Monday 12 March 2007 Morning Time: 20 minutes. Multiple Choice Answer Sheet HB pencil, eraser and calculator

Transcription

1 Surname Initial(s) Signature Paper Reference(s) 5010 Edexcel GSE Science Physics P1b Topic 11: Now You See it, Now You on t Topic 12: Space and its Mysteries Foundation and Higher Tiers Monday 12 March 2007 Morning Time: 20 minutes Materials required for examination Multiple hoice nswer Sheet H pencil, eraser and calculator Items included with question papers Nil Instructions to andidates Use an H pencil. o not open this booklet until you are told to do so. Mark your answers on the separate answer sheet. Foundation tier candidates: answer questions Higher tier candidates: answer questions ll candidates are to answer questions efore the test begins: heck that the answer sheet is for the correct test and that it contains your candidate details. How to answer the test: For each question, choose the right answer,,, or and mark it in H pencil on the answer sheet. For example, the answer would be marked as shown. Mark only one answer for each question. If you change your mind about an answer, rub out the first mark thoroughly, then mark your new answer. o any necessary calculations and rough work in this booklet. You may use a calculator if you wish. You must not take this booklet or the answer sheet out of the examination room. Printer s Log. No. N29045 W850/R1535/ /7/2/2/20,000 *N29045* Turn over This publication may be reproduced only in accordance with Edexcel Limited copyright policy Edexcel Limited.

2 Questions 1 to 16 must be answered by Foundation tier candidates only. Higher tier candidates start at question 17. Using radiation Kendal and Robyn visited a local hospital to find out how some medical equipment was used to help patients. Kendal saw a scanner used to check the development of a foetus. 1. The type of waves emitted by the scanner were infrared ultraviolet ultrasound microwaves 2. n image of the foetus is seen because the waves from the scanner are reflected by the foetus absorbed by the foetus transmitted by the foetus refracted by the foetus 3. Robyn asked why they didn t use X-rays to scan the foetus. Which of these is a reason? X-rays only show broken bones X-rays would pass straight through X-rays can harm the foetus X-rays would display the mother s bones Use this information to answer questions 4 and 5. Kendal and Robyn saw a machine where radiation is used for treating cancer. 4. radiation used for treating cancer is microwave infrared ultraviolet gamma 5. This radiation treats the cancer by internal heating of body tissue mutating cells in the body producing antibodies destroying unwanted cells in the body N

3 Mobile phones John was investigating mobile phones for a science project. not to scale 6. The radiation used between mobile phones and mobile phone masts is microwave thermal sound light 7. Which of these sends out most microwave energy? a mobile phone sending a text message a mobile phone receiving a text message a mobile phone mast receiving a text message a mobile phone mast sending a text message 8. Some people are concerned about the possible dangers of mobile phones and mobile phone masts. Their main worry is that the radiation might cause global warming cause a health risk damage communication systems damage plant growth N Turn over

4 9. Telephone technology uses digital signals. Which of these is a digital signal? voltage 0 time voltage 0 time voltage 0 time voltage 0 time Life on Mars Scientists and authors have often talked about the possibility of life on other planets. These questions are about space and its exploration. 10. The Sun and its planets are the main parts of the Source: Solar System Earth galaxy Milky Way Universe system 11. star is formed from a white dwarf a nebula a planet a black dwarf 12. steroids are sometimes mentioned in the news because they are alien spaceships their long tails light up the night sky they contain rare elements their orbits can cross the Earth s orbit N

5 13. The table shows approximate travel times from Mars to three destinations. to reach the Earth to reach the Sun to reach a star travel time for a radio signal from Mars travel time for a space probe from Mars 4 minutes 12 minutes 4 years 6 months 18 months X Which of these will be correct for X? 6 years 60 years thousands of years space probes cannot leave our solar system 14. stronauts muscles can weaken during a 6-month spaceflight to Mars. One way to prevent this is to drink plenty of fluids to use an exercise machine to rest for 12 hours every day to take calcium tablets 15. Which row of the table best describes conditions in interplanetary space? gravitational field strength (N/kg) pressure (Pa) 10 10, , Robot landers have gathered information from Mars. Which evidence would support the claim that there may have been life on Mars? The temperature on Mars is very low The atmosphere on Mars is mainly carbon dioxide Photographs show that there may have been active volcanoes on Mars Photographs of rocks show that there may have been water on Mars N Turn over

6 Higher tier candidates start at question 17 and answer questions 17 to 40. Questions 17 to 24 must be answered by all candidates: Foundation tier and Higher tier. journey to Mars spacecraft leaves on a journey from Earth to Mars. 17. The rocket is launched and accelerates through the Earth s atmosphere. uring this part of its flight its weight is decreasing its weight is zero its weight is equal to the thrust from the rocket engines its weight is increasing 18. The spacecraft leaves Earth and travels towards Mars. uring part of this journey the people in the spacecraft are weightless. This is because their mass is zero their mass is equal to their weight their weight is zero their mass and their weight are both zero N

7 19. Near Mars, the rocket engine slows the spacecraft with a force of N. There is a force on the rocket from the gases. There is a force on the gases from the rocket. Which of these shows both forces correctly? force on rocket = N force on gases =0N force on rocket = N force on gases = N force on rocket = N force on gases = N force on rocket =0N force on gases = N N Turn over

8 20. The astronauts in the spacecraft discuss the probability of an asteroid striking the Earth or their spacecraft. Our spacecraft is less likely to be hit because it is further from the Sun than the Earth. Our spacecraft is more likely to be hit because it is travelling slower than the Earth. lice ob Our spacecraft is less likely to be hit because it is much smaller than the Earth. Our spacecraft is more likely to be hit because it is made out of metal. arol avid Who is correct? lice ob arol avid hris and Humza went to a science museum. They saw an exhibition about waves. Riding along on the crest of a wave Use the following information to answer questions 21 and 22. 6cm 3cm 0cm 3 cm 6 cm 4cm 8cm 12 cm 16 cm 20 cm 21. The amplitude of the wave is 4 cm 6 cm 8 cm 12 cm 22. The wavelength of the wave is 4 cm 6 cm 8 cm 20 cm N

9 Use the information below to answer questions 23 and 24. hris and Humza see this diagram. It shows some parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. radio waves microwaves infrared waves P ultraviolet waves 23. The radiation in part P is X-rays gamma rays visible light ultrasound 24. In the diagram, the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum have been arranged in order, from left to right, of increasing frequency increasing wavelength increasing amplitude increasing speed TOTL FOR FOUNTION TIER PPER: 24 MRKS Foundation tier candidates do not answer any more questions after question 24. N Turn over

10 Questions 25 to 40 must be answered by Higher tier candidates only. Foundation tier candidates do not answer questions 25 to 40. Rain, rain, rain Emma and Rémi visited the Met Office website to find out about weather measurements. They learnt that different frequencies of microwaves are used to study rain. Use this information to answer questions 25 and 26. Some radar waves are transmitted from a Met Office weather station towards a rain storm. 25. reflection is received s later. The radar waves travel at km/s. How far away is the rain storm? 15 km 30 km 150 km 300 km 26. The rain storm is moving towards the weather station. uring the next hour the time of travel for a reflected pulse to return to the transmitter increases decreases stays the same cannot be measured 27. Rémi finds that his mobile phone does not work in heavy rain. This is because microwave radiation is slowed down by the water strongly absorbed by water speeded up by the water weakly absorbed by water 28. Predictions about the weather are much more reliable today than 50 years ago. Which of these is not a reason for improved reliability? use of computerised weather maps on television use of information from satellites larger and faster computers faster transfer of information N

11 Out of this world 29. Paul and arren were visiting a space museum. Paul was explaining to arren about the relative size of things. Which of these statements is correct? The distance from the Sun to Pluto is much smaller than the distance from Earth to our nearest galaxy The distance from the Earth to the Sun is smaller than the distance from Earth to the Moon The Moon is much larger than Venus The Earth is much larger than Saturn 30. Paul and arren were discussing the probability that there is intelligent life on other planets. Which of these has not been used to search for intelligent life? radio telescopes space probes testing soil with landers astronauts landing on other planets 31. For a star about the same size as our Sun, which row of the table gives the best conditions for finding life on one of its planets? type of star position of planet in solar system main sequence inner planet white dwarf outer planet white dwarf inner planet main sequence outer planet 32. Galaxies that show the most red shift are moving towards Earth at high speed stationary relative to the Earth moving towards Earth at low speed moving away from the Earth at high speed N Turn over

12 33. The graph shows the relationship between mass and weight on planets X and Y. 700 weight in N X Y mass in kg Which statement is correct for gravity on the two planets? Gravitational field strength rises twice as fast on planet X compared to planet Y Gravitational field strength increases steadily on both planets Gravitational field strength on planet X is about twice that on planet Y Gravitational field strength on planet Y is about twice that on planet X 34. The force of gravity is strongest near a nebula a protostar a red giant a neutron star 35. weight = mass acceleration of free fall weight = mg acceleration of free fall, g = 10 N/kg force = mass acceleration spacecraft is about to take off from the Earth. It has a mass of kg and the thrust from its engines is N. What is the acceleration of the spacecraft as it takes off? 0.08 m/s m/s m/s m/s 2 N

13 Use this information to answer questions 36 and earthquake at X in entral merica X Y Z only P waves detected at Z 2 P and S waves detected at Y Wherever a seismometer is placed in the region between the lines labelled 1 1 and 2 2, it is likely to detect no waves from X only P waves from X only S waves from X both P and S waves from X 37. Which row of the table is a correct reason why S waves do not reach Z. S waves cannot pass through because S waves are the molten inner core of the Earth transverse the molten inner core of the Earth longitudinal the molten outer core of the Earth transverse the molten outer core of the Earth longitudinal N Turn over

14 Use this information to answer questions 38, 39 and 40. This graph shows approximate speeds of seismic waves at various depths down to the centre of the Earth. 0 depth in km S wave P wave seismic wave speed in km/s 38. This graph shows that the speed of a P wave suddenly decreases at a depth of about 3000 km. The most likely reason for this is scientific instruments do not work well at this depth the waves pass through a huge underground lake the density of the rock suddenly changes it is an anomalous result 39. P wave travels from one side of the inner core of the Earth to the other side, passing through the centre. This will take about 100 s 200 s 280 s 560 s N

15 40. The frequency of the P wave is 2 Hz. What is its wavelength at the centre of the Earth? 0.16 m 6 m 3185 m 6000 m TOTL FOR HIGHER TIER PPER: 24 MRKS EN N

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