Improving the Agricultural Supply Chain Management Application Through the Internet

Transcription

1 Improving the Agricultural Supply Chain Management Application Through the Internet GAO Hongmei 1, 2 1. China Agricultural University, College of Resources and Environment, Beijing, Tianjin Agricultural College, Department of Economics and Management, Tianjin, gaohongmei@126.com Abstract: In recent years, food quality and safety issues, such as food poisoning, mad cow disease, foot and mouth disease of livestock and poultry diseases and crises of agricultural residues drugs frequently happen. It concerns people s physical health and the building of a harmonious society. Therefore, to improve the quality and safety of agricultural products is very important and significant to speed up the process of changes in agricultural growth and protect the safety of urban and rural consumption. Based on the analyses of Internet, Internet of things and Agricultural Products Logistics Information Network "triple play" of the construction and integration, this article tries to build a new agricultural product supply chain management not only to achieve the visual quality and traceability of agricultural products and ensure people s food quality and safety but also effectively control the food borne diseases. Keywords: Internet of Things, Agricultural products, Supply chain, Food, Quality and safety 1 Introduction Supply chain management is a hot topic of today's domestic and foreign research, agricultural supply chain management is one of the important research directions. It also becomes one of the most powerful competitive tools of agricultural production, processing and distribution companies. With the step up of agricultural trade liberalization and globalization, it s more and more complex to product initial agricultural products to end-users management. It s more strict in the safety and quality of agricultural products increasingly. In this situation, how the production and operation companies organize production, meet the need of individuals, reduce logistics costs and be strict in safety and quality of agricultural products requairs to coordinate and solve from the supply chain management formed by agricultural products producers and concumers [1]. Seeing from logistics theories, modern logistics and supply chain management theories have made a very perfect system, but these theories are mostly based on industrial logistics and supply chain management while supply chain management in agricultural products is still not a complete analysis framework. Therefore, this article attempts to improve people s management level and customers satisfaction by putting things networking technology into agricultural supply chain management. 2 The content of agricultural products supply chain management Agricultural products supply chain is a form of organization or network structure formed by agricultural suppliers, agricultural growers, culturists, processors, logistics service distributors and consumers [2]. Overseas, the agricultural supply chain is vividly dubbed as "seed - food" and in China it s often called the "Plough - table." Agricultural production s regional, seasonal, dispersion characteristics is very prominent. At the same time, fresh agricultural products are one of the necessities of life and its consumption elasticity is small. So it has the characteristics of universal consumption and dispersion. Because of many characteristics of agricultural products, agricultural products supply chain has the characteristics such as high asset specificity, large market uncertainty, unbalanced market forces and high logistics requirement [3]. Agricultural supply chain management is a toally new management philosophy and approach. Its core is 279

2 to emphasize using its compositive ideas and concepts to guide corporations administration behavior. That is, to guide the whole supply chain with consumer demand, not a single chain management but regard the entire supply chain as a system to strictly control. Agricultural supply chain management is to plan, coordination and control the whole supply chain of agricultural products between the various participants in the logistics, information flow and capital flow. Through close cooperation between trade partners with the least possible cost to provide customers with the most valuable and best services to increase operating efficiency and economic efficiency of the entire supply chain. Besides this, it can increase all of the trade partners economic efficiency through some of the interest distribution mechanism [4]. Enterprise products pupply chain management major problem in our country is: Do not attach importance to the information platform structures of supply chain management, resulting in information asymmetry, which led to the enlargement of operating costs, management costs, decision costs, procurement costs, transportation costs, packaging costs, production processing costs, marketing costs virtually; disability to integrate social resources and the inadequacy of supply chain management enables the parties involved in gravity associated fracture or less state and cannot form an integrated supply chain organization collaborative operational level; severe shortage of funds, resulting in serious disruption to business development strategy; the lower labor costs caused by illusion preferred human wave tactics, not only increasing the cost but resulting in low levels of supply chain management; the theory of supply chain management is still confined to understanding level and still far from operating freely in the state, so it can not be called the strict sense of supply chain management [5]. 3 General Description of Internet of Things On August 7,2009, Premier Wen Jiabao said in Wuxi research "in the sensor network development, we should plan for the future earlier and break the core technology earlier." He also said " We should accelerate the development of sensor network among national great science and technology items.""we should set up the sensor information center in China as soon as possible, or we call it 'perception of China' center. " Through the Internet of things, anything in the world can be identified tracked and monitored on demand anywhere at any time. Internet of things is considered as another revolution following the Internet after IT industry. 3.1 Concept of Internet of Things The concept of Internet of things was submitted as early as in 1999, which was defined as: "Connect all things with Internet through radio frequency identification and other sensor equipments and realize intelligent identification and management." Internet of things constructs "Internet of Things" covering everything in the world on the basis of the Internet in the computer by using radio frequency identification (RFID, radio frequency identification), wireless data communications technology and one of its core technology is RFID technology. In this network, goods can "exchange" with each other without human intervention. Its essence is using RFID technology to realize automatic identification of objects and the interconnection and sharing of information through the computer Internet while RFID is the technology which can make objects "speak". In the imagination of "Internet of Things", RFID tags store canonical and interoperability information and they can collect the information automatically to a central information system through wireless data communication network. In this way, we achieve recognition of objects and then achieve the management of objects by achieving information exchange and sharing through open computer networks. 3.2 Composition of Internet of Things The typical Internet of Things is composed of three parts, namely RFID systems, middleware systems and Internet systems Savant. RFID system mainly includes RFID tag (tag), reader (reader) and data exchange and management system (processor) software; middleware savant system consists of Savant server, ONS (object naming service) servers, PML (physical markup language ) server and the 280

3 corresponding data server software; Internet system consists of computer systems and network servers,etc. [7]. Shown in Figure 1. P ML R F I D tag R e ad e r S av an t I n tern et NOS NDB Figure 1 Fundamental composition diagram of Internet of Things 3.3 The working principle of Internet of Things RFID reader in Internet of Things system can control radio frequency module to send read signal to tag and receive tag response signal. At the same time the object of electronic tag identification information is decoded, the information related to the object identification tag on the other Information transmitted to the Savant system for processing. Usually their work on the frequency band and the electronic tag are the same. Figure 1 shows in Internet of Things system, the reader receives information from the electronic tag of the carrier and the received signal will be demodulated and decoded. Then it will be sent to the computer information system software for processing by middleware Savant and then sent to the Internet. Next ONS finds out where the object information stores on the Internet and then ONS points out the servant which stores the object related information to the Savant systems and passes the object information in the file. 4 Application of Internet of Things in the agricultural supply chain management 4.1 improve the quality of agricultural products monitoring, strict food safety at source Over the years, food safety problems seriously affect the health of the masses and have attracted nationwide attention. How to effectively track and trace foods has become a very urgent global task. To ensure the quality safety of agricultural products, we need to do a good job from the source.we should establish a set of quality persuing, tracing, backwarding mechanisms and systems to ensure quality and safety of agricultural products. Thus, if agricultural problems appear, particularly the emergence of threatening life and health of consumers on major issues, we can inquire the direct responsible persons and regulatory non-compliance responsibilities. Through the establishment of the whole quality control system and traceability system from the origin to the market and monitoring and supervision in agricultural production area, production process, product testing, packaging boxes, labels and other key segments to enhance the safety awareness of producers and sense of responsibility and effectively protect the quality and safety of agricultural products. Internet of Things will effectively address the issue of quality and safety of agricultural products. Beginning with the production (or even raw 281

4 materials), EPC tags are embedded in products and record the whole process of production and circulation. When consumers shop, they can query the agricultural products from raw material supply, production, processing of food to sales of the entire process and related information as long as the products offered by the seller under the EPC tags so that they decide whether to buy. This completely solve the problem that the commodities information only comes from the sellers. Consumers can get product information on the Internet of things and this kind of information will not be decided by sellers wishes. 4.2 Improving the agricultural supply chain management & building a new platform "triple play" "Triple play" refers to the Internet, Internet of things and agricultural logistics information network, through the construction of these three networks and integration to build a new agricultural supply chain management platform. In the "triple play" of supply chain management platform, the functions of each network are different and the resources they entrusted are not the same. First of all, the Internet, it relies on a totally new technical resource. Through its worldwide replication of construction, it builds a technology platform in the high-speed flow information age. Second, agricultural supply chain includes five parts, namely, raw material supply, processing, circulation and consumption sectors. Through the Internet of Things, enterprises can achieve a kind of each real-time monitoring of agricultural products and manage the logistics system. We can not only monitor agricultural products in the supply chain distribution process and share information but also analyze and forcast the the information in the supply chain of agricultural products. Through forecasting the information which current agricultural products has, we can estimate the trend in future or the probability of accidents then we can take timely remedial measures or warning to raise the level of agricultural supply chain management and strengthen enterprises response ability on the market. Finally, we should make full use of Agricultural Products Logistics Information Network to strengthen backwarding, early warning and information dissemination and gradually establish an integrated management of agricultural products quality safety information platform. To set up a quality and safety of agricultural products traceability system aimed at "production platform for the management of technical documents, product bar code for the transmission of information tools back to products, labels wardback to products for the expressions and market service means for the checking system". Through the establishment of tracing information platform of quality and safety of agricultural products, the query of quality of agricultural products can be progressively realized, quality and safety can be traced back and problem products can be recalled. This is not only a kind of strategy that enterprises make for the new market situation but also the the concept of renewal of agricultural products logistics management s in a context of high technology and the lock of long-term development objectives. 4.3 The development of modern logistics technologies & improvement of quality and safety management With the progress of science and technology, modern agricultural logistics technology of "triple play" must be applied and developed. New and developing web-based logistics technology is the key to realize a smooth logistics of agricultural products a, track their quality level and the subsequent trail. For example, a number of enterprises have developed food supply chain, high-tech tracking system based on the quality and safety of foods. For example, farmers use electronic ear identification and related data collection cards to track foods or agricultural products immunization records, health records and raising records. Besides this, the development of electronic signature picking tickets technology, GIS technology, automatic identification technology and GPS technology play an important role in tracking and protecting quality and safety of agricultural products and foods and can effectively improve the information supply chain situation of low level and gradually build the agricultural supply chain information network management system [6]. Therefore, we must speed up the agricultural supply chain "triple play" building, to support multi-level, multi-objective integrated supply chain management to further reduce supply chain costs and reduce supply chain time. And we must establish a efficient supply 282

5 chain integration system in the supply chain to ensure that agricultural products will continue to flow from the supplier of end-users and raise the whole management level of the entire agricultural supply chain. 5 Conclusion and Discussion Modern agricultural products logistics and efficient supply chain management of agricultural products have become the core means of improving agricultural enterprise competitiveness. Internet of things has gradually manifested its advantages and represents the future direction of agricultural logistics informationization in the supply chain management. However, there is still a gap between current research and practical applications, especially in our country. Because some of the key technology of Internet of things in the application of agricultural supply chain management is still in the training phase, the literature seems to stop at the technology itself and the introductions of application areas. With the development of science and technology, its application will surely promote the integration of supply chain management of agricultural products and will also be an important direction for future research and will contribute to the development of modern agricultural logistics. References [1]. DeJun Liu, Today and Tomorrow. Modern agricultural logistics technology and management [M]. Beijing: China Logistics Publishing House, 2009:53.( In Chinese) [2]. Cold Zhijie. Integrated staple agricultural products supply chain model and its application [M]. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2006:68.( In Chinese) [3]. Jun-min, Zhi Zhu, Fu-Sheng Zeng. Learn from successful experiences abroad to enhance our agricultural supply chain management capabilities [J]..( In Chinese) [4]. Zhu Yihua. Agricultural supply chain logistics integration of empirical research [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2004:18.( In Chinese) [5]. Ouyang Bin. Foreign Agricultural Supply Chain Management Case Study [J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2009, 37 (2).( In Chinese) [6]. SUN Xiao Council, qun, Guo Quanzhou. Agricultural products quality safety management of the supply chain. Value Engineering, 2009 (12):33.( In Chinese) [7]. Lee, such as years of. Networked objects based on RFID technology research [J]. Journal of China Academy of Elecronics and Information Technology, 2009 (6):28..( In Chinese) 283