INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1: UNIT 4: PHYSICS

Transcription

1 INTEGRATED SCIENCE 1: UNIT 4: PHYSICS Sub Unit 1: Waves TEST 2: Electromagnetic Waves Form A MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1)Electromagnetic waves consist of a. compressions and rarefactions. b. vibrating electric and magnetic fields. c. particles of light energy. d. high-frequency gravitational waves. 2) Electromagnetic waves a. always travel at the same speed. b. need a medium to travel through. c. can travel through a vacuum. Page 1

2 d. cannot travel through the vacuum of outer space. 3) The main difference(s) between a radio wave and a light wave is(are) its a. speed. b. wavelength. c. frequency. d. both a and b e. both b and c 4) Which of these electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength? a. radio waves b. infrared waves c. X rays d. ultraviolet waves e. light waves 5) Compared to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is a. shorter. b. longer. c. faster. d. slower. e. the same Page 2

3 6) Compared to radio waves, the velocity of visible light waves in a vacuum is a. less. b. more. c. the same. 7) All of the waves listed below are a part of the electromagnetic spectrum except a. sound waves. b. X rays. c. gamma rays. d. light waves. e. radio waves. 8) Materials generally become warmer when light is a. absorbed by them. b. reflected by them. c. transmitted by them. d. all of these. e. none of these. 9) If a light signal and a radio signal were transmitted simultaneously from a nearby star, the first signal to reach the Earth would be a. the radio signal. b. the light signal. c. neither: they would both reach the earth at the same time. 10) Light waves traveling through the vacuum of space have a speed that's equal to a. 3.0 X 10 to power of (3) m/s. b. 5 X 10 to power of (6) m/s. c. 3.0 X 10 to power of (8) m/s. d. 9.0 X 10 to power of (9) m/s. e. a number that's too high to measure. Page 3

4 11) Color depends on what characteristic of light? a. its frequency b. its wavelength c. both of these d. neither of these 12) The color of an object is the same as the light that is a. transmitted. b. absorbed. c. reflected. d. all of these. e. none of these. 13)Sunsets are red because the lower frequencies of light a. are scattered by larger particles in the atmosphere. b. are refracted by larger particles in the atmosphere. c. are reflected by clouds and relatively large particles in the atmosphere. Page 4

5 d. survive being scattered in the atmosphere. 14) The fact that you can get sunburned while submerged in water is evidence that water a. absorbs infrared light. b. transmits infrared light. c. absorbs ultraviolet light. d. transmits ultraviolet light. 15) The worst thing you can do for the health of a green-leafed plant is to illuminate it with only a. red light. b. green light. c. blue light. d. all are equally naughty. e. none of these. 16) The effect in which white light separates into different colors is called a. magnification. b. refraction. c. reflection. d. dispersion. 17) Diffraction is more pronounced through relatively a. small openings. b. large openings. c. same for each. 18) Waves diffract the most when their wavelength is a. short. b. long. c. both diffract the same. 19) Diffraction is a result of Page 5

6 a. refraction. b. reflection. c. interference. d. polarization. e. dispersion. 20) Interference is a property of a. light waves. b. sound waves. c. water waves. d. all of these. e. none of these. Use the diagram below, answer question 21. Page 6

7 21) Polarization is a property of a. transverse waves. b. longitudinal waves. c. both. d. neither. 22) Light will not pass through a pair of polarizing lenses when their axes are a. parallel. Page 7

8 b. perpendicular. c. 45 degrees to each other. d. two of these. e. all of these. 23) The incident light ray, the reflected light ray, and the normal line between them a. form two angles, with the incident angle greater than the angle of reflection. b. form two angles, with the incident angle less than the angle of reflection. c. form two angles, with the incident angle equal to the angle of reflection. 24) When light reflects from a surface, there is a change in its a. frequency. b. wavelength. c. speed. d. all of these. e. none of these. Using the figure below, answer the next question: Page 8

9 25) When light passes through air into glass, its angle of refraction is a. less than its angle of incidence. b. the same as its angle of incidence. c. more than its angle of incidence. d. can be more or less than its angle of incidence. 26) Light travels fastest in a. warm air. b. cool air. c. a vacuum. 27) Refraction results from differences in light's a. frequency. b. amplitude. c. speed. d. all of these. e. none of these. 28) Light refracts when traveling from air into glass because light a. travels at the same speed in air and in glass. b. frequency is greater in air than in glass. c. frequency is greater in glass than in air. d. travels slower in glass than in air. Use the figure below to answer question 29. Page 9

10 29) A beam of light emerges from water into air at an angle. The beam is bent a. towards the normal b. away from the normal. c. 48 degrees upward. d. 96 degrees upward. e. not at all. ESSAYS: Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper. 30) Describe three different forms of electromagnetic radiation and explain their use in modern, everyday life. 31) Pretend you walk only at a certain pace, no faster or slower, across a room of known length. Your walking speed is the room length divided by the time to cross the room. Now suppose you repeat your walk but briefly stop along the way to interact with people sitting along your path. What effect does this have on your speed across the room? How is this similar to light passing through glass? In what way is it not similar? 32) Five transparent plastic containers below were filled with different water colors of paint. The volume each is 50 ml. The temperature of the water is Page 10

11 20 C. They are all then placed in the sunlight for 15 minutes. The temperature is then retaken for each container. Clear White Black Red Yellow Answer the following question based on the experiment above. (a) In the space below, arrange the containers in order from the warmest to the coolest based on your understanding of the interaction of sunlight and the containers. Write the name of the color in the blanks. (warmest),,,, (coolest) (b) Using the terms, reflect, absorb, and transmit explain why you arranged the containers in the way you did. Page 11

12 Answer Key Physics Unit Test: Electromagnetic Waves California State Standards 4e,f Form A Integrated Science One Answer Level Cal Standard ABACUS 1. b knowledge P.4.e c comprehension P.4.e e comprehension P.4.e c knowledge P.4.e b knowledge P.4.e c comprehension P.4.e a comprehension P.4.e a application P.4.f c application P.4.e c comprehension P.4.e c knowledge P.4.e c comprehension P.4.e d application P.4.f d analysis P.4.e b comprehension P.4.e d knowledge P.4.f a knowledge P.4.f b knowledge P.4.e c comprehension P.4.f d knowledge P.4.f a knowledge P.4.f b application P.4.f c knowledge P.4.f e comprehension P.4.f a comprehension P.4.f c knowledge P.4.e c knowledge P.4.f d comprehension P.4.f b comprehension P.4.f Page 12

13 30. Answer: synthesis P.4.e Answers will vary. X-rays, with high energy and short wavelength, are used to produce images of the body s interior; infrared, with wavelengths longer than red light, can be used to keep food warm; microwaves, with still longer wavelengths, can used for cooking and for communication; radio waves, with the longest wavelengths, can be used in communication and radar. 31. Answer synthesis P.4.f When you walk across the room and pause to greet people along the way, you are like light passing through glass, pausing along the way to interact with atoms. Your average speed across the room is lower when interactions occur, much like the speed of light is less in glass than in a vacuum. How this is different is that in the case of walking across the room, you begin the walk and you end it. There is only one you. But in the case of light through glass, the photon that first interacts with the glass is not the photon that emerges through the glass. There is a chain of different but identical photons cascading through the glass. 32. Answer synthesis P.4.f (a) (Warmest) Black, Red, Yellow, Clear, White (Coolest) (b) Black container absorbed all colors of the visible spectrum ROYGBIV. No colors were reflected or transmitted from it. The light caused the atoms to move more rapidly, thus increasing the average kinetic energy of the particles. The Red container was the second warmest because it reflected only one wavelength of light(red) and absorbed the six other colors (OYGBIV). With 14% fewer waves of light to interact with the water molecules, its temperature did not rise as much as the black container. The Yellow container was third because it reflects red and green wavelengths and absorbs only 4 colors (OBIV). It has 28% fewer waves of light interacting with the water molecules, its temperature did not rise as much as the red container. The Clear container allowed the light to pass through or be transmitted. No wavelengths were reflected or absorbed, but the light did interact with the water as it passed through causing the temperature to rise slightly. The White container reflected all of the wavelengths of Page 13

14 light and allowed none to be transmitted or absorbed. It was the coolest or had the lowest temperature of all the containers. Page 14