Space Activities in Japan

Transcription

1 Space Activities in Japan November 9, 2020 Space Info Day, Brussels Takayuki Kawai Counsellor, New Enterprise Promotion Dept., Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)

2 Space Transportation JAXA Activities Human Space Activities Satellite Program Lunar & Planetary Exploration Program Aviation Program Space Science 2

3 Mid-Term Goals Japan s Space Activities Structure National Security Council (NSC) (National Security Strategy) Strategic Headquarters for Space Policy (Basic Plan for Space Policy) Cabinet Office (Office of National Space Policy) Space Policy Committee (Discussion on the Review of Basic Plan for Space Policy) Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Council for Science and Technology (Committee on Space Development & Utilization /Aeronautical Technologies) (R&D Promotion Policy for Space Development & Utilization, Aeronautical Technologies) Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) Ministry of Defense (MOD) Mid-Term Plan Other Ministries 3

4 JAXA Activities Space Security Space Situational Awareness, including Space Debris Advanced Optical Satellite Promotion of Civil Space Utilization Orbital Carbon Observatory-2 Satellite Sky Frontier Program Reinforcement of Industrial and Scientific Infrastructure 4 H3 Launch Vehicle Hayabusa2 ISS, Japanese Experiment Module Kibo,HTV(Kounotori) Technologies are transferred to industry and science 4

5 Chofu Aerospace Research Center JAXA HQ & Field Centers Earth Observation Center Tokyo Office Tsukuba Space Center Sagamihara Campus Network of Tracking Communication Stations Kiruna Tracking Station Maspalomas Tracking Station Santiago Tracking Station Mingenew Tracking Station 3 Major Field Centers and 2 Launch Sites 5

6 Launch Vehicles H-II A First Flight in 2001, and 27/ 28 successful launches. H-II B First Flight in 2009, Epsilon First Launch on Sept 14, successful flights of 16.5 ton HTV to ISS 3 stages Solid Rocket GTO 4-6 ton class GTO 8 ton class LEO 1.2 ton, SSO capability capability 0.45 ton 6

7 Japan's Next Generation Launcher Basic concepts of Japan's Next Generation Launcher Aimed at experimental launch in 2020 Half launch price and maintenance cost of H-IIA Flexible launch capability to meet a wide variety of needs Higher reliability than the world standard Length: about 63m Large-size satellite fairing Improved 2 nd engine Thrust: 14tonf ISP: 448s Improved Solid Rocket Booster (0 to 4) Thrust (MAX): 235tonf ISP: 283s Simple separation mechanism H2A202 H2A204 H2B New 1 st Engine (changeable 2 or 3) Japan's Next Generation Launcher Thrust: 150 tonf ISP: 425s 7

8 H-II Transfer Vehicle (HTV)/H-IIB Unmanned cargo vehicle to carry supplies to ISS as one of Japan s great international contribution. HTV Mission Control Room, Tsukuba H-II B Launch Vehicle

9 Human Space Activities Credit : JAXA/NASA Astronaut Kimiya YUI Now on board ISS / Expedition 44,45 Crew 9

10 JEM KIBO at ISS JEM KIBO is the first Japanese human space facility and the largest experiment module of the International Space Station(ISS). 10

11 Japan s ISS Flight Overview JFY ~2019 Kibo Assembly 3 rd launch st launch ( ) ELM-PS ( ) 2 nd launch ( ) PM EF HTV1 HTV2 HTV3 HTV4 HTV5 HTV Flights (Since 2009 to Estimated 2020) HTV6~9 Kibo Utilization and Operation Doi (1J/A) Wakata Hoshide (2J/A) (1J) Noguchi (Ex.22/23) Furukawa (Ex.28/29) Hoshide (Ex. 32,33) Wakata (Ex.38/39) Yui (Ex.44/45) (July 2015) Onishi (Ex.48/49) (June 2016) Yamazaki STS

12 ALOS-2 Earth Observaton Satellites launched on May 24, 2014 disaster monitoring, etc. GOSAT launched on Jan 23, 2009 carbon dioxide observation GCOM-W GCOM-C launched on May 18, 2012 water circulation observation to be launched in JFY cloud and aerosol observation

13 JAXA s Current Activities Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 "DAICHI-2" (ALOS-2) Launch date : May 24 (Sat), 2014 (JST) Launch site : Tanegashima Space Center Launch Vehicle: H-IIA Launch Vehicle No. 24 The Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 (ALOS-2), followon mission from the "DAICHI", will contribute to disaster management, cartography, forest monitoring, and other various applications with the state-of-the-art L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR-2). 13

14 JAXA s Current Activities GPM core observatory launched by H-IIA The launch of the H-IIA Launch Vehicle No. 23 with the core observatory for the Global Precipitation Measurement mission aboard was successfully performed on February 28, The GPM core observatory observes not only the tropical zone but also mid to high latitude areas by having an orbit inclination of 65 degrees with the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR). In addition, with its non-sunsynchronous orbit, it can capture changes in precipitation in one day. First Image released on Mar 25,

15 Precision Farming Experiment using QZSS New South Wales, Australia in 2014 and 2015 The Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS): The first satellite 'Michibiki' was launched from Tanegashima Space Center, JAXA in September It provides precise positioning service of cm order. Autonomous Robot tractor in night Precise tractor path 15

16 HAYABUSA 1 Asteroid Explorer Hayabusa, had traveled and touched down on the asteroid Itokawa. In June 2010, it returned to the Earth after 7-years journey, became the first spacecraft to bring back samples from a celestial body other than the Moon. Asteroid Itokawa

17 HAYABUSA 2 Hayabusa2 was launched in Dec After the Earth swingby in 2015, it will arrive at the target asteroid, 1999 JU3, in June After staying for one and half years, the spacecraft will leave the asteroid in December 2019, and it will bring back the capsule containing samples to the earth in December 2020.

18 Space Science ASTRO-H X-ray Astronomy Satellite to be launched in 2016 HINODE Solar Physics Satellite Research on Space Atmosphere and Plasma 18

19 ASTRO-H ASTRO-H enables high sensitivity observations of celestial sources across a wide energy range, from X-rays to gamma-rays, bands presenting considerable technical challenges.

20 FY2015 Annual Budget Approved April 9, 2015 FY2015 : Bil. Yen ( 1.3 Bil. US$) FY2014: Bil. Yen FY2013: Bil. Yen [unit : Bil.Yen] Others Reliability Improvement Space Transportation % % % % % Space Science & Exploration % % Space Technology & Aeronautics International Space Station Program Space Applications 20

21 Transition of JAXA Budget FY2015 Government Budget(Draft) : Billion Yen (Principal Budget:154.1 billion yen, FY2014 Supplementary Budget: 29.9 billion yen) Compared to the previous fiscal year: +1.4% (Incl. supplementary budget ) [unit : Billion Yen] Former 3 Agencies JAXA (29.9) FY2000 FY2001 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008 FY2009 FY2010 FY2011 FY2012 FY2013 FY2014 FY

22 Japanese Space and related Industry (FY2013) Total Sales Volume of the Space Industry is $ 2.83 B The sales for User and Service Equipment Industry made major contribution Main User s Sales depend on foreign Satellite Space related Industry makes big contribution to development of the economy Space Service Equipment Industry Space Industry Space Service Industry SERVICES SERVICES Space Service User Category Sales Volume [B US$] Space Industry (Rocket, Satellite, Ground Facility) 2.83 Space Service Industry (Communication, Broadcasting, Positioning, Remote sensing Service) Space Service Equipment Industry (BS TV, BS Tuner, Car-Navi., GPS Equipment) Space Service User (Utilization of Space Services) 35.5 Total Sales Volume 1 US $= 100 Source: The Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies 22

23 Trend of the Product Sales in Japanese Space Industry Product Sales by Category (M$) 3,500 3,000 2,500 2,000 1,500 1, * 2015* rocket & satellite ground equipment software Note: 2014*,2015*: assumption 1$= 100 Source: The Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies 23

24 Trend of the Product Export and Import Export (M$) N. America Europe Other Import (M$) N. America Europe 1$= 100 Source: The Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies 24

25 Providing Service in Almost the Entire Space Field earth observation space science & planetary exploration communications meteorological navigation CJAXA H-2 Transfer Vehicle (HTV) International Space Station Japanese experiment module space operation launch vehicle 25

26 Major Companies in Space Industry Category Activities Company Name Satellite System Launch / Space vehicles Satellite Applications Services R & D Manufacturing Ground Systems Components Software R & D Manufacturing Propellant Launch Services Map Imaging Data Processing Broadcasting /Communication Services Engineering Support Mitsubishi Electric Corp(MELCO) NEC Corp Fujitsu Ltd. Mitsubishi Precision Co. Ltd. Tamagawa Seiki Co. Ltd. Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Ltd. Mitsubishi Heavy Industry Ltd. (MHI) IHI Corp. IHI Aerospace Corp. (IA) Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd. (KHI) Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. (FHI) Nippi Corp. Mitsubishi Space Software Co. Ltd. Daisel Corp. NOF Corp. Hitachi Ltd. Defense Systems Company SKY Perfect-JSAT Corp. Japan Space Imaging Corp. PASCO Corp. Japan Manned Space Systems Corp. Remote Sensing Technology Center of Japan 26

27 Small Satellite Launch Opportunity Deployment from H-IIA rocket Program to provide opportunity to academia, researchers, engineers to deploy small satellite(s) for the purpose of human resource development and/or technical demonstration. Small satellites could be deployed from: H-IIA rocket Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) Deployment from Japanese Experiment Module (JEM) 27

28 Space Exploration Innovation Hab New field technologies form industrial companies Space Exploration Innovation Hub Center JAXA Inst. of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) Aerospace Research and Development Direc. Human Spaceflight Technology Direc. Establishing an all-japanese system with our industrial wisdom and skill Synergy effect by gathering various field engineers and scientists Inviting renowned overseas researchers and constructing a space exploration research hub in Asia. Acquiring human resources, i.e., experts on technology transformation, specialized staff for intellectual property management, etc. 28

29 Technology Required for Space Exploration Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) and JAXA budget $6.5M for the Hab. JST provides funds of $800,000 for universities, agencies and industrial companies to work in R&D functions. 29

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