Human Rights Film Festivals

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2 Human Rights Film Festivals

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4 Human Rights Film Festivals Activism in Context Sonia M. Tascón University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia

5 Sonia M. Tascón 2015 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number , of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave and Macmillan are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries ISBN: This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Tascón, Sonia M. Human rights film festivals : activism in context / Sonia M. Tascón, University of the Sunshine Coast, Australia. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. Includes filmography. ISBN Human rights in motion pictures. 2. Film festivals History. 3. Film festivals Argentina History. 4. Film festivals New York (State) New York History. I. Title. PN H83T ʹ6581 dc A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.

6 Dedicated to the loves of my life: Jim Ife, my partner, Trent and Isabel, my wonderful children Tomás and Eugenia, my strong parents And the extended Tascón tribe This is yours

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8 Contents List of Figures Acknowledgments xi xii Part I Framings 1 Introduction 3 Theoretical Frames 4 Programming 10 Book Structure 14 1 Human Rights: From Universalism to Internationalism 15 A Brief Archaeology of Human Rights 17 Revolutions, Universalism, and Internationalism 17 Activism and Human Rights 27 2 Film Festivals: Activism and the Gaze 31 The Humanitarian Gaze 34 Activist Film Festivals: Specta(c)tors 42 Closing Thoughts 47 Part II Festival Internacional de Cine Derechos Humanos, Buenos Aires 49 Introduction 51 3 Context : History and Politics 58 Bringing Human Rights into the Public Domain: Dictatorship and Postdictatorship 58 Argentine Political Cinema and the Dictatorship 63 Neoliberalism and Postneoliberalism 68 4 The Festival 1997 to 2003: From the Desaparecidos to Neoliberalism 73 A Broad Survey of Films: Closing Thoughts 83

9 viii Contents 5 Context : Postdictatorship, Postneoliberalism, and New Argentine Cinema 85 The Festival and the Nation 85 New Argentine Cinema and the Political 88 Neoliberalism, Indigenous Peoples, and Migration 95 Closing Thoughts The Festival : The Other and Cosmopolitan Visions 102 Broad Survey of Films Toward a Cosmopolitan Vision: Environment and Identity 108 Conclusion: Part II 117 Part III Human Rights Watch International Film Festival, New York 123 Introduction Context: From the Cold War to The Yes Men 132 Helsinki Watch to Human Rights Watch (and) the International Film Festival: The Yes Men 138 Films, Truth, and Human Rights Ethics 140 HRWIFF and Independent Political Cinemas of the United States The Festival: Presences: Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and the United States 148 Eastern Europe 148 The Middle East 150 The United States Context: From Latin America to Political Documentary in the United States 164 Human Rights in the Time of Dictators 164 The Question of Audiences and the Humanitarian Gaze 170 The Place of Documentary in the Current American Political Climate The Festival: Absence: Latin America 177 The Films from/about Latin America: ; Environmental Films from/about Latin America 183 Costa-Gavras and Pamela Yates at the HRWIFF: Representing Human Rights 186 Granito: Gazing Out or In? 189

10 Contents ix Conclusion: Part III 195 Conclusions 203 Films and Human Rights 203 Film Festivals, Audiences, and Human Rights 208 Universalism and Film Festivals 214 Notes 217 Bibliography 221 Film Index (by Film Title) 239 Index 243

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