Biomass Towm Concept Pilot Project: in Thailand (Loei. & Nongkhai Province)

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1 Biomass Towm Concept Pilot Project: in Thailand (Loei & Nongkhai Province) Ministry of Agriculture Cooperation, Thailand Ministry of Agriculture Forest and Fishery, Japan

2 The Problems Diagnosis Farmers - Low income - low productive area, - high input, - unstable & low price Government (National) - High energy consumption - 100% Fossil fuel importing - few hydro plant, - few gasifier (lack of biomass) - Green house gas emission

3 Needs Diagnosis Farmers - Alternating new crops, with - higher productiveness, - low to medium input, - stable price - Higher income - Based on sufficient Government (National Plans) - Energy strategies - 10% reduce fossil fuel by using bio-energy (bio-ethanol, bio-diesel) - renewable energy - Green town concept - CDM project economic

4 Needs Scenario Farmer needs Pilot Model (DOA) National Strategies (MOE) (MOAC) International Strategies (Japanese Biomass Town Concept)

5 The key issues facing the Biomass Town Concepts: Zero Waste - Re-structure -Re-use - Recycle Carbon Reduction - Reduce GHC Emission - Utilization - Renewable energy Sustainable Agriculture - New Theory (Environmental friendly) - Self Sufficient Economic - Help-self

6 Biomass Town Concept Image in Na Duang District, Loei Farm land Oil palm (750ha) Corn (23,700ha) Corn Process Palm crushing mill Refinery Residue(7,000t/y) Animal feed Plant (fermentation) Corn Dry Corn cob Yard Corn cob Biomass BDF (1,500t/y) Palm oil (3,000t/y) Animal feed GHG emission reduction Local use for vehicle Domestic use/ power plant / other area Cassava (4,400ha) Root Cassava Dry Yard Stem Community Composting Facility Organic fertiliser (??t/y) Fertilizer Rice (2,500ha) Pig farm Farmers own consumption Centralized Rice straw Paddy Rice Mill Rice husk /bran Biogas plant (liquid fertilizer) DOA Analysis on application method GHG emission reduction Liquid fertiliser GHG emission reduction/ Cost saving of households Biogas Local use for household Farm land (3 5ha) House hold Organic fertilizer Cost saving of farmers/ Sustainable farming Biomass(Waste) Human waste digester Garbage Animal waste ( t/hh/d) Home composting Existing facility Chickens ( kg/head/d) Cows ( kg/head/d) Pigs ( kg/head/d) Oil for kitchen Use ( kg/hh/d) GHG emission reduction New facilities to be installed

7 The Main Concepts Biomass Town Concept in Thailand 1. Restructure for Agricultural System; - Change from paddy field (low productive area) to oil palm - Based on The King s New Agriculture Theory 2. Biomass Management and Utilization 3. Revolving Fund and Educating

8 The Pilot Model Concept Four steps from Japanese Biomass Town Concept 1. Educating farmers & local government 2. Project setup and management 3. Local Premium Market management 4. Agro-tourism, to present about: - Biomass town concept - Impact to environment - high QC products producing unit

9 Educating Farmers & Local Gov. 1. Farmer groups setting (How, what activities etc) - oil palm planting group - Cattle groups (with local government) - Organic crops 2. CDM concepts (with local government) - Biomass town concept (Green town concept) - Renewable energy concept 3. Crop production training - oil palm seedling nursery management - field management for plantations - farm account

10 Project Setup Why oil palm will use as alternative crops??? -high oil production per area (>2.5 tons CPO / ha) - less workers - medium input - good price Is it suitable for NE Thailand????????? - can grow only between 10 o N-10 o S?????? - low relative humidity in NE, it can be fruiting - long drought period, oil palm need water > 200 mm/day

11 Project Setup How to start????? - Soil survey and land evaluation technique were applied; (follows FAO Guide line) - Suitable area for oil palm was characterized by; - low productive area for paddy and field crop, - coarse texture top soil, - high ground water table, < 1 m from surface - To find out the answer

12 Nongkhai (2.70) Kanchanaburi (2.85) Malaysia (3,20) Indonesia (2.91) Mexico (2.53) Dominikan (2.45) Honduras (4.04) 30 o N 15 o 10 o N 0 o 10 o N 15 o S (.) Average Production (ton.rai -1.year -1 ) 30 o S Traditional area for Oil palm FAO,

13 1 Unit 60,000 rai

14 P4 P9 P8 P7 P6 P5 P3 P1 P10 PSG10 Regulator P4 P9 P8 P7 P6 P5 P3 P1 P10 PSG10 Regulator

15 P9 P8 P7 P6 P3 P5 P1 Regulator P10 PSG10 P4

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17 Land Suitability for Oil Palm Production in Thabor, Nongkhai Province Expected Yield (ton/rai rai) Irrigation Area (rais) Rainfed Area (rais) Unit 6.25 rais = 1 ha Total Area (rais) > ,439 81,155 96, ,924 59, , ,694 75,867 91,561 Total 74, , ,622

18 Project Targets - Oil palm new plantation will establish > 5,000 rais (within 40 km) - Central cattle farm for biogas producing system - DOA supported knowledge and seedling -DOA DOA designed the Crushing Mill Model for 5 t/hr, by product from the processing unit are; - Fiber (after oil extracting ) - Organic Fertilizer Producing unit (cow dung & EFB) - Liquid fertilizer (from biogas unit) 10

19 Project Management Project Evaluation - Crop inspector every 2 month - Meeting and Educating - Renewable energy knowledge - Oil Palm Plantation Management - Nursery Management - Planting - Pest control - Farming account 11

20 Pilot Model Organic F.> 400 tons/year Oil Palm Farmer Groups Center Cattle Farm Cows > 400 Biogas (CH 4 ) Existing 2,000 rais Crushing Mill 5-10 tons/hr FFB 50 tons/day CPO 8.1 tons Fiber 6.8 tons EFB 9.9 tons 2009 (new) 3,000 rais FFB 2.50 baht/kg

21 Pilot Model for an area of 5,000 rais CH 4 emission Modern Centralized Farm Ideal Model Bio-gas unit

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23 Expected Income for Farmers

24 Estimated Farmer Income 1. Palm Production - Start Fruiting 3 rd Year -Peak 6 th Year (after planting) - Crop cycle > 25 years 2. Organic farming Promotion - Field crops Baby corn, sweet corn, soybean etc. - Vegetable crops Mokara, Asparagus, long bean, chilly tomato, cucumber etc

25 Expected Yield/Yearly Income FFB S E NE Average - Avg yrs (ton/rai) 3,624 3,270 2,943 3,279 Farmer income (baht/rai) 5,189 4,369 3,402 4,320 FFB Quarantine Price, 2.5 baht/kg

26 DOA Plan for R&D 1. Drought tolerant oil palm clone - new breeding program - surveying for the good adaptation oil palm tree in NE - with the expert (work together with Malaysian team) between 31 August-4September - selected plant will collect the FFB to prepare for germinated seedling (in Suratthani Oil Palm Research) in September May Pre-nursery and main nursery in Khon Kahen RC (June 2010-April 2011)

27 DOA Plan for R&D 2. - new breeding program - surveying for the good adaptation oil palm tree in NE - with the expert (work together with Malaysian team) between 31 August-4September - selected plant will collect the FFB to prepare for germinated seedling (in Suratthani Oil Palm Research) in September May Pre-nursery and main nursery in Khon Kahen RC (June 2010-April 2011)

28 Technologies need for Supporting 1. CDM Project Assist - biomass calculation models - Carbon life cycle model - PDD consultant - EIA consultant 2. Bio-gas utilization eg: - gas filtering technique - gas compression technique - gas storage unit

29 Technologies Need for Supporting 3. Technology development - exchange researcher - short course for training - co-researcher -consultant

30 Farmer need for Supporting 1. Revolving Fund - Oil Palm Seedling Nursery - Crushing Factory (Decomposing unit, Feed stock unit) - Training and visiting 2. Knowledge - Renewable energy (What and How to utilize) -CDM

31 Some Activities In December, 2010 Supporting by MAFF, Japan

32 It will be only the Dream Or It can be Done

33 Thank You for Your Attentions