Emergency mapping with different platforms and sensors. Longterm experiences made in Switzerland

Transcription

1 armasuisse Emergency mapping with different platforms and sensors Longterm experiences made in Switzerland André Streilein

2 Contents Disaster risk management in Switzerland Products Platforms and sensors Advantages/Disadvantages Conclusion

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4 Natural Hazards Avalanches Storm Fire Flodding Landslides Earthquake

5 Disaster documentation (ACCURATE) Situation report (FAST)

6 Lage Lebensretten Lebesparen Dokumentation Erstattung Massnahmen Natural Hazards The worst natural disasters in Switzerland since 1356 and their consequences swisstopo swisstopo swisstopo swisstopo swisstopo *Umwelt Schweiz 2009 (BAFU)

7 Activation Process swisstopo UNITAR/UNOSAT United Nations Institute for Training and Research NEOC National Emergency Operations Centre FOEN Federal Office for the Environment cantons local authorities MeteoSwiss (Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology) SSE (Swiss Seismological Service) WSL (Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research)

8 Elektronik Situation Display (ESD)

9 Elektronik Situation Display (ESD)

10 Flodding 2005 Reussdelta Oey Engelberg Giswil Bern

11 Contents Disaster risk management in Switzerland Products Platforms and sensors Advantages/Disadvantages Conclusion

12 Disaster Mapping Products must be: fast available fast delivered less accurate (i.e. direct georeferencing, existing DTM) restrained on important informations self-explanatory (graphically) understandable previously familiar to decision makers

13 Disaster Mapping Products are: Non-georeferenced imagery Maps Orthophotos DTM Analysis or combinations of the above

14 Non-georeferenced imagery

15 Non-georeferenced imagery

16 Maps

17 Orthophotos direct georeferencing existing DTM no radiometric correction

18 Maps and orthophoto 18

19 DTM Hangmure Riedern, Diemtigtal

20 Analysis Brienz, Glyssibach, 2005

21 Brienz, Glyssibach, Bundesamt für 2005 Landestopografie swisstopo

22 Relevance of pre-disaster data of similar type ~ aerial imagery ~ satellite szenes ~ different maps

23 Wiler Loetschental (VS) Bildflug für Luftbilderstellung Post-disaster :

24 Pre-disaster : 2008 GSD 50 cm

25 Bildflug für Luftbilderstellung Post-disaster : GSD 50 cm

26 Blatten Loetschental (VS) Bildflug für Luftbilderstellung Disaster :

27 Pre-disaster : 2011 GSD 25 cm Bildflug für Luftbilderstellung

28 Bildflug für Luftbilderstellung Post-disaster : GSD 50 cm

29 Relevance of pre-disaster data of similar type Archived aerial data (pre disaster) New aerial data (post disaster) Change detection map d

30 Contents Disaster risk management in Switzerland Products Platforms and sensors Advantages/Disadvantages Conclusion

31 Platforms and Sensors as components of a sensor system Light source interpretation optics datatransfer platform sensor

32 Platforms Space based (200km km) Airbased (up to 20km) Groundbased (terrestrial)

33 Active and passive sensors

34 Dimensions of resolution Spatial Resolution smallest unit-area measured Radiometric Resolution smallest differences in energy that can be measured Spectral Resolution part of the EM spectrum measured Temporal Resolution pre- and post-disaster imagery

35 Major difference between platforms Covered surface (geometric) Resolution Economic (pioneering and operational costs)

36 Development of geometric resolution of VHR satellites 36

37 Examples of «ground» resolution Spot 2.5 m IKONOS 1m QuickBird 0.6 m RC m ADS m

38 CITIMAGE, ADS80, Bundesamt 10 cm, Thun für Landestopografie swisstopo

39 Perceptibility Relevant are: Geometric resolution of sensor Radiometric resolution of sensor Image contrast size, color and form of the objects and their surrounding Human color an object perception

40 Contents Disaster risk management in Switzerland Products Platforms and sensors Advantages/Disadvantages Conclusion

41 But which platform to use?

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44 What about UAV/RPAS?

45 What about UAV/RPAS?

46 What about UAV/RPAS?

47 Advantages / Disadvantages Large areas, of the shelf, robust Not flexible, time to generate imagery, interpretation of data, depending on wheather condition at time of orbit pass Fast and flexible, robust, large & small aeras, imaging under clouds Depeding on VFR flight conditions Fast an flexible, inexpensive commercial solutions Only small areas, depeding on VFR flight conditions, access to disaster area, not robust, productivity

48 Conclusions Image based information is essential for Situation report in response phase Disaster documentation in post-disaster phase Information in response phase be be fast and reliable (not necessarily high accuracy / resolution) Sensors must be able to deliver required information in short time Platform must be robust and operational to support sensor task Platforms are no dogma find the suitable and sustainable solution for your country