Market Demand for Graduate Degrees in Business Schools with a Health Care Industry Focus

Transcription

1 COE Forum Market Demand for Graduate Degrees in Business Schools with a Health Care Industry Focus Custom Research Brief eab.com

2 COE Forum Alex Severin Research Associate Anna Krenkel Research Manager LEGAL CAVEAT The Advisory Board Company has made efforts to verify the accuracy of the information it provides to members. This report relies on data obtained from many sources, however, and The Advisory Board Company cannot guarantee the accuracy of the information provided or any analysis based thereon. In addition, The Advisory Board Company is not in the business of giving legal, medical, accounting, or other professional advice, and its reports should not be construed as professional advice. In particular, members should not rely on any legal commentary in this report as a basis for action, or assume that any tactics described herein would be permitted by applicable law or appropriate for a given member s situation. Members are advised to consult with appropriate professionals concerning legal, medical, tax, or accounting issues, before implementing any of these tactics. Neither The Advisory Board Company nor its officers, directors, trustees, employees and agents shall be liable for any claims, liabilities, or expenses relating to (a) any errors or omissions in this report, whether caused by The Advisory Board Company or any of its employees or agents, or sources or other third parties, (b) any recommendation or graded ranking by The Advisory Board Company, or (c) failure of member and its employees and agents to abide by the terms set forth herein. The Advisory Board is a registered trademark of The Advisory Board Company in the United States and other countries. Members are not permitted to use this trademark, or any other Advisory Board trademark, product name, service name, trade name, and logo, without the prior written consent of The Advisory Board Company. All other trademarks, product names, service names, trade names, and logos used within these pages are the property of their respective holders. Use of other company trademarks, product names, service names, trade names and logos or images of the same does not necessarily constitute (a) an endorsement by such company of The Advisory Board Company and its products and services, or (b) an endorsement of the company or its products or services by The Advisory Board Company. The Advisory Board Company is not affiliated with any such company. IMPORTANT: Please read the following. The Advisory Board Company has prepared this report for the exclusive use of its members. Each member acknowledges and agrees that this report and the information contained herein (collectively, the Report ) are confidential and proprietary to The Advisory Board Company. By accepting delivery of this Report, each member agrees to abide by the terms as stated herein, including the following: 1. The Advisory Board Company owns all right, title and interest in and to this Report. Except as stated herein, no right, license, permission or interest of any kind in this Report is intended to be given, transferred to or acquired by a member. Each member is authorized to use this Report only to the extent expressly authorized herein. 2. Each member shall not sell, license, or republish this Report. Each member shall not disseminate or permit the use of, and shall take reasonable precautions to prevent such dissemination or use of, this Report by (a) any of its employees and agents (except as stated below), or (b) any third party. 3. Each member may make this Report available solely to those of its employees and agents who (a) are registered for the workshop or membership program of which this Report is a part, (b) require access to this Report in order to learn from the information described herein, and (c) agree not to disclose this Report to other employees or agents or any third party. Each member shall use, and shall ensure that its employees and agents use, this Report for its internal use only. Each member may make a limited number of copies, solely as adequate for use by its employees and agents in accordance with the terms herein. 4. Each member shall not remove from this Report any confidential markings, copyright notices, and other similar indicia herein. 5. Each member is responsible for any breach of its obligations as stated herein by any of its employees or agents. 6. If a member is unwilling to abide by any of the foregoing obligations, then such member shall promptly return this Report and all copies thereof to The Advisory Board Company The Advisory Board Company 2 eab.com

3 Table of Contents 1) Executive Overview 4 Key Observations ) Program Characteristics 5 Curriculum Overview... 5 Common Curricular Components... 8 Student Demographics and Enrollment... 9 Marketing Strategies ) Market Demand Trends 13 National and Regional Trends Jobs by Industry Preferred Educational Background ) Research Methodology 17 Project Challenge Project Sources Research Parameters Appendix 1: Job Postings Data The Advisory Board Company 3 eab.com

4 1) Executive Overview Key Observations Demand for positions that require a graduate degree and business and health carerelated skills increased over 50 percent from January 2010 to July Demand for these skills reached a peak in the first half of 2011, and has since declined 23 percent between 2011 H1 and 2013 H1. However, the overall job market echoes this decline, as total job postings nationwide have also fallen 17 percent since 2011 H1. Hospital systems saw negative job postings growth in recent years while the rest of the health care industry (e.g., medical device manufacturers, electronic health record system manufacturers, insurance agencies) grew. Job postings by employers in the general insurance industry who seek the skills conferred by master s-level business degrees with a focus in health care increased 160 percent between January 2010 and July Contacts observe that few students enter graduate business programs with a health care industry specialization with the objective of changing careers. The majority of students who enroll in these programs already work in the health care industry and seek the credentials necessary for promotion to a management position. Many employed students enroll in courses part-time or on the weekends and continue to work while pursuing a graduate degree. Program advertisements emphasize opportunities for career advancement and flexible scheduling (i.e., online classes, night classes). Profiled institutions offer programs in both face-to-face and hybrid formats to increase program accessibility for health care leaders already practicing in the field. Hybrid programs require student participation on campus before each semester to provide networking opportunities and a course overview. Students at profiled institutions typically have more than a decade of professional experience in the health care industry. No profiled institution offers a purely online program because curricula require group discussion and collaboration, and students value networking with classmates. Contacts develop relationships with local health care employers prior to launching a program to facilitate enrollment and job placements. Top employers in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic from August 2012 to July 2013 include the North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System, Bon Secours Health System Incorporated, and United Health Services, Inc. Methodology: To collect data for this report from the Burning Glass/LaborInsight tool the Forum used the filter graduate or professional degree. This means that the data in this report includes data related to positions that require non-business related master s degrees (e.g., Master s of Nursing). However, it also captures the business skills sought for people in these positions, who may seek additional education (e.g., executive MBAs, certificate programs) from business schools The Advisory Board Company 4 eab.com

5 2) Program Characteristics Curriculum Overview Graduate Business Programs with Health Care Specializations Offer the Most Courses in Management and Finance The number of health care-specific credits students enroll in per semester tends to increase as they near program completion. Examples of health care-specific courses include Health Care Communications Theory and Skill, and Strategic Marketing for Health Care Organizations. Categories of Related Master s Degree Courses Percent Distribution of Courses in Core Curriculum 38% 36% 38% 29% 23% 23% 23% 23% 21% 16% 7% 7% 6% 8% 0% Management Finance Law/Policy Health Care Specific Other Institution A Institution C Institution D All profiled institutions require one law/policy course. Course titles include Health Care Law, Health Policy, and Health Economics and Policy. Of courses categorized as Other at Institution C, 75 percent relate to information systems, data analysis, or ethics The Advisory Board Company 5 eab.com

6 Compared to national data, skills listed in job postings in the Northeastern and Mid- Atlantic states include more business analytic skills and fewer patient care skills. Skills Required for Individuals with Business and Health Care-Related Backgrounds Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern States, July 2012 June 2013 Case Management Accounting Behavioral Health Business Development Patient Care Mental Health Treatment Planning Business Process Contract Management Business Planning Financial Analysis Risk Management Therapy Discharge Planning Rehabilitation Business Administration Acute Care Home Health Financial Reporting 2,577 2,179 2,132 1,990 1,906 1,900 1,755 1,588 1,566 1,496 1,327 1,313 1,255 1,234 1,231 1,186 1,087 5,112 5, ,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 Finance & Accounting Health Care Specific Business & Management n=20,517 total job postings, 735 unspecified Postings Demonstrate High Demand for Clinical Experience and Analytical Business Skills The top skills mentioned in job postings that require skills imparted by business programs with a health care focus demonstrate need for experience delivering patient care and expertise in business processes and analytics. Highly qualified individuals in the health care industry possess clinical knowledge to manage patient interactions; business and management skills ensure appropriate stewardship of hospital resources. Course titles at profiled institutions that teach health care-specific business skills include Introduction to Health Economics, Health Services Finance, and Health Care Financial Management. Skills Common across Profiled Health Care Sectors Include Accounting, Business Process, and Medical Coding Job postings from the ten major insurance companies require more expertise in medicalspecific skills, such as clinical experience, treatment planning, and medical management, than the other health care sectors. Both the health care consulting industry and the medical device manufacturing industry emphasize business process, accounting, and business/product development as necessary skills. The electronic health records system industry requires knowledge of both health and business-related areas, as top skills include medical coding, health care information, and business process/analysis The Advisory Board Company 6 eab.com

7 Skills in Greatest Demand for Individuals with Business and Health Carerelated Skills in the Insurance Industry National Data, 2013 H1, Graduate Degree Required or Preferred Clinical Experience Case Management Medical Management Patient Care Medical Coding Physical Demand Treatment Planning Home Health Internal Medicine Occupational Medicine ,060 Health Care-Specific Skills n = 4,171; 0 unspecified Skills in Greatest Demand for Individuals with Business and Health Carerelated Skills in the Health Care Consulting Industry National Data, 2013 H1, Graduate Degree Required or Preferred Accounting Business Process Business Intelligence SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Oracle Business Development Peoplesoft SAS Risk Assessment Business-Specific Skills n = 426; 0 unspecified Skills in Greatest Demand for Individuals with Business and Health Carerelated Skills in the Medical Device Manufacturing Industry National Data, 2013 H1, Graduate Degree Required or Preferred Business Planning Business Process Business Administration Product Development Sales Business Strategy Clinical Research SAP Accounting Business Development Business-Specific Skills Health Care-Specific Skills n = 5,122; 0 unspecified The Advisory Board Company 7 eab.com

8 Skills in Greatest Demand for Individuals with Business and Health Carerelated Skills in the Electronic Health Records System Industry National Data, 2013 H1, Graduate Degree Required or Preferred Medical Coding SQL Healthcare Information Business Process Business Analysis Eclipsys JAVA Software Engineering Client/Server Microsoft C# Business-Specific Skills Health Care-Specific Skills n = 1,424; 0 unspecified Common Curricular Components Institutions Emphasize Case Studies and Ethics throughout Course Curriculum While program titles differ, profiled institutions use a number of common curricular strategies to connect business curriculum to the health care industry and impart skills necessary to receive promotions or enter the field: Curricular Strategies at Profiled Institutions 1 Emphasize Health Care Industry Case Studies Contacts report that most courses within graduate business programs offer a combination of lectures and case studies. Case studies foster group discussions and develop financial analysis skills. Because most students already have experience in the health care industry, contacts note that students embrace the opportunity to incorporate their professional experience into an educational environment through case studies. Offer Online and Hybrid Programs Selectively Although online and hybrid courses appeal to students seeking flexibility in their course schedules, a face-to-face format better suits some courses. Contacts report that quantitative courses such as finance or accounting are less effective in an online format due to the amount of demonstration and hands-on assistance required by an instructor. Promote Ethics throughout the Program Many core classes, such as law and leadership courses, feature ethics as a central course component. Instructors at profiled institutions are encouraged to also incorporate ethical issues into case studies and class discussions outside these traditional courses. 1) LeMaster, Joe. Developing a Master of Business Administration with Multiple Concentrations. Education Advisory Board. Accessed September 10, Education-Forum/Custom/2012/01/Developing-a-Master-of-Business-Administration-Program-with-Multiple- Concentrations 2013 The Advisory Board Company 8 eab.com

9 Student Demographics and Enrollment Offer Program in Hybrid Format to Increase Student Accessibility The average student enrolled in Institution A s program possesses 23 years of prior professional experience. At Institution B, the average enrolled student has more than 19 years of prior field experience. Contacts at Institution A note that programs offered in a hybrid format provide flexibility for students who also work full-time. Hybrid programs also encourage interaction and teamwork between students during on-campus sessions. Contacts stress the importance of face-to-face interaction in courses that teach management and organizational leadership, as these lessons are difficult to successfully impart in an online setting. Current Occupations for Students Enrolled in Graduate Business Programs with a Health Care Industry Focus Institution A, Nursing Homes/Alternate Care Sites, 2% U.S. Military Health Services (Navy), 4% Insurance Companies, 7% Public Health Officials (State/National), 11% Hospitals/Health Systems/Group Practice, 76% Titles of Enrolled Students in Graduate Business Program with a Health Care Industry Focus Institution B, President, CEO, Vice President, 11% Continuous Improvement Leaders, 22% Manager, Professional, 39% Director, Senior Manager, 28% 2013 The Advisory Board Company 9 eab.com

10 Marketing Strategies Emphasize Program Flexibility and Career Advancement Opportunities to Increase Enrollment Contacts emphasize that outreach to currently employed individuals in the health care industry at top regional employers may offer the best return on marketing investment. Five of the top 20 national employers for individuals with business and health care-related skills are headquartered in the Northeast or Mid-Atlantic. Contacts recommend that marketing materials emphasize flexible scheduling (e.g., online classes or after-work course options) and career advancement. Top Employers for Individuals with Business and Health Care-related Skills that Require or Prefer a Graduate or Professional Degree National Data, August 2012 July 2013 Hospital Corporation of America Sutter Health Cleveland Clinic Universal Health Services, Inc. Providence Health & Services Community Health Systems Dignity Health Southern Illinois Health Ascension Health Catholic Health Initiatives *Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Healthsouth St. Mary's Medical Center of Evansville, Inc North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System Becton Dickinson Cardinal Health, Inc. American Red Cross Diversified Clinical Services, Inc Fresenius Medical Care North America Hospital or Hospital System Headquartered in Northeastern or Mid- Atlantic States 2,152 Hospital or System with Headquarters in Northeastern or Mid-Atlantic States *Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research n=68,093 total job postings, 17,087 unspecified 2013 The Advisory Board Company 10 eab.com

11 Top Employers for Individuals with Business and Health Care-related Skills that Require or Prefer a Graduate or Professional Degree Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern States, August 2012-July 2013 North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System Bon Secours Health System Incorporated Universal Health Services, Inc. Newton Memorial Hospital Steward Health Care Sentara Healthcare Genesis Healthcare Corporation Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Massachusetts General Hospital Hospital Corporation of America Becton Dickinson Highland Hospital Association Fresenius Medical Care North America American Red Cross Wheeler Clinic Quest Diagnostics Incorporated Partners Healthcare Healthsouth Mount Sinai Medical Center Adventist Healthcare Select Medical n = 17,297; 0 unspecified Four of the Top Ten National MSAs for Job Postings with Business and Health Care-Related Skills are in the Northeast or Mid-Atlantic Two of the top three metropolitan statistical areas with the highest demand for business and health care-related skills are located in the Northeast (i.e., New York City and Boston), which suggests a large number of potential students for programs targeted to working adults in those markets. These two MSAs account for more than 10 percent of all job postings for individuals with business and health care-related skills. Top Metropolitan Statistical Areas for Individuals with Business and Health Care-related Skills that Require or Prefer a Graduate or Professional Degree National Data, August 2012-July 2013 New York-Northern New Jersey, NY-NJ-PA Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Denver-Aurora-Broomfield, CO 4,389 2,658 2,379 2,226 2,037 1,961 Metropolitan 1,714 statistical area in 1,501 Northeastern or 1,481 Mid-Atlantic 1,313 States n=66,695 total job postings, 0 unspecified 2013 The Advisory Board Company 11 eab.com

12 Massachusetts Contains 18 Percent of Job Postings in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic for Business and Health Care-Related Skills From August 1, 2012 to July 30, 2013, employers in the health care industry in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic posted 17,297 jobs for individuals with business-related skills and a graduate or professional degree. Of those job postings, 18 percent were located in Massachusetts, including the Wooster, MA-CT Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). Top Metropolitan Statistical Areas for Individuals with Business and Health Care-related Skills that Require or Prefer a Graduate or Professional Degree Northeast and Mid-Atlantic States, August 2012-July 2013 New York-Northern New Jersey, NY-NJ-PA Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Baltimore-Towson, MD Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT Pittsburgh, PA Richmond, VA Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Providence-Fall River-Warwick, RI-MA Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY Worcester, MA-CT ,714 1,481 2,658 Metropolitan statistical area in Massachusetts 4,389 n=17,297 total job postings, 0 unspecified 2013 The Advisory Board Company 12 eab.com

13 3) Market Demand Trends National and Regional Trends Employer Demand for Individuals with Business and Health Care-related Skills and a Graduate Degree has Increased 55 Percent since 2010 Job postings for individuals with business and health care-related skills and a master s degree peaked in 2011 H1, and have since seen a 23 percent decrease (for a net increase of 55 percent). The number of total job postings echoes this finding, as national job postings have declined 17 percent since its peak in 2011 H1. However, decline in national job postings may reflect positions filled from two years of strong hiring and not necessarily less demand. Although the number of all job postings nationally decreased two percent between 2012 H2 and 2013 H1, the number of job postings for individuals with business and health care-related skills and a master s degree increased by two percent. Trends in All Job Postings Compared with Trends in Job Postings for Business and Health Care-related Skills National Data, January 2010 June 2013, Master s Degree Required or Preferred H H H H H H H1 National Job Postings (in quarter millions) National Job Postings for Individuals with Business and Health Care-related Skills (in thousands) Source: Burning Glass Labor/Insight Northeast and Mid-Atlantic Job Posting Trends for Individuals with Business and Health Care-Related Skills Echo National Trends Between 2010 H1 and 2013 H1, national job postings for individuals with business and health-care related skills increased by 55 percent. In the same period, job postings in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic increased 37 percent. Both national and Northeast/Mid-Atlantic job postings peaked in 2011 H1 and decreased approximately 20 percent since that time. However, both saw a two percent increase in job postings between 2012 H2 and 2013 H1 after a nearly 23 percent decrease between 2012 H1 and 2012 H The Advisory Board Company 13 eab.com

14 Trends in National Job Postings for Individuals with Business and Health Carerelated Skills Compared with Trends in Northeast/Mid-Atlantic Job Postings January 2010 June 2013, Master s Degree Required or Preferred H H H H H H H1 National Job Postings (in thousands) Northeast/Mid-Atlantic Job Postings (in thousands) Jobs by Industry Health Care Industry-Related Job Postings, Particularly in the Hospital Industry, Are Declining A decline in the number of postings for hospital jobs reflects slowed hiring and increased hospital lay-offs. 2 Compared to national data, hospital jobs in the Northeastern and Mid- Atlantic states demonstrate a lower percent decrease over the last three years (i.e., between 2010 H1 and 2013 H1). Master s-level Health Care Job Postings Compared to Hospital Job Postings National Data H H H H H H H1 Health Care Sector Job Postings, Excluding Hospitals (in thousands) Hospital Job Postings (in thousands) ) 2 Analysts: Hospital Mass Layoffs on the Rise, Advisory Board Company, accessed July 29 th, 2013, ( The Advisory Board Company 14 eab.com

15 Master s-level Health Care Job Postings Compared to Hospital Job Postings Northeastern and Mid-Atlantic States Data H H H H H H H1 Health Care Industry Job Postings, Excluding Hospitals (in thousands) Hospital Job Postings (in thousands) Insurance Industry Demand for Individuals with Business and Health Care-related Skills Increased 160 Percent since 2010 Between 2010 H1 and 2013 H1, job postings from the medical device manufacturing industry increased 42 percent and job postings from the insurance industry increased 160 percent. Demand for individuals with business and health care-related skills and a graduate degree in the health care consulting industry and the electronic health record systems industry stayed stable, with only a seven percent and one percent increase respectively. Job postings from Unitedhealth Group, Inc. increased from 893 in 2010 H1 to 2, H1, a nearly 200 percent increase. Percent Change Between 2010 H1 and 2013 H1 of Job Postings in Health Care- Related Industries for Individuals with Business and Health Care Skills National Data, Jan June % 42% 7% 1% Insurance Providers Medical Device Manufacturers Health Care Consulting Electronic Health Record Systems 2013 The Advisory Board Company 15 eab.com

16 Health and Wellbeing Applications Alone Account for More than 40 Percent of All Mobile Phone Apps Currently in Development Although contacts have no knowledge of app developers enrolled in their programs, research suggests that health and wellbeing mobile applications are rapidly expanding. According to a study by Biomed Central, 52 percent of medical students use at least one health care application on their smartphone. 3 Research suggests that technology and smartphone applications will continue to have a pronounced effect on the health care industry, as more doctors rely on apps to increase efficiency. Burning Glass/Labor Insight App Development Data In 2013 H1, employers in the health care industry posted only 31 jobs nationally that seek skills related to app development. This is an increase of 288 percent from 2010 H1. However, this data does not capture the full demand as many app developers working on health-related apps are employed outside the health care industry. Preferred Educational Background Only 25 Percent of Total National Job Postings Require or Prefer a Master s Degree Between August 2012 and July 2013, employers posted 274,672 jobs for individuals with both business and health care-related skills. Of those jobs, 68,411 either required or preferred that candidates possess a master s or professional degree. Nearly half of all job postings required or preferred a bachelor s degree. Requested Educational Qualifications in Job Postings for Business and Health Care-Related Skills National Data, August 2012 July 2013 Master's or Professional Degree 27% High School Degree 10% Postsecondary or Associate's Degree 15% Bachelor's Degree 48% n = 274,672; 0 unspecified 3) Smartphone and application use among medical students. Biomed Central. Accessed September 12, The Advisory Board Company 16 eab.com

17 4) Research Methodology Project Challenge Leadership at a member institution approached the Forum with the following questions: Occupation Trends and Market Demand Analysis In what industries are graduates with a graduate degree from business schools with a specialization in health care in the greatest demand? What is the market demand for medical device and equipment manufacturers, insurance providers, electronic health record system and other software vendors, and health care consulting? How has the demand for graduates changed in recent years? What skills or competencies are desired of candidates for related positions? What specialty areas, concentrations, or specialized knowledge within the field are especially in demand by employers? What are the educational requirements for related positions? Do most positions require graduate-level education? What are the common job titles or occupations of graduates from graduate programs housed in business schools with health care specializations? Who are the primary employers of graduates from graduate programs housed in business schools with health care specialization? Analysis of Peer and Competitor Programs What are the primary components of the curriculum graduate programs in business/management with a specialization in health care? What are the professional and demographic characteristics of applicants and admitted students, with respect to age, gender, place in career, and educational attainment? What motivates students to enroll in graduate programs business schools with a specialization in health care? What degrees or job experiences in applicants does the program target? What specific backgrounds do administrators seek in applicants? Project Sources The Forum consulted the following sources for this report: Advisory Board s internal research libraries: LeMaster, Joe. Developing a Master of Business Administration with Multiple Concentrations. Education Advisory Board. Accessed September 10, Forum/Custom/2012/01/Developing-a-Master-of-Business-Administration-Program-with- Multiple-Concentrations Analysts: Hospital Mass Layoffs on the Rise, Advisory Board Company, accessed July 29 th, 2013, ( The Chronicle of Higher Education. Accessed September 10, The Advisory Board Company 17 eab.com

18 Smartphone and application use among medical students. Biomed Central. Accessed September 12, The Benefits of Apps in Health Care. The Guardian. Accessed September 17, Research Parameters The Forum interviewed directors of graduate business degrees that focus on the health care industry. A Guide to Institutions Profiled in this Brief Institution Location Approximate Institutional Enrollment (Undergraduate/Total) Classification Institution A Northeast 4,000/6,000 Institution C Pacific West 5,000/8,000 Institution D Northeast 3,500/4,000 Institution B Midwest 43,000/56,000 Institution E Mid-Atlantic 24,000/31,0000 Research Universities (very high research activity) Master's Colleges and Universities (larger programs) Master's Colleges and Universities (larger programs) Research Universities (very high research activity) Research Universities (very high research activity) 2013 The Advisory Board Company 18 eab.com

19 Appendix 1: Job Postings Data Chart 1: Top Job Titles Associated with Skills Conferred by Master s-level Business Degree with a Focus in Health Care (Job Postings Require a Graduate or Professional Degree) National Data, August 2012 July 2013 Social Worker Director Of Nursing Registered Nurse Nurse Case Manager Nurse Practitioner Financial Analyst Internal Auditor Speech Language Pathologist Chief Financial Officer Physical Therapist Case Manager Medical Director Clinical Social Worker Tax Manager Internal Audit Manager Chief Executive Officer Physician Director Of Finance Business Analyst Accounting Manager Physician's Assistant Accountant Program Director Nurse Manager Marketing Manager Tax Attorney Psychologist Clinical Psychologist Sales Specialist Medical Social Worker Administrative Director Chief Operating Officer Mental Health Counselor Mental Health Therapist Clinical Therapist Regional Director Program Manager Rehab Clinical Nurse Per Diem Nurse ,462 1,260 1,028 1,008 1,814 2,205 3,096 n = 66,695; 0 unspecified 2013 The Advisory Board Company 19 eab.com

20 Chart 2: Top Job Titles Associated with Skills Conferred by Master s-level Business Degree with a Focus in Health Care (Job Postings Require a Graduate or Professional Degree) Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern States, August 2012 July 2013 Social Worker Director Of Nursing Nurse Practitioner Registered Nurse Internal Auditor Nurse Case Manager Financial Analyst Clinical Social Worker Internal Audit Manager Case Manager Speech Language Pathologist Tax Manager Medical Director Marketing Manager Administrative Director Program Manager Rehab Chief Financial Officer Accountant Nurse Manager Physician Program Director Chief Executive Officer Business Analyst Accounting Manager Clinician Physical Therapist Director Of Finance Audit Director Physician's Assistant Psychologist Director Of Marketing Clinical Supervisor Tax Attorney Sales Specialist Psychiatric Nurse Practitioner Mental Health Clinician Manager - Program Grs Pt Psychiatrist Clinical Nurse Account Manager Administrative Manager Program Manager n = 17,297; 0 unspecified The Advisory Board Company 20 eab.com