The Triumph and Collapse of Jeffersonian Republicanism The Triumph and Collapse of Jeffersonian Republicanism

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1 The Triumph and Collapse of Jeffersonian Republicanism Jefferson s Presidency Why was the expansion of the United States so important to Jefferson? Madison and the Coming of War What factors pushed Madison into a war with Britain? The War of 1812 What were the consequences of the War of 1812? The Triumph and Collapse of Jeffersonian Republicanism The Era of Good Feelings How did rising nationalism contribute to the spirit of the Era of Good Feelings? The Breakdown of Unity Why did slavery become such a divisive issue in the years preceding the Missouri Compromise? The New Republic: The Louisiana Purchase and Lewis and Clark The War of 1812 The Era of Good Feelings Jefferson s Presidency Reform at Home The Louisiana Purchase Florida and Western Schemes Embargo and a Crippled Presidency Reform at Home Jefferson a committed Republican Tried to shrink the national government Midnight judges removed 1

2 Midnight judges removed Marbury v. Madison established judicial review 7 8 The Louisiana Purchase Napoleon had purchased Louisiana from Spain in Napoleon decided to sell it to the United States France defeated in Haiti Florida and Western Schemes Spain unwilling to sell Florida Aaron Burr and the Essex Junto Vague conspiracy to seize western lands Burr tried for treason in 1807 Embargo and a Crippled Presidency Impressment caused tension with Britain European war opened opportunities for American merchants Cheseapeake incident U.S. frigate refused to be boarded Embargo Act of 1807 Jefferson attempted to force Britain and France to raise restrictions on neutral shipping Embargo only harmed U.S. merchants Madison and the Coming of War The Failure of Economic Sanctions The Frontier and Indian Resistance Decision for War The Failure of Economic Sanctions Nonintercourse Act Passed under Jefferson United States could trade with any nation except Britain and France 2

3 United States could trade with any nation except Britain and France Repealed in 1810 Macon s Bill No.2 If Britain or France would lift trade restrictions, the United States would impose sanctions on the other Failed 15 The Frontier and Indian Resistance Migration increased Indian resistance Pan-Indian resistance movement Categorical opposition to white migration Tenkswatawa and Tecumseh William Henry Harrison Governor of Indiana Territory Battle of Tippecanoe 1811 War Hawks Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun Decision for War Issues British restrictions on U.S. trade Impressment Congress divided on vote for war New England against South and West for Republicans for The War of 1812 Setbacks in Canada Western Victories and British Offensives The Treaty of Ghent and the Battle of New Orleans Setbacks in Canada War of 1812 divided nation 3

4 War of 1812 divided nation Canada assumed to support United States Also a close British target But Canada fought back and the United States was defeated Election of 1812 narrow victory for Madison Western Victories and British Offensives Lake Erie British fleet defeated at Battle of Put-in-Bay Napoleon forced to abdicate April 1814 Britain could then concentrate on North America Washington, DC, attacked and burned Battle of Plattsburgh Lake Champlain British fleet defeated The Treaty of Ghent and the Battle of New Orleans Treaty of Ghent December 24, 1814 Status quo existed before the war British sent reinforcements to take New Orleans Battle of New Orleans January 1815 Andrew Jackson American victory Explore the War of 1812 on MyHistoryLab The Era of Good Feelings Economic Nationalism Judicial Nationalism Toward a Continental Empire The Era of Good Feelings Period of optimism and general harmony Era of Good Feelings Republican dominance 4

5 Republican dominance Economic Nationalism Second Bank of the United States Chartered 1816 Tariff of 1816 Protective tariff to encourage manufacturing Internal improvements bill rejected Judicial Nationalism John Marshall, Chief Justice Contract law Fletcher v. Peck Dartmouth College v. Woodward Federal sovereignty McCulloch v. Maryland Constitutionality of national bank upheld 28 Toward a Continental Empire John Quincy Adams Exploited complementary British and U.S. needs Rush-Bagot Agreement 1817 Use of Great Lakes Anglo-American Accords 1818 Trans-Continental Treaty of 1819 Spain ceded territory Adams issued new statement: Monroe Doctrine The Breakdown of Unity The Panic of 1819 The Missouri Compromise The Election of 1824 The Panic of

6 Easy credit led to speculation in western lands Cotton prices fell Led to Panic of 1819 Bank stopped loans and called in debts U.S. Bank associated with economic distress South blamed Tariff of The Missouri Compromise Demand for cotton Increase of cotton production Should Missouri be free or slave? Missouri Compromise Postponed final decision on slavery South increasingly isolated The Election of 1824 Republicans dominated election of 1820 Monroe reelected Four Republicans ran in 1824 Henry Clay offered American System Vote decided in House of Representatives John Quincy Adams chosen Andrew Jackson claimed a corrupt bargain had been made Conclusion In 1800, the Republicans were just testing their power while the Federalists were in decline. The Republicans became empire builders and paved the way for the nation to evolve as a democratic republic. The Republican Party split in the 1920s, as a result of growing regional divisions and of the Panic of