Mothers baby, fathers maybe: Occurrence and frequency of multiple paternities in the European wild boar
|
|
- Ronald Pitts
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Mothers baby, fathers maybe: Occurrence and frequency of multiple paternities in the European wild boar Christian Glensk 1 Björn Müller 1, Oliver Keuling 2, Jörg Brün 1 1 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Bonn 2 Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover
2 Problem description Increasing stock of wild boars Current knowledge about social behavior and biology are based on the much lower population densities in the second half of the last century Precise knowledge of mating behavior is difficult to obtain, because of complex and expensive long term observations Is there a changing in mating behavior? 2
3 State of knowledge until 2012 Delgado et al (2007): multiple paternities statistically not unlikely, but rare Poteaux et al (2009): first evidence in a european population in 2 of 21 litters 3
4 Objective of this study Is there an evidence of multiple paternities in a german population of wild boars or is it just a local phenomenon of other countries? If so, how often does this phenomenon occure? 4
5 Study area 5
6 mean number of fetuses Genetical analysis 8 microsatellites with a mean information content (PIC, Botstein et al. 1980) of uteri with a total of 213 fetuses (mean 6.1 per uterus) 10 8 n=12 n=16 n= < > 2 age of mother 6
7 Reconstruction of paternal genotypes Based on the data, paternal genotypes where reconstructed 1. MS 2. MS 3. MS 4. MS 5. MS 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele Mother Fetus Fetus Fetus Father
8 Reconstruction of paternal genotypes Based on the data, paternal genotypes where reconstructed 1. MS 2. MS 3. MS 4. MS 5. MS 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele Mother Fetus Fetus Fetus Father
9 Reconstruction of paternal genotypes Based on the data, paternal genotypes where reconstructed 1. MS 2. MS 3. MS 4. MS 5. MS 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele Mother Fetus Fetus Fetus Father
10 Reconstruction of paternal genotypes Based on the data, paternal genotypes where reconstructed 1. MS 2. MS 3. MS 4. MS 5. MS 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele Mother Fetus Fetus Fetus Father
11 Reconstruction of paternal genotypes Based on the data, paternal genotypes where reconstructed 1. MS 2. MS 3. MS 4. MS 5. MS 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele Mother Fetus Fetus Fetus Father
12 Reconstruction of paternal genotypes Based on the data, paternal genotypes where reconstructed 1. MS 2. MS 3. MS 4. MS 5. MS 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele Mother Fetus Fetus Fetus Father
13 Reconstruction of paternal genotypes Based on the data, paternal genotypes where reconstructed 1. MS 2. MS 3. MS 4. MS 5. MS 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele 1. allele 2. allele Mother Fetus Fetus Fetus Father
14 Reconstruction of paternal genotypes 45 putative fathers Only minimum number of neccessary genotypes Multiple paternities in 8 of 35 uteri 14
15 Used software Cervus Colony Pedigree pairwise maximum-likelihood overall maximumlikelihood Cluster of full-sibs/halfsibs two most likely fathers polygamous pairwise likelihood ratio given paternal genotypes unknown paternal genotypes 15
16 Results Cervus In 8 uteri multiple paternities Taking account of the allele frequency Cervus calculated, 14 uteri contain multiple paternities Cluster of half-sibs in this 8 uteri are identical with the observed ones 16
17 Results Colony Multiple paternities in the same 8 uteri 6 uteri with 2, and two uteri with 3 different fathers Cluster of half-sibs identical with previous analyses 17
18 Results Colony Calculation without paternal genotypes leads to an assumption of 39 fathers (reconstruction: 45) Multiple paternities in the same 8 uteri, but: In one case 3 instead of 2 different fathers In one case 4 instead of 3 fathers Additionally found multiple paternities in 3 more uteri 18
19 Results Pedigree 25 groups of full-sibs 10 groups of half-sibs Multiple paternities in 7 of 8 uteri calculated by Cervus & Colony but: One new multiple paternity with 3 different fathers In one case 4 instead of 3 fathers (like Colony) 19
20 Summary Physical evidence of multiple paternities in at least 8 uteri (about 23%) Taking account into different allele frequencies, a higher amount can not be excluded Cervus Colony Pedigree Putative fathers 45 45/39 45 Multiple fatherships /
21 Occurrence of multiple paternities => More fetuses in older (p 2 =0.01; p 2 =0.032) and heavier (p 2 =0,0004) females => No correlation between female s age and multiple paternities (p 2 =0.57) => Tendency, but no significant correlation between litter size and multiple paternities (p 2 =0.08) 21
22 Occurrence and frequency of multiple paternities in Europe Costa et al (2012): Evidence in 5 of 15 uteri (33%) Say et al (2012): Evidence in 50% of the samples Our data set: Evidence in at least 8 of 35 uteri (23%) 22
23 Occurrence and frequency of multiple paternities in Europe A current mating behavior? => multiple paternities in every fourth to second litter! No local phenomenon 23
24 Occurrence and frequency of multiple paternities in Europe 24
25 Benefits Increase of fitness? Two fathers in one litter would increase only the fitness of the second father -> no increase of mother s fitness Another, additional ovulation after the first copulation would increase number of siblings -> increase of mother s fitness 25
26 Other reasons Female protect themself against infertility of mating male Not able to assess fertility of male Cryptic female choice Sperm reservoir allows selection and release of competent spermatozoa 26
27 Other reasons sexual harassment A lack of old dominant males may lead to change in social structure Less dominant males could copulate because sounders are not dominated by a single male 27
28 Conclusion All over Europe Different results -> based on different hunting methods? Reasons for multiple paternities still not clear But seems to be a common behavior 28
29 Thank you for your attention! Irina Muschik
Simulation Model of Mating Behavior in Flies
Simulation Model of Mating Behavior in Flies MEHMET KAYIM & AYKUT Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics Lab. Department of Biology, Middle East Technical University International Workshop on Hybrid Systems
More informationCarol Ludowese, MS, CGC Certified Genetic Counselor HDSA Center of Excellence at Hennepin County Medical Center Minneapolis, Minnesota
Carol Ludowese, MS, CGC Certified Genetic Counselor HDSA Center of Excellence at Hennepin County Medical Center Minneapolis, Minnesota The information provided by speakers in workshops, forums, sharing/networking
More informationGenetics for the Novice
Genetics for the Novice by Carol Barbee Wait! Don't leave yet. I know that for many breeders any article with the word genetics in the title causes an immediate negative reaction. Either they quickly turn
More informationPRACTICE PROBLEMS - PEDIGREES AND PROBABILITIES
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - PEDIGREES AND PROBABILITIES 1. Margaret has just learned that she has adult polycystic kidney disease. Her mother also has the disease, as did her maternal grandfather and his younger
More informationAP: LAB 8: THE CHI-SQUARE TEST. Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics
Ms. Foglia Date AP: LAB 8: THE CHI-SQUARE TEST Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics Why do we study random chance and probability at the beginning of a unit on genetics? Genetics is the study of inheritance,
More informationGenetics 1. Defective enzyme that does not make melanin. Very pale skin and hair color (albino)
Genetics 1 We all know that children tend to resemble their parents. Parents and their children tend to have similar appearance because children inherit genes from their parents and these genes influence
More informationBasics of Marker Assisted Selection
asics of Marker ssisted Selection Chapter 15 asics of Marker ssisted Selection Julius van der Werf, Department of nimal Science rian Kinghorn, Twynam Chair of nimal reeding Technologies University of New
More informationFAMILY LIFE EDUCATION ACPS Fifth Grade
Table of Contents UNIT I FAMILY...2 Relatives and Family Friends...2 Similarities and Differences among Families...2 UNIT II PERSONAL AND SEXUAL SAFETY... 3 Sexual Safety Good and Bad Touching... 3 UNIT
More informationPopulation Genetics and Multifactorial Inheritance 2002
Population Genetics and Multifactorial Inheritance 2002 Consanguinity Genetic drift Founder effect Selection Mutation rate Polymorphism Balanced polymorphism Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
More informationAn Introduction to Artificial Insemination
A New Way to Your Dream Dog An Introduction to Artificial Insemination Contents of the brochure What does artificial insemination mean?... 4 Advantages of artificial insemination... 5 What does artificial
More informationFertility Facts and Figures 2008
Fertility Facts and Figures 2008 Contents About these statistics... 2 Accessing our data... 2 The scale of fertility problems... 3 Treatment abroad... 3 Contacts regarding this publication... 3 Latest
More informationArtificial insemination
Artificial insemination What is involved? Artificial insemination is an assisted reproduction technique that consists of inserting laboratory-treated spermatozoa into the woman s uterus or cervical canal.
More informationArtificial insemination with donor sperm
Artificial insemination with donor sperm Ref. 123 / 2009 Reproductive Medicine Unit Servicio de Medicina de la Reproducción Gran Vía Carlos III 71-75 08028 Barcelona Tel. (+34) 93 227 47 00 Fax. (+34)
More informationRATIOS, PROPORTIONS, PERCENTAGES, AND RATES
RATIOS, PROPORTIOS, PERCETAGES, AD RATES 1. Ratios: ratios are one number expressed in relation to another by dividing the one number by the other. For example, the sex ratio of Delaware in 1990 was: 343,200
More informationThe correct answer is c A. Answer a is incorrect. The white-eye gene must be recessive since heterozygous females have red eyes.
1. Why is the white-eye phenotype always observed in males carrying the white-eye allele? a. Because the trait is dominant b. Because the trait is recessive c. Because the allele is located on the X chromosome
More informationUnderstanding Fertility
Understanding Fertility 6 Introduction The word fertile means the ability to become pregnant or to cause pregnancy. Basic knowledge of both the male and female reproductive systems is important for understanding
More information4.2 Meiosis. Meiosis is a reduction division. Assessment statements. The process of meiosis
4.2 Meiosis Assessment statements State that meiosis is a reduction division of a diploid nucleus to form haploid nuclei. Define homologous chromosomes. Outline the process of meiosis, including pairing
More informationPaternity Testing. Chapter 23
Paternity Testing Chapter 23 Kinship and Paternity DNA analysis can also be used for: Kinship testing determining whether individuals are related Paternity testing determining the father of a child Missing
More informationBasic Principles of Forensic Molecular Biology and Genetics. Population Genetics
Basic Principles of Forensic Molecular Biology and Genetics Population Genetics Significance of a Match What is the significance of: a fiber match? a hair match? a glass match? a DNA match? Meaning of
More information7A The Origin of Modern Genetics
Life Science Chapter 7 Genetics of Organisms 7A The Origin of Modern Genetics Genetics the study of inheritance (the study of how traits are inherited through the interactions of alleles) Heredity: the
More informationCCR Biology - Chapter 7 Practice Test - Summer 2012
Name: Class: Date: CCR Biology - Chapter 7 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A person who has a disorder caused
More informationLAB : PAPER PET GENETICS. male (hat) female (hair bow) Skin color green or orange Eyes round or square Nose triangle or oval Teeth pointed or square
Period Date LAB : PAPER PET GENETICS 1. Given the list of characteristics below, you will create an imaginary pet and then breed it to review the concepts of genetics. Your pet will have the following
More informationLAB : THE CHI-SQUARE TEST. Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics
Period Date LAB : THE CHI-SQUARE TEST Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics Why do we study random chance and probability at the beginning of a unit on genetics? Genetics is the study of inheritance,
More informationY Chromosome Markers
Y Chromosome Markers Lineage Markers Autosomal chromosomes recombine with each meiosis Y and Mitochondrial DNA does not This means that the Y and mtdna remains constant from generation to generation Except
More informationMCB41: Second Midterm Spring 2009
MCB41: Second Midterm Spring 2009 Before you start, print your name and student identification number (S.I.D) at the top of each page. There are 7 pages including this page. You will have 50 minutes for
More informationGenetics and Pregnancy Loss
Genetics and Pregnancy Loss Dorothy Warburton Genetics and Development (in Pediatrics) Columbia University, New York Estimates of Pregnancy Loss from Conception 1000 fertilized eggs (27% are lost) 728
More informationFERTILITY AND AGE. Introduction. Fertility in the later 30's and 40's. Am I fertile?
FERTILITY AND AGE Introduction Delaying pregnancy is a common choice for women in today's society. The number of women in their late 30s and 40s attempting pregnancy and having babies has increased in
More informationBiology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9
Biology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9 Ch. 8 Cell Division Cells divide to produce new cells must pass genetic information to new cells - What process of DNA allows this? Two types
More informationInfluence of Sex on Genetics. Chapter Six
Influence of Sex on Genetics Chapter Six Humans 23 Autosomes Chromosomal abnormalities very severe Often fatal All have at least one X Deletion of X chromosome is fatal Males = heterogametic sex XY Females
More informationAssignment Discovery Online Curriculum
Assignment Discovery Online Curriculum Lesson title: In Vitro Fertilization Grade level: 9-12, with adaptation for younger students Subject area: Life Science Duration: Two class periods Objectives: Students
More informationThe Concept of Inclusive Fitness 1 Ethology and Behavioral Ecology Spring 2008
The Concept of Inclusive Fitness 1 Ethology and Behavioral Ecology Spring 2008 I. The components of Fitness A. Direct fitness W d, darwinian fitness, W gained by increasing ones own reproduction relative
More informationCHROMOSOMES AND INHERITANCE
SECTION 12-1 REVIEW CHROMOSOMES AND INHERITANCE VOCABULARY REVIEW Distinguish between the terms in each of the following pairs of terms. 1. sex chromosome, autosome 2. germ-cell mutation, somatic-cell
More informationName: 4. A typical phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross is a) 9:1 b) 3:4 c) 9:3:3:1 d) 1:2:1:2:1 e) 6:3:3:6
Name: Multiple-choice section Choose the answer which best completes each of the following statements or answers the following questions and so make your tutor happy! 1. Which of the following conclusions
More informationHIV& AIDS BASIC FACTS. HIV & Drug Use. You are better off knowing if you have HIV. HIV & Sex. What are HIV & AIDS? HIV & Blood Products
What are HIV &? serious stage of HIV infection, called. stands for Acquired getting and can stay healthy for a long time. your age your sex your race or ethnic origin who you have sex with to a fetus or
More informationThe Developing Person Through the Life Span 8e by Kathleen Stassen Berger
The Developing Person Through the Life Span 8e by Kathleen Stassen Berger Chapter 3 Heredity and Environment PowerPoint Slides developed by Martin Wolfger and Michael James Ivy Tech Community College-Bloomington
More informationReproductive System & Development: Practice Questions #1
Reproductive System & Development: Practice Questions #1 1. Which two glands in the diagram produce gametes? A. glands A and B B. glands B and E C. glands C and F D. glands E and F 2. Base your answer
More informationThe comparison of the software program Bonaparte with the Missing Persons/DVImodule. Dr.Ir. C.P. (Kees) van der Beek MBA Custodian Dutch DNA-database
The comparison of the software program Bonaparte with the Missing Persons/DVImodule of CODIS 7 Dr.Ir. C.P. (Kees) van der Beek MBA Custodian Dutch DNA-database Linköping 24 april 2012 Content of the presentation
More informationTitle: Genetics and Hearing Loss: Clinical and Molecular Characteristics
Session # : 46 Day/Time: Friday, May 1, 2015, 1:00 4:00 pm Title: Genetics and Hearing Loss: Clinical and Molecular Characteristics Presenter: Kathleen S. Arnos, PhD, Gallaudet University This presentation
More informationChapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance
Bio 100 Patterns of Inheritance 1 Chapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance Modern genetics began with Gregor Mendel s quantitative experiments with pea plants History of Heredity Blending theory of heredity -
More informationTitle. Euphausia superba. Author. Sophia Erb
Title Using geometric probability to compare the random and actual mating success of Atlantic Krill, Euphausia superba Author Sophia Erb Abstract Currently the most abundant species on Earth, Atlantic
More informationTerms: The following terms are presented in this lesson (shown in bold italics and on PowerPoint Slides 2 and 3):
Unit B: Understanding Animal Reproduction Lesson 4: Understanding Genetics Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives: 1. Explain
More informationChapter 4 Pedigree Analysis in Human Genetics. Chapter 4 Human Heredity by Michael Cummings 2006 Brooks/Cole-Thomson Learning
Chapter 4 Pedigree Analysis in Human Genetics Mendelian Inheritance in Humans Pigmentation Gene and Albinism Fig. 3.14 Two Genes Fig. 3.15 The Inheritance of Human Traits Difficulties Long generation time
More informationHeredity - Patterns of Inheritance
Heredity - Patterns of Inheritance Genes and Alleles A. Genes 1. A sequence of nucleotides that codes for a special functional product a. Transfer RNA b. Enzyme c. Structural protein d. Pigments 2. Genes
More informationSTUDENT S WORKSHEETS. Eva M. Zamudio Zamudio
STUDENT S WORKSHEETS January April 2009 HUMAN LIFE CYCLE HANDOUT 1 1. Write the name of each stage in the right order: retirement adolescence babyhood adulthood - childhood 2. What stage does it belong
More informationFemale Reproductive System. Unit 8 Lesson 2 Continued
Female Reproductive System Unit 8 Lesson 2 Continued Female Reproductive System Female Reproductive System Female produce ovum or egg cells. The egg (ovum) cell is the female sex cell. Female Reproductive
More informationPureTek Genetics Technical Report February 28, 2016
Utilization of commercial female data in maternal genetic improvement programs D. W. Newcom, 1 BS, MS, PhD; V. Duttlinger, 2 AS; C. Witte, 2 BS; M. Brubaker, 2 BS, MS; S. E. Lawrence, 2 BS, MS; C. Dematawewa,
More informationHLA data analysis in anthropology: basic theory and practice
HLA data analysis in anthropology: basic theory and practice Alicia Sanchez-Mazas and José Manuel Nunes Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling history (AGP), Department of Anthropology and Ecology,
More informationTrasposable elements: P elements
Trasposable elements: P elements In 1938 Marcus Rhodes provided the first genetic description of an unstable mutation, an allele of a gene required for the production of pigment in maize. This instability
More informationModule 4: Formulating M&E Questions and Indicators
Module 4: Formulating M&E Questions and Indicators Four Steps to Developing an Establish the M&E planning team and: M&E Plan 1. Align projects and activities with program goals. 2. Identify information
More informationGENETIC CROSSES. Monohybrid Crosses
GENETIC CROSSES Monohybrid Crosses Objectives Explain the difference between genotype and phenotype Explain the difference between homozygous and heterozygous Explain how probability is used to predict
More informationBio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Bio EOC Questions for Cell Reproduction:
Bio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Asexual vs. sexual reproduction Mitosis steps, diagrams, purpose o Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis Meiosis steps, diagrams, purpose
More informationGetting Pregnant: The Natural Approach Revealing the Secrets to Increase Your Fertility
Getting Pregnant: The Natural Approach Revealing the Secrets to Increase Your Fertility Page 1 Contents Introduction 3 Part I Understanding Fertility and Infertility Chapter 1: What is Fertility? 4 - Signs
More informationEVERY LIVING THING has a number of
Anatomy and Physiology of Animal Reproductive Systems EVERY LIVING THING has a number of organ systems operating to perform specific functions. If you were to examine one of these systems, you would observe
More informationX Linked Inheritance
X Linked Inheritance Information for Patients and Families 2 X linked Inheritance The following will give you information about what X linked inheritance means and how X linked conditions are inherited.
More informationRecovering the Romanovs
Recovering the Romanovs ACTIVITY 1 The Romanov Family: Screen #4 Inheritance of a Sex-linked Trait Key: H=normal allele; h=hemophilia allele; X=X chromosome; Y=Y chromosome 1. Use a Punnett square to show
More informationEcology - scientific study of how individuals interact with their environment 34.1
Biology 1407 Exam 4 Notes - Ecology Ch.35-36 Ecology - scientific study of how individuals interact with their environment 34.1 - organisms have adapted to - evolved in - a particular set of conditions;
More informationUterine fibroids (Leiomyoma)
Uterine fibroids (Leiomyoma) What are uterine fibroids? Uterine fibroids are fairly common benign (not cancer) growths in the uterus. They occur in about 25 50% of all women. Many women who have fibroids
More informationBiology 1406 - Notes for exam 5 - Population genetics Ch 13, 14, 15
Biology 1406 - Notes for exam 5 - Population genetics Ch 13, 14, 15 Species - group of individuals that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; genetically similar 13.7, 14.2 Population
More informationDissect a Flower. Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens
Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens Dissect a Flower Overview Students dissect an Alstroemeria or similar flower to familiarize themselves with the basic parts of a flower. They
More informationTuesday 14 May 2013 Morning
THIS IS A NEW SPECIFICATION H Tuesday 14 May 2013 Morning GCSE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY SCIENCE BIOLOGY A A161/02 Modules B1 B2 B3 (Higher Tier) *A137150613* Candidates answer on the Question Paper. A calculator
More informationFact Sheet 14 EPIGENETICS
This fact sheet describes epigenetics which refers to factors that can influence the way our genes are expressed in the cells of our body. In summary Epigenetics is a phenomenon that affects the way cells
More informationHeritability: Twin Studies. Twin studies are often used to assess genetic effects on variation in a trait
TWINS AND GENETICS TWINS Heritability: Twin Studies Twin studies are often used to assess genetic effects on variation in a trait Comparing MZ/DZ twins can give evidence for genetic and/or environmental
More informationWolf? Wolf? A L A. Whatever Happened. Term. The word alpha applied to wolves. to the
Whatever Happened to the Term A L A P H Wolf? The word alpha applied to wolves has had a long history. For many years books and articles about wolves have mentioned the alpha male and alpha female or the
More informationSwine EPD Terminology
Swine EPD Terminology EPD- Expected Progeny Difference is the best estimate or indicator of a sire or dam s genetic potential. It is the actual differences in production a pork producer could expect from
More informationBest Practices for Efficient Mouse Colony Management
Best Practices for Efficient Mouse Colony Management Dominique Kagele, Ph.D. Technical Information Services Overview of Today s Presentation Mouse reproduction Factors affecting breeding performance Data
More informationStandardising Access Criteria to NHS Fertility Treatment FOR COMMISSIONERS OF FERTILITY SERVICES
Standardising Access Criteria to NHS Fertility Treatment FOR COMMISSIONERS OF FERTILITY SERVICES Status of the document This document offers guidance to help PCTs move towards more equitable provision
More informationA trait is a variation of a particular character (e.g. color, height). Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes.
1 Biology Chapter 10 Study Guide Trait A trait is a variation of a particular character (e.g. color, height). Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes. Genes Genes are located on chromosomes
More informationUnique reproductive strategies have developed to ensure maximum reproductive success.
Animal Reproductive Strategies The ultimate goal of each species is to produce the maximum number of surviving offspring using the least amount of energy. This is called the reproductive effort. Asexual
More informationReproductive Technology. Chapter 21
Reproductive Technology Chapter 21 Assisted Reproduction When a couple is sub-fertile or infertile they may need Assisted Reproduction to become pregnant: Replace source of gametes Sperm, oocyte or zygote
More informationHeredity. Sarah crosses a homozygous white flower and a homozygous purple flower. The cross results in all purple flowers.
Heredity 1. Sarah is doing an experiment on pea plants. She is studying the color of the pea plants. Sarah has noticed that many pea plants have purple flowers and many have white flowers. Sarah crosses
More informationEvolution by Natural Selection 1
Evolution by Natural Selection 1 I. Mice Living in a Desert These drawings show how a population of mice on a beach changed over time. 1. Describe how the population of mice is different in figure 3 compared
More informationGAW 15 Problem 3: Simulated Rheumatoid Arthritis Data Full Model and Simulation Parameters
GAW 15 Problem 3: Simulated Rheumatoid Arthritis Data Full Model and Simulation Parameters Michael B Miller , Michael Li , Gregg Lind , Soon-Young
More informationReebops. A model organism for teaching genetic concepts
A model organism for teaching genetic concepts The activity helps to demonstrate how genetics is responsible both for similarities and variation among members of the same species. are imaginary organisms
More informationClinical Policy Committee
Northern, Eastern and Western Devon Clinical Commissioning Group South Devon and Torbay Clinical Commissioning Group Clinical Policy Committee Commissioning policy: Assisted Conception Fertility assessment
More informationConsent to Perform Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS) using. Comparative Genomic Hybridization (acgh) or Next Generation Sequencing (NGS)
Consent to Perform Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS) using Array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (acgh ) or Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Purpose The purpose of Preimplantation Genetic Screening
More informationThe relevant NICE Clinical Guidance 156, Fertility can be accessed here: http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg156
City and Hackney CCG Fertility policy Approved January 2015 Introduction City and Hackney CCG is responsible for commissioning a range of health services including hospital, mental health and community
More informationWOMENCARE A Healthy Woman is a Powerful Woman (407) 898-1500. Menstruation
Menstruation WOMENCARE A Healthy Woman is a Powerful Woman (407) 898-1500 Menstruation is a normal and healthy part of growing up. The discharge of blood and tissue from the lining of your uterus each
More informationCHROMOSOMES Dr. Fern Tsien, Dept. of Genetics, LSUHSC, NO, LA
CHROMOSOMES Dr. Fern Tsien, Dept. of Genetics, LSUHSC, NO, LA Cytogenetics is the study of chromosomes and their structure, inheritance, and abnormalities. Chromosome abnormalities occur in approximately:
More informationDRAGON GENETICS LAB -- Principles of Mendelian Genetics
DragonGeneticsProtocol Mendelian Genetics lab Student.doc DRAGON GENETICS LAB -- Principles of Mendelian Genetics Dr. Pamela Esprivalo Harrell, University of North Texas, developed an earlier version of
More informationLecture 2: Mitosis and meiosis
Lecture 2: Mitosis and meiosis 1. Chromosomes 2. Diploid life cycle 3. Cell cycle 4. Mitosis 5. Meiosis 6. Parallel behavior of genes and chromosomes Basic morphology of chromosomes telomere short arm
More informationWhat constitutes a family? A multi-cultural perspective
What constitutes a family? A multi-cultural perspective Speakers: Maria Cancian Dr. Thomas Meysen Tish Keahna Moderator: Scott cade Changing Families and Changing Policy Maria Cancian NCSEA Policy Forum
More informationProblems 1-6: In tomato fruit, red flesh color is dominant over yellow flesh color, Use R for the Red allele and r for the yellow allele.
Genetics Problems Name ANSWER KEY Problems 1-6: In tomato fruit, red flesh color is dominant over yellow flesh color, Use R for the Red allele and r for the yellow allele. 1. What would be the genotype
More informationBiology Final Exam Study Guide: Semester 2
Biology Final Exam Study Guide: Semester 2 Questions 1. Scientific method: What does each of these entail? Investigation and Experimentation Problem Hypothesis Methods Results/Data Discussion/Conclusion
More informationGenetics Review for USMLE (Part 2)
Single Gene Disorders Genetics Review for USMLE (Part 2) Some Definitions Alleles variants of a given DNA sequence at a particular location (locus) in the genome. Often used more narrowly to describe alternative
More informationit right? activity (page 4) to highlight ethical issues associated with IVF
IN VITRO FERTILIZATION I V F In some cases, a sperm is directly injected into an egg IVF: THE MEETING OF SPERM AND EGG IN GLASS Louise Brown, the first test tube baby was born in 1978. Since then, there
More informationEgg and sperm donation in the UK: 2012 2013
Egg and sperm donation in the UK: 2012 2013 Contents Introduction 2 Background to this report 2 Terms and acronyms used in this report 4 Methodology 5 How we gathered the data 5 Understanding the data
More informationGene Mapping Techniques
Gene Mapping Techniques OBJECTIVES By the end of this session the student should be able to: Define genetic linkage and recombinant frequency State how genetic distance may be estimated State how restriction
More informationDeterministic computer simulations were performed to evaluate the effect of maternallytransmitted
Supporting Information 3. Host-parasite simulations Deterministic computer simulations were performed to evaluate the effect of maternallytransmitted parasites on the evolution of sex. Briefly, the simulations
More informationSriplung H. Projection of Cancer Problems. Chapter IV CANCER PROBLEMS PROJECTION OF. CANCER IN THAILAND : Vol. IV. p. 79-Blue
Projection of Cancer Problems Sriplung H Chapter IV PROJECTION OF CANCER PROBLEMS 79 p. 79-Blue «à ß Projection of Cancer Problems Sriplung H CHAPTER IV PROJECTION OF CANCER PROBLEMS Hutcha Sriplung, M.D.
More informationTower Hamlets CCG Fertility policy
Tower Hamlets CCG Fertility policy Approved December 2014 Introduction Tower Hamlets CCG is responsible for commissioning a range of health services including hospital, mental health and community services
More informationThe Jackson Laboratory. Mouse Colony Management and Breeding Strategies
The Jackson Laboratory Mouse Colony Management and Breeding Strategies Overview Mouse reproduction Factors affecting breeding performance Data collection and good colony management Breeding schemes Mouse
More informationSeattleSNPs Interactive Tutorial: Web Tools for Site Selection, Linkage Disequilibrium and Haplotype Analysis
SeattleSNPs Interactive Tutorial: Web Tools for Site Selection, Linkage Disequilibrium and Haplotype Analysis Goal: This tutorial introduces several websites and tools useful for determining linkage disequilibrium
More informationB2 5 Inheritrance Genetic Crosses
B2 5 Inheritrance Genetic Crosses 65 minutes 65 marks Page of 55 Q. A woman gives birth to triplets. Two of the triplets are boys and the third is a girl. The triplets developed from two egg cells released
More informationLesson Plan: GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE
Lesson Plan: GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE Pacing Two 45- minute class periods RATIONALE: According to the National Science Education Standards, (NSES, pg. 155-156), In the middle-school years, students should
More informationActivity 12 Zoos: Past and Present
Activity 12 Zoos: Past and Present Objective & Overview: Through surveys and research, students will learn about the evolution of zoos, from menageries to educational and conservation institutions. Teacher
More informationby Paul Welsh Singapore American School
by Part I When a couple who had tried unsuccessfully for six years to have a baby naturally turned to one of the best known fertility clinics in the United States, they never imagined what would develop
More informationSpecies-of-the-Week. Blanding s Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) Species of Special Concern in Michigan
Species-of-the-Week Blanding s Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) Habitat Productive & clean shallow water (soft substrates) = ponds, marshes, swamps, bogs, wet prairies, slow rivers Spring & summer = terrestrial
More informationThe Genetics of Early- Onset Breast Cancer. Cecelia Bellcross, Ph.D., M.S.,C.G.C. Department of Human Genetics Emory University School of Medicine
The Genetics of Early- Onset Breast Cancer Cecelia Bellcross, Ph.D., M.S.,C.G.C. Department of Human Genetics Emory University School of Medicine All cancers are genetic BUT Not all cancers are hereditary
More informationGenetic Mutations. Indicator 4.8: Compare the consequences of mutations in body cells with those in gametes.
Genetic Mutations Indicator 4.8: Compare the consequences of mutations in body cells with those in gametes. Agenda Warm UP: What is a mutation? Body cell? Gamete? Notes on Mutations Karyotype Web Activity
More information