,,,, ,,, , Kavanaugh 10 % 4. 5 % 5. 8 % W/ (m ), W/ (m ), (m ) [5 ]
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1 17 ( 101 ) (2002) ( ),,, ; ;,, TK124 ;TU A 1 Gu U ( 7 m) [8 ],,,,, [1 3 ] 2,, Kavanaugh [4 ] 10 %, 4. 5 % 5. 8 %, W/ (m ), W/ (m ) ( W/ (m ) W/ (m ) [5 ] ; ( Y99F02) ( ), 1 [6 7 ]
2 ),, ( ),, 1 (1) ( ) ( ) ; (2), ( 0. 1 m 50 m) ; (3) ( 10 h), ( ), 1 ( d l h + 1 ln d 2 (1) 2 k k d 1 ), D ; d 1 d 2 d b ; k p k b k s ; h ; R 0 2,, 1 R 0 = D 1 h k p ln ( D 2 / D 1 ) k b ln ( d b / D 2 ) (2), D, f = N 1, D 2 ( T cal, i - T exp, i ) 2 i = 1 T f = T ff + q l R Ei T cal, i i 4 k s ; Ei ( x) T exp, i i T f ; T ff ; ( ) ; q l ; s N ; f (3) T cal, i [9 ] R 2 0 = ln( d b ) + ln( d d 2 k b d 2 2 D ) + k b - k s d 4 b ln k b + k s d 4 b - D 4 + d 2 b 16 s (3),,
3 5 491,, 3,, ; 4 3 ( ), ( 3 ) 5 5,,, 115 mm, 25 mm 32 4 mm 70 mm W/ (m ), 1. 5 W/ (m ) 46 W/ m, 5 ( 4 ) 6,, 50 h, 0 6 kw Pt100
4 W/ (m ) 60 h,, m, 6, 7 8, [8 ] GU YIAN, O 7 1 [4 12 % 1416 % Kavanaugh ] 5 % 10 m 4 % 8 %, [1 ] SULATISKY M T, GVAN DER KAMP. Ground2source heat pumps in the candian prairies[j ]. ASHRAE Transactions, 1991,97 (1) [2 ] LARRY M, FETTKETHER. Geothermal system meets space heating requirements[j ]. ASHRAE Journal,1992,98 (3) [3 ] CANE R L D, FORGAS D A. Modeling of ground2source heat pump performance[j ]. ASHRAE Transaction, 1991,97(1) [4 ] STEPHEN P, KAVANAUGH. Field tests for ground thermal properi2 ties2methods and impact on ground2source heat pump design [ J ]. ASHRAE Transactions, 1992,98 (2) [ 5 ] BOSE J E. Soil and rock classification for the design of ground2coupled heat pump systems2field manual[ R]. Epri CU , Oklahoma In2 ternational Ground Source Heat Pumps Association, [6 ] YU M Z, FANG Z H. The influence of soil freezing on heat transfer of geothermal heat exchangers [ A ]. CSPE2JSPE2ASME, International Conference on Power Engineering[ C]. Xi an TUP and Springer, [7 ] KAVANAUGH S P, RAFFERTY K. Ground2source heat pumps De2 sign of geothermal systems for commercial and institutional buildings [M]. Atalanta American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air2 Conditioning Engineers, NEAL DENNIS L. Development of an equivalent diame2 terr expression for vertical U2Tube used in ground2coupled heat pumps [J ]. ASHRAE Transactions, 1998,104(2) [9 ] 1 U 1 ( )
5 5 543 (5) Wavelet analysis represents a new tool of mathematical analysis. The use of this numerical calculation method for the transient thermodynamic calculation and analysis of vapor2liquid two2phase flows is of major practical significance. The comparison of the transient calculation results of vapor2liquid two2phase flows by a wavelet numerical method with those of Mini2TRAC calculation method has shown that the wavelet numerical method is fully suited to perform the transient calcu2 lation of coupled differential equations for vapor2liquid two2phase flows. Key words wavelet analysis, numerical calcu2 lation, vapor2liquid two2phase flow = A Method for the On2site Testing of Average Thermo2physical Pa2 rameters of Underground Rock Soil [ ]/ YU Ming2zhi, FANG Zhao2hong (Shandong Architectural Engineering Institute, Jinan, China, Post Code ) / / Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power , 17(5) The magnitude of average thermo2physical parameters exerts a significant influence on the number and depth of holes to be drilled, thus affecting the capital investment outlays for a ground2source heat2pump system. To realize the on2site mea2 surement of the average thermo2physical parameters of underground rock soil, a set of on2site measuring equipment was put into use. With its help measurements were taken of the heat flow an underground embedded pipe loop is subjected to and of the temperature change of the circulating water in the loop with the passage of time. Moreover, a piece of software developed by the authors was utilized to calculate and determine the average thermo2physical parameters of the under2 ground rock soil by using a parameter2evaluation method. Key words geothermal heat exchanger, average thermo2physi2 cal parameter of rock soil, measuring method = The Mean Condensation Temperature of a Multi2pressure Condenser [, ]/ XU Zhi2ming, YANG Shan2rang, LUO Zhen, et al (Northeast Institute of Electric Power Engineering, Jilin, Chi2 na, Post Code ) / / Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power , 17(5) Through a theoretical analysis the authors have derived a relationship for calculating the mean condensation temperature of a multi2pressure condenser, which has taken into account the variation of heat transfer factor with the change of condenser construction scheme and cooling water inlet temperature. Analyzed is the influence of the heat transfer area and the circu2 lation ratio of various stages on the mean condensation temperature. Moreover, with the mean condensation temperature of the multi2pressure condenser serving as a target function an optimized construction of the condenser has been worked out. Key words multi2pressure condenser, condensation temperature, circulation ratio, optimization = Research and Development of a Mathematical Model for the Surface Heater of a Large2sized Thermal Power Plant [ ]/ WANG Jian2mei, LIU Guang2lin, CAI Kai, et al ( Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, Post Code ) / / Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy & Power , 17(5) With a simulation supporting system STAR290 serving as a platform developed is a fairly accurate mathematical model to study a regenerative heating system. The model is capable of not only meeting a given static precision, but also accurately reflecting and reproducing the major features of various operating conditions of a specific regenerative heating system. Furthermore, it is also feasible to employ the above mathematical model for the research of certain dynamic characteristics of heaters. Key words heater, mathematical model, dynamic characteristics, regenerative heating system
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