L'Idée coloniale en France de 1871 à 1962, Paris, La Table Ronde, Colonial Situations October 7 Robert Aldrich, Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion, MacMillan, 1996 (Chapter 4, 6 and 7). Frederick Cooper and Ann Laura Stoler, eds., Tensions of Empire: Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World, Berkeley, University of California Press, Read: Frederick Cooper and Ann Laura Stoler "Between Metropole and Colony" (pp. 1-56); Ann Stoler, "Sexual Affronts and Racial Frontiers : European Identities and the Cultural Politics of Exclusion in Colonial Southeast Asia" (pp ) and Gwendolyn Wright "Tradition in the Service of Modernity" (pp ). Alice Conklin, A Mission to Civilize. The Republican Idea of Empire and West Africa, , Stanford, Stanford University Press, BALANDIER, Georges, "La situation coloniale: approche théorique", Cahiers Internationaux de Sociologie, XI, 1951, pp Colonial Algeria October 14 Charles-Robert Ageron, Modern Algeria. A History from 1830 to the Present, London, Hurst and Company, 1991 (chapter 1-9, pp ). Fanny Colonna, "Educating Conformity in French Colonial Algeria" in Frederick Cooper and Ann Laura Stoler, eds., Tensions of Empire, Colonial Cultures in a Bourgeois World, Berkeley, University of California Press, 1997, pp Pierre Bourdieu, The Algerians, Boston, Beacon Press, 1962 [1958] (chapter 6: "Desintegration and Distress", pp ).

4 Albert Camus, Le premier Homme, Gallimard, 1994 David Prochaska, Making Algeria French, Colonialism in Bône, , Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Daniel Rivet, Le Maghreb à l'épreuve de la colonisation, Paris, Hachette Littératures, Immigration: history October 21 Gérard Noiriel, The French Melting Pot. Immigration, Citizenship and National Identity, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1996, Chapters 2-8 (pp ) Patrick Weil, La France et ses étrangers, L'aventure d'une politique de l'immigration, , Paris, Calmann-Lévy, Gérard Noiriel, "L'immigration en France, Notes sur un enjeu", Actes de la Recherche en Sciences Sociales, Septembre 1984, pp Ralph Schor, Histoire de l'immigration en France de la fin du dix-neuvième siècle à nos jours, Paris, Armand Colin, Immigration: sociology October 28 Roxane Silberman, "French Immigration Statistics" in Donald Horowitz and Gérard Noiriel, Immigrants in Two Democracies: French and American Experience, New York, New York University Press, 1992, pp Les Immigrés en France, Portrait social, Insee, 1997, Chapters 1 and 2 (pp 12-23; 26-39) Michelle Tribalat, Faire France, Une enquête sur les immigrés et leurs enfants, Paris, La Découverte, Introduction and Chapters 1-4 (pp ), chapter 8 and conclusion (pp ). Philippe Dewitte, ed., Immigration et intégration. L'état des savoirs, Paris, La Découverte, Algerian Immigration: an examplary immigration? November 4 Abdelmalek Sayad, "The Curse" and "Emancipation" in Pierre Bourdieu, The Weight of the World: Social Suffering in Contemporary Society, Stanford, Stanford University Press, pp Abdelmalek Sayad, "Les trois âges de l'immigration algérienne en France" in Actes de la recherche en Sciences Sociales, 15, juin 1977, pp Documentary Movie by Yamina Benguigui : "Mémoires d'immigrés" (1997). Abdelmalek Sayad, La Double Absence, Des Illusions de l'émigré aux souffrances de l'immigré, Paris, Seuil, Abdelmalek Sayad, L'Immigration ou les paradoxes de l'altérité, Bruxelles, De Boeck, 1991.

5 10- Nationality and Citizenship November 11 Rogers Brubaker, Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany, Harvard University Press, 1992 (chapters IV and V, pp and chapter VII, ). Patrick Weil, Qu'est-ce qu'un Français? Histoire de la nationalité française depuis la Révolution, Paris, Grasset, 2002 (chapters 4 and 8 pp and ) Yasemin Nuhoglu Soysal, "Toward a Postnational Model of Membership" in Gershon Shafir, ed., The Citizenship Debates, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1998, pp Dominique Colas, Claude Emeri, Jacques Zylberberg, eds., Citoyenneté et Nationalité. Perspectives en France et au Québec, Paris, PUF, Danièle Lochak, Etrangers: de quel droit?, Paris, Presses Universitaires de France, Abdelmalek Sayad, "La naturalisation" et "immigration et pensée d'etat" in La Double Absence, Des Illusions de l'émigré aux souffrances de l'immigré, Paris, Seuil, 1999 (chapitre 11 et 12, pp ) 11- Integration November 18 Haut Commissariat à l'intégration, L'Intégration à la Française, Paris, UGE, 1993 (Première Partie: "Pour un modèle français d'intégration", pp ) Miriam Feldblum, Reconstructing Citizenship: The Politics of Nationality Reform and Immigration in Contemporary France, Albany, SUNY Press, 1999 (Chapitre 7, pp ) Dominique Schnapper, La France de l'intégration, Paris, Gallimard, 1990 (chapitre 2, pp ) Gérard Noiriel, The French Melting Pot: Immigration, Citizenship and National Identity, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 1996 (conclusion, pp ) Gérard Noiriel et Stéphane Beaud, "Penser l''intégration' des Immigrés", in Hommes et migrations, 1133, juin 1990, pp Abdelmalek Sayad, "Qu'est-ce que l'intégration?" In Hommes et Migrations, 1182, décembre 1994, pp Adrian Favell, Philosophies of Integration: Immigration and the Idea of Citizenship in France and Britain, New York, Saint-Martin's Press, Michel Wievorka, ed, Une Société fragmentée, Le multiculturalisme en débat, La Découverte/ Poche, Essais Race and racism November 25

6 Colette Guillaumin "Race and discourse" in Maxim Silverman, Race, Discourse and Power in France, Adershot, Avebury, 1991, pp Pierre-André Taguieff, The Force of Prejudice: On Racism and its Doubles, Minneapolis, University of Minnessota Press, 2001 (introduction and chapters 1-3, pp ) Tyler Stovall, The Color Line behind the Lines: Racial Violence in France during the Great War, The American Historical Review, Vol. 103, No. 3. (June 1998), pp William H. Schneider, Quality and Quantity, The Quest for Biological Regeneration in Twentieth Century France, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1990 Mots, Les Langages du Politique, numéro spécial, "Sans distinction de Race", n 33, Décembre 1992 Pierre Guiral et Emile Témime, L'Idée de race dans la politique française contemporaine, Paris, Editions du CNRS, Race, policies and politics December 2 Danièle Lochak, "La race: une catégorie juridique?" in Mots, Les Langages du Politique, numéro spécial, "Sans distinction de Race", n 33, Décembre 1992, Peter Davies, The National Front in France: Ideology, Discourse and Power, London, Routledge, 1999 (Introduction and chapters 2 and 3, pp and pp ) Jacqueline Blondel and Bernard Lacroix, "Pourquoi votent-ils Front National?" in Nonna Mayer and Pascal Perrineau, Le Front National à découvert, Paris, FNSP, 1996 (pp ). Erik Bleich, "Antiracism without races: Politics and Policy in a "Color-Blind State", French Politics, Culture and Society, volume 18, n 3, Fall 2000, pp Skim the FN s program on line (it can be downloaded on Suggested Readings Pierre-André Taguieff, ed, Face au racisme, Tome II: analyse, hypothèses, perspectives, La Découverte, French Politics, Culture and Society, volume 18, n 3, Fall 2000, special issue on "Race in France". Maxim Silverman, Immigration, Racism and Citizenship in Modern France, London and New York, Routledge, 1992.