Benefit Advice Guide. Children & Young People with Disabilities
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1 Benefit Advice Guide Children & Young People with Disabilities NOVEMBER 2010
2 CONTENTS If you are a parent/carer of a disabled child, you may be missing out on benefits and other help. This is a brief guide to what you can claim. DISABILITY LIVING ALLOWANCE 3 Care component 3 Claiming for babies 3 Mobility component 4 CARER S ALLOWANCE 5 Carer premium 5 INCOME SUPPORT 6 CHILD TAX CREDIT 6 Extra amounts 6 WHEN YOUR CHILD TURNS 16 7 Changes in how benefit is paid 8 Employment & Support Allowance 8 Work and Benefits 9 OTHER HELP 9 Family Fund 9 Community Care Grants 9 ON THE ROAD 10 AT HOME 10 GET A BENEFIT CHECK 11 2
3 DISABILITY LIVING ALLOWANCE Disability Living Allowance (DLA) is a weekly cash benefit from the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP). It is not taxable and it does not matter how much income or savings you have. It can help meet the extra costs of bringing up a disabled child. If your child gets DLA it can mean an increase in other benefits so it can make a big difference to a family's overall income. It doesn't matter if you don't consider your child to be 'disabled' or whether their condition has been diagnosed or not. To get DLA what counts is how their condition affects their daily activities. DLA has two components - care and mobility. You can get either or both together. Care component If your child needs a lot of extra looking after or help with personal care because of their physical or mental condition, you should claim the care component. This is paid at three rates, worth up to a week, depending on how much extra care your child needs. It can be paid once a child is three months or from birth if your child s condition is classed as terminal. You must also show that they need a lot more supervision or looking after than a healthy child of the same age. Zara is eight and has a rare skin condition. Three times a day she needs to be bathed very carefully and lotions applied to her skin. During the day more lotions need to be applied. Zara s dad knows his eldest daughter was able to bath herself by the age of six. Zara gets the care component of DLA. Claiming for babies All very young children need a lot of care and attention, so the younger your child, the harder it can be to show they need more help than healthy babies of the same age. But you can still get DLA if you show that your baby needs a different type of care from other 3
4 babies or if that care has to be provided more frequently or over a longer period. For example, all babies need help feeding but if your baby takes longer to feed, has feeding problems, or needs feeding by a tube or drip then they are likely to get the care component. Because of the difficulties getting DLA for babies, get specialist help to fill in the form. Karen has a baby daughter Vicky. The hospital doctors have told Karen that Vicky is not reaching and grasping the way babies of her age do, and she does not respond to noises, or turn to look at bright objects. Karen has been given a list of exercises and things to do every day to stimulate Vicky and to help her develop. Karen gets the middle rate care component for Vicky. Mobility component The mobility component of DLA is paid if your child has difficulty walking. This can include physical problems, behavioural problems or needing supervision whilst walking. This is paid at one of two rates, or a week, depending on the nature of the mobility problem. The higher rate can be paid when a child is three years old and is for children who have severe difficulties walking or who are unable to walk. You can also get higher rate mobility if your child: gets the highest care component and is severely mentally impaired with severe behavioural problems or is both deaf and blind or (from April 2011) has a severe visual impairment. The lower rate is for children who can walk, but need someone to supervise or guide them. It can only be paid from the age of five. The guidance or supervision must be a lot more than a child of the same age normally needs. Ring the Benefit Enquiry Line on for a claim pack. How you fill in the form is important - get advice. 4
5 Ben is seven and has autism. When he goes outdoors his mum cannot rely on him to do what she says. She has to be ready to step in if Ben walks off in the wrong direction or suddenly dashes across the road. Other children of the same age normally respond to instructions about road safety and are beginning to develop their own sense of safety. Ben gets the lower rate mobility component of DLA. CARER S ALLOWANCE (CA) Carer s Allowance is a cash benefit of a week from the DWP. If your child gets the middle or highest rate care component of DLA and you spend 35 hours or more a week caring for them you can claim Carer s Allowance. You cannot get Carer s Allowance if you earn 100 or more a week after tax and deductions for certain costs like childcare (while you are at work), or if you are in full-time education. If you don't qualify but someone else helps care for your child, they may be able to claim instead. Carer Premium You may be paid Carer s Allowance or your decision may say you are entitled to Carer's Allowance but you cannot be paid because you are getting another benefit. Either way it can help you get more Housing Benefit, Council Tax Benefit, Jobseeker's Allowance, Income Support, Employment & Support Allowance, or Pension Credit. The extra is called a carer premium. Qualifying for the carer premium could mean you are better off by up to a week. See our leaflet Carers - Benefits For You for more details. Rita is a single mum with a five year old son, Rob. He gets the highest rate care component of DLA and higher rate mobility. Rita claimed Carer's Allowance for looking after him and gets a week. She also gets a carer premium with her Income Support. 5
6 INCOME SUPPORT Income Support is a benefit paid by Jobcentre Plus to certain groups of people who do not have enough money to live on and who do not have to be available for work, for example a carer or a lone parent. Any money you (or your partner) have coming in is taken into account in deciding how much Income Support you can get. To get Income Support you must be working less than 16 hours a week. And your partner must work under 24 hours a week. It can also include help towards mortgage interest payments, although there is usually a waiting period before this is included. Income Support is an important benefit because once you get it you can automatically get maximum Housing Benefit and Council Tax Benefit and other help, for example, with health costs. CHILD TAX CREDIT Child Tax Credit is paid by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). You can claim it whether you are in or out of work and you have a child/ren under the age of 16, (or under 20 if they re in full-time education or approved training). The amount you get depends on your (and your partner's) circumstances and income. You can still get it with an income of over 50,000 a year. Extra amounts If your child gets Disability Living Allowance, you will get the disabled child element which is an additional 52 a week. If your child is severely disabled and entitled to the highest rate care component of DLA, you will get the severely disabled child element as well which is an additional 21 a week. This means you could get up to an extra 73 a week income in Child Tax Credits. The disability and severe disability elements can be backdated to the date of the DLA award if you tell HMRC within three months of the DLA decision. Ring the tax credits helpline on for more details and to make a claim. 6
7 WHEN YOUR CHILD TURNS 16 At 16, your child can claim benefits in their own right. But, if they do, any benefits or Tax Credits you get for them will stop. If your child starts to get DLA paid to them directly as an adult, it will not stop you continuing to get benefit and Tax Credit payments for them as your dependent. If your child stays in full-time non-advanced education or some types of training, you may have a choice. Either you can carry on claiming for them as part of your family or they can claim for themselves as a disabled adult. You need to weigh up which option is best for your family. If you get the maximum rate of Child Tax Credit or you get Income Support or income-based Jobseeker s Allowance you could be a lot worse off if your child claims benefits in their own right. Also, some young people on Employment & Support Allowance lose their right to free prescriptions. Each family s circumstances are different, so it is important to get advice before your child turns 16. Use the coupon in this leaflet to get a better off benefit check. Alice is aged 15 and attends a special school because of her learning difficulties. She lives with her mum who gets Carer s Allowance and Income Support as well as Child Benefit, DLA and Child Tax Credit for Alice. When Alice is 16, she will be able to claim Employment & Support Allowance in her own right and her DLA will be paid to her instead of her mum. But Alice's mum will lose Child Benefit and Child Tax Credit. 7
8 Changes in how benefit is paid Just before your child reaches 16 you may be contacted by Jobcentre Plus who need to decide if your child is considered capable of handling their own affairs so that any DLA can start to be paid directly to them. If not, you are usually asked to become their appointee which means that you continue to be responsible for making claims and filling in forms on their behalf. If your child can manage their own claims but can t physically collect their benefit, then they can nominate someone to do this for them an agent. If your child is already getting DLA, when they reach 16, their claim will be assessed using the adult version of the form. The form has a number of differences including a cooking test which only applies to people aged 16 or over. It is a good idea to get advice about completing the form. Employment & Support Allowance (ESA) This is a weekly cash benefit from Jobcentre Plus. Your child might get it if they have a disability that means they are unlikely to get a job. They can claim when they are 16 even if they stay on at school or college. To claim ring (textphone ). If you find it difficult using the phone you can claim online instead or ask for a claim form to be sent to you. You will also need to get a medical certificate from your doctor to show that your child is unable to work. It is important to get the certificate backdated for at least 28 weeks, even if it covers a period before their 16th birthday. But if they have been sick or disabled for less than 28 weeks, get it backdated as far as you can. 8
9 Work and Benefits If your child wants to work rather than staying on at school or college, there are some options if they get ESA. Option 1: they can earn up to 20 a week at any time. Option 2: they can earn up to 95 a week, if they work less than 16 hours a week for a limited time of 52 weeks (there is no time limit if you are in the support group). Option 3: they can earn up to 95 a week if they are in specialist supported employment. There is no time limit for this type of work. Option 4: If they want to work for 16 hours a week or more, they can claim Working Tax Credit as a top-up to their pay instead of ESA. Extra amounts are paid with Working Tax Credit for disability. Use the coupon to get a benefit check to find out which is the best option for you. OTHER HELP Family Fund This is a charity that gives grants for specific items to help care for a child under 18 with severe disabilities. You can ask for whatever you need most, for example, a washing machine, driving lessons, hospital visiting costs, computers and holidays. You can apply to the fund once each year. Your social and financial circumstances are taken into account when considering your request. For more details and to apply ring or visit Community Care Grants These are lump sum payments from the social fund paid by Jobcentre Plus to help people on a low income with specific costs such as clothing or household items. To qualify you must be getting Income Support, income-based Jobseeker s Allowance, income-related Employment & Support Allowance or Pension Credit. A grant can be given to ease exceptional pressures on you and your family, for example because you have a child with serious health problems or a disability. For more details get our leaflet Community Care Grants. 9
10 ON THE ROAD If your child gets the higher rate mobility component of DLA you can also get: A blue badge - for more details ring You may also get this if your child is registered blind or is under 2 and has a medical condition which means that they always need bulky medical equipment with them or need to be kept near a vehicle so that they can be treated quickly if need be. Exemption from road tax - contact the DLA Unit on A car, electric wheelchair or scooter under the motability scheme - for more details and to apply ring Even if your child does not get higher rate mobility, you may also get: Disabled bus pass/now card - free off peak travel if your child is over 5. In some areas a carer may also qualify - ring for details. AT HOME Council Tax Reductions for disability - you may be able to get money off your Council Tax if a room in your house is used mainly by your disabled child to meet their special needs, or if you have a second kitchen or bathroom, or extra wheelchair space. For more details get our factsheet Money off your Council Tax. Help with housing costs - if you get Housing Benefit or Council Tax Benefit then getting DLA for your child may lead to an increase in benefit. If you don t get these benefits but are liable for rent or council tax, getting DLA for your child may help you qualify for the first time. Discretionary housing payments - your local council can make a discretionary payment if you are entitled to some Housing Benefit or Council Tax Benefit and need further help to meet your housing costs. For more information get our leaflets Help with your Housing Costs and Council Tax Benefit. 10 Rates in this leaflet will change in April 2011 Lancashire County Council Welfare Rights Service
11 PLEASE SEND ME THE FOLLOWING LEAFLETS (Tick as many boxes as you like) Benefit Advice & Information in Lancashire Carer's Allowance (claim pack) Carers - Benefits for you Community Care Grants Concessionary Travel Council Tax Benefit Disability Living Allowance Employment & Support Allowance Help with your Housing Costs Hospital Appointment Money off your Council Tax Working tax credit You can also order these leaflets by ringing or download them from our website at FREE BENEFIT CHECK I would like you to check my benefit Please tick: By telephone By post Name of child: Age: Make sure you fill in your name and address on the other side of this coupon. 11
12 Ring us on or fill in the form overleaf and send in an envelope to: Welfare Rights Service, FREEPOST, Preston, PR1 8BR (You don t need a stamp) Mr/Mrs/Miss/Ms First Name: Surname: Address: Postcode: Telephone: Benefit Advice Guide Children & Young People with Disabilities
Attendance Allowance. Also available in large print or other formats. www.lancashire.gov.uk
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