Indonesia Country Report on GEOSS-related Activities. Orbita Roswintiarti LAPAN

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1 Indonesia Country Report on GEOSS-related Activities Orbita Roswintiarti LAPAN Presented at the 7th GEOSS Asia-Pacific Symposium Benefits for Society from GEOSS Evolution Toward Addressing Sustainable Development Goals Tokyo, Japan, May 2014

2 Background Indonesia has participated in the Global Earth Observation System of Systems Asia-Pacific (GEOSS AP) activities to address water and landrelated observation issues. Data sharing and access; knowledge transfer and experience exchange; and user requirements for decision making have become the prioritiy targets in each Working Group (WG) activity. This country report presents a brief progress on the Asia Water Cycle Initiative (ACWI), the Asia- Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (AP-BON) WG, the Global Forest Observation Initiative (GFOI) WG, and the Agriculture and Food Security (GEO GLAM) WG.

3 Asian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI) Develop the international network/cooperation: Climate Change Assessment : Flood, Drought, Water Quality/Allocation. Data Sharing and Capacity Building/Improvement : Data Base and Method of Analysis Joint Program : W/S, Conference, Research and Training Current Activity : Citarum River Basin as The most Important River Basin in Indonesia Outcome : Updating River Management and Curriculum in Water Resources Engineering Involve the national stakeholders: Current : ITB, BBWSC/PU, LAPAN, PUSAIR, BAPPENAS, JT2 (Jatiluhur), DGHE, KEMENKO Near Future : Private Sector (Geothermal), BPLHD, NGO/Local (Citarum) People, Local Govt (Province and regency) Future program: Develop the action plan related to river management improvement

4 Ekstrim 3 Sangat 2 Agak 1 Sedikit 0. 5 Awal 0 Mendekati - 2 Awal - 3 Sedikit - 5 Agak - 6 Sangat - 7 Ekstrim Asian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI) Previous results Nanjung Station Upper Citarum River Basin decrease increase increase decrease Trend of average rainfall and discharge in last decade: Increasing in wet season and decreasing in dry season SPI 3-month (1997) PDSI (1997) Basah Extremely wet Basah Very Basah wet Basah Moderately wet Selang Basah Near normal Normal Selang Kering Moderately dry Kering Severely Kering dry Kering Extremely dry Kering Comparation study of drought assessment reliability between SPI and PDSI methods in 1997

5 Ekstrim 3 Sangat 2 Agak 1 Sedikit 0. 5 Awal 0 Mendekati - 2 Awal - 3 Sedikit - 5 Agak - 6 Sangat - 7 Ekstrim Asian Water Cycle Initiative (AWCI) Analysis of meteorological and hydrological drought in the Citarum River Basin This study presents an analysis of spatial and temporal of droughts from the aspect of meteorological and hydrological in the Citarum River Basin. Correlation between parameters of meteorological and hydrological is evaluated to describe the magnitude of the drought event in terms of duration, severity, and extent of affected area. Extremely Basah wet Basah Very Basah wet Basah Moderately wet Selang Basah Near normal Normal Selang Kering Moderately Kering dry Kering Severely dry Kering Extremely Kering dry SPI 3-month (1997) PDSI (1997)

6 Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (AP-BON) Activities: Collaboration between Kyushu University, Japan Ministry of Environment, and RC Biology of Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). Period: Focus: on terrestrial plant species monitoring. Areas: in some protected forests in Java, Sumatera, Kalimantan and Sulawesi. Progress results: Capacity building Plant collections Joint publication

7 Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (AP-BON) Curve species-area: Species richness at forest ecosystem (Kartawinata, 2005) : Samboja, Kalimantan Timur No. of species : Malinau,Kalimantan Timur 182: Batang Gadis, Sumatra Utara 104: G. Gede, Jawa Barat 87: Lore Lindu, Sulawesi Utara 71: G.Halimun, Jawa Barat 72: P. Wanoni, Sulawesi Tenggara Area (Ha)

8 Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (AP-BON) Plant Species Richness/500m 2 vs Altitude in some countries in Asia (Yahara et al., 2012)

9 Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (AP-BON) Deforestation: Habitat loss in Java island ecoregion

10 Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (AP-BON) Deforestation: Habitat loss in Sumatera island ecoregion

11 Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Observation Network (AP-BON) Deforestation: Habitat loss in Kalimantan ecoregion

12 Global Forest Observation Initiative (GFOI) towards long-term carbon management In the G20 summit (Pittsburgh, September 2009), Indonesia committed 26% emission reduction or 41% reduction with the international supports in Indonesia s National Carbon Accounting System (INCAS) was commenced in 2009 under the Indonesia-Australia Forest Carbon Partnership (IAFCP). The program consists of two major technical components: remote sensing component and biomass component. The remote sensing component provides spatially detailed monitoring for the whole country of changes in forest area over time using satellite remote sensing imagery.

13 Global Forest Observation Initiative (GFOI) towards long-term carbon management A question we are often asked is can we really get enough optical imagery so that there are not too many cloud gaps? Number of years with input forest probabilities present:

14 Global Forest Observation Initiative (GFOI) towards long-term carbon management Forest cover loss and gain ( )

15 Global Forest Observation Initiative (GFOI) towards long-term carbon management Use of SAR data is still under research and development Location: Jambi, South Sumatera (ALOS Palsar, 2010) Kyoto and Carbon Initiative Phase 3 (K&C-3)

16 Agriculture and Food Security (GEO GLAM) GEO GLAM Phase 1A: June 2013 Nov 2014 Aim: to develop rice crop area estimation. Technical/Implementation Agencies: National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN): the technical supporter and optical remote sensing data provider Bogor Agriculture University (IPB): technical supporter Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) and Statistics Indonesia: user agencies Demonstrator site: Subang, West Java.

17 Agriculture and Food Security (GEO GLAM) Asia Rice Crop Estimation (Asia RiCE) and Monitoring: Paddy growth phase, agricultural drought, and potential of flood monitoring (source: 8-day MODIS data). SAR data utilization (research and development): Radarsat-2 data from SOAR-JECAM Project-CSA: Total of 14 data received (August 2013 April 2014). Under data processing. Ground survey conducted by MoA. TerraSAR-X data from DLR: Total of 14 data selected ( ). Proposed data from the new acquisition.

18 Agriculture and Food Security (GEO GLAM) Asia Rice Crop Estimation (Asia RiCE) and Monitoring: Monthly teleconference are conducted among WG members. Under SAFE Project: Operational drought monitoring completed Crop Monitoring ongoing Capacity Building: Training on SAR data processing for Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), Bogor University of Agriculture (IPB), and LAPAN will be conducted in June JAXA is planned to conduct training on SAR data processing for MoA, IPB, and LAPAN in August 2014.

19 Agriculture and Food Security (GEO GLAM)

20 Agriculture and Food Security (GEO GLAM)

21 Agriculture and Food Security (GEO GLAM)

22 Closing remarks Activities in each GEOS AP Working Group have always been a valuable learning process for Indonesia to address the need of stakeholders/users. Some activities have even been in the stage of the operational activities. Connection through data access, knowledge transfer, experience sharing, and the commitment hopefully could address the need to enhance the integration of sustainable development in the activities, particularly within the Asia-Pacific countries.

23 Acknowledegments We wish to thank Dr. M. Syahril Badri Kusuma (ITB), Dr. Lilik Budi Prasetyo (IPB), Dr. Dedi Darnaedi (LIPI), INCAS LLA team (LAPAN and CSIRO), Agus Hidayat (LAPAN), Dr. Rizatus Shofiati (MoA), and Parwati Sofan (LAPAN) for their valuable contribution.

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