SURGICAL INSTRUMENT CARE AND CLEANING
|
|
- Alan Hunter
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 SURGICAL INSTRUMENT CARE AND CLEANING High quality surgical instruments are typically made from surgical grade stainless steel (i.e. 410, 420 etc.). The grade varies by manufacturer and by type of instrument. For example, a scissor may be fabricated of 420 stainless steel to enable the blades to be hardened adequately for long life. A forceps on the other hand usually does not require the same hardness, and may be fabricated from a 410 grade. Malleable retractors are made of yet another grade. The grade of stainless steel chosen is critical for long serviceability because the grade of the steel not only reflects its hardness, but its resistance to corrosion as well. Unfortunately, there is an inverse relationship, that is, the more the steel can be hardened, the greater its susceptibility to corrosion. In an effort to reduce corrosion problems, Weck specially treats (passivates) its instruments to make the surface less chemically active with its environment. The special Weck high gloss finish reduces the number of pits and crevices on the surface of the instrument, in turn reducing the number of sites where corrosion can occur. These steps are necessary due to the environment, which is very harsh as a consequence of the composition of blood and other fluids, the chemicals used to clean and disinfect the instruments, and finally the methods used to sterilize them. Use Use instruments for their intended purpose only. Cleaning Instruments should be thoroughly cleaned with cleaners such as: Wec-Kleen, Weck Liquid Detergent, Weck Instrument Cleaner or Wec-Wash as soon as possible after use. Once blood or other foreign matter has dried, removal is very difficult. If left in place these contaminants can provide sites for corrosion to begin. Distilled water (ph near 7) is recommended for soaking and cleaning instruments. If cleaning manually, avoid use of wire brushes or abrasive powders as these can create sites for corrosion. An ultrasonic cleaner is recommended. Care After a thorough cleaning, instruments with moving parts should be lubricated using a product such as Weck-Lube or Wec-Kreem to keep surfaces lubricated. It is important to use water soluble lubricating agents only. Sterilization The use of repeated flash cycles is damaging to instruments, therefore a standard steam cycle is preferred. Instruments should be arranged in an open position and instruments fabricated from different metals should be separated to avoid electrochemical reactions. Refer to the sterilizer manufacturer s instructions and AORN guidelines for proper sterilization techniques. Maintenance Routine inspection for damaged tips, jaw alignment, loose box locks, and worn or damaged ratchets can identify problems. If caught early these problems can often be repaired at a much lower cost than the replacement price of an instrument which has become damaged beyond repair. Your Weck sales representative will be happy to show you our quality care and cleaning products, set up an instrument inspection program, and review our extensive repair capabilities. Phone Toll Free: Fax:
2 FIBEROPTIC CABLE CARE By following the simple guidelines below, you can extend the life of your fiberoptic cables from Pilling Weck. The fibers in the cables are made of glass, which breaks under stress. Therefore, avoid stretching your cable, twisting it into sharp angles, or using sharp or pointed objects on or near the cable. Fiber breakage over 30% can substantially reduce light output and the cables should be replaced. For maximum comfort and maneuverability, use the gown clips to secure the headlamp cable to the surgeon s gown. Do not alter your cable s original design of fabrication. The bundle size has been matched to the instrument aperture for maximum light output. NOTE: A larger aperture cable will not increase light output of a smaller aperture instrument. Any cuts or punctures can make the cable unsafe. It should be taken out of service immediately. Cleaning Use a soft-bristle brush with mild soap in lukewarm water to remove debris. Rinse thoroughly, first in warm tap water, then in distilled water. Synthetic detergents or oil-based soaps can be absorbed into the cable. If these substances leak out of the cable during a procedure, they will likely cause tissue damage. Disinfection Cables may be soaked briefly in disinfecting solutions, for maximum of 10 minutes. It is recommended, however, that the solution manufacturer s instructions and time limits be consulted. Sterilization The following sterilizer types are recommended for use with your cables: STANDARD GRAVITY (STEAM) HIGH-SPEED INSTRUMENT (FLASH) ETHYLENE OXIDE (ETO) STERIS To avoid contact with sharp or pointed objects during sterilization and storage, use our special sterilization trays. Make sure your autoclave is working properly and that specific instructions and exposure periods are followed. The small bubbles that may appear in the tubing during steam autoclaving will not harm the cable and will eventually dissipate. After sterilizing, allow the cable to cool slowly at room temperature. Rinsing in cold water will cause fiber breakage and a reduction of light output. 362 Phone Toll Free: Fax:
3 Troubleshooting, otherwise referred to by some of us as fire fighting, hoping to lead to fire prevention in the care and handling of surgical instrumentation. The most common problems with instruments are discoloration, pitting, staining, spotting or actual rusting. In the event of chrome instrumentation it is literally the cracking, fissures, and popping off of segments of the chrome finish. In any of the above instances it leads to a short life of surgical instrumentation. It is necessary to endeavor to find the cause and the cure for the problem. What we at Pilling Weck hope to do in this chapter is to help you identify some of the problems its cause and solution for the problem. Light Colored Spotting Cause: Spotting literally can come from water droplets, residuals of mineral deposits within the water (sodium, calcium, magnesium) drying onto the surface of the instrument. Solution: If it is happening after the washersterilizer, it could be the final rinse cycle needs adjusting. Follow the autoclave manufacturer s instructions if it happens after a sterilization cycle, it may need filtration on the stream line, and you do not see it after the washer-sterilizer cycle. If it is hand washing, one needs to look at making the final rinse in distilled water or reverse osmosis if that is not already being done. Dark Colored Spotting Cause: Again, could be from the water, or the cleaning, disinfecting, rinsing process. Not having the correct measurement of solutions could also be a cause. Solution: Prepare all solutions for cleaning, rinsing and disinfecting correctly using distilled or demineralized water as the final rinse, free of chloride with a ph value as close to 7.0 as possible. Rust Colored Film Cause: Water softeners, dust or a dust-like film under certain conditions, if there has been hospital construction where debris from piping has been left on the inside of the steam pipes during installation of new lines, tampering with the lines can virtually leave a residual. This should be alleviated after a while. If the area in the country the facility is located in has a tendency to have a high iron compound within the water, the iron is likely to be deposited on the instrumentation. Solution: Filtration of the water or steam lines coming into the mechanical washers or sterilizers. Contacting the hospital engineering staff and your water supply district to identify the exact reasoning for the discoloration, whether it is water softeners, debris or iron and getting it out of your water supply or at least the sinks and areas where instruments are processed. Brownish Stain Cause: Brownish stain or a dull blue-brown cast to the instrument frequently is some type of chromic oxide film that can be caused by some type of copper deposits or from detergents or cleaning agents high in poly-phosphates which cause a copper solubilizing action in the parts of the sterilizer or cleaning equipment. Solution: This can be eliminated by experiment with another compound that does not contain a poly-phosphate, measure the quantities more accurately and fill with cold water if you have copper water pipes. Oxidation tints may be removed by rubbing and thoroughly cleaning or placing the instrument in an acid type cleaning agent for a short period of time and thoroughly rinsing. Phone Toll Free: Fax:
4 Blue-Gray Stain Cause: Many times come from cold sterilizing agents. Solution: Changing the solution frequently so as not to have any evaporation change in concentration, making sure that it contains a rust inhibitor to minimize the discoloration of the instrument and definitely making sure the instrument is even allowed by manufacturers recommendation to be cold sterilized. Many metals are not able to withstand cold sterilizing agents. Make sure when using cold sterilizing agents, distilled water is used in the final rinse or sterile water if going straight to a patient. This should also help, if the instrument is being put into storage to eliminate discoloration as we neutralize the ph of the metal surface. Yellow-Brown Discoloration Cause: This may be protein residuals, improperly cleaned surface, proteins left on the surface for a long period of time and then not thoroughly cleaned. Solution: Proper cleaning, using a good detergent and considerable rubbing but not done with an abrasive or anything that will scratch the surface of the instrument. Purple-Brown (Iridescent) Discoloration Cause: Exposure to ammonia. Amine crystals within the steam line. Instrument detergents that contain ammonia in the compound makeup can be the problem. Saline solutions, blood plasma, potassium chloride and a number of other compounds can be a cause. Detergents with a high ph can cause discoloration. Solution: Use distilled and demineralized water in the final rinse. Check the amine exposure in the steam coming into the sterilizer, filtration may be a solution. Changing the type of detergent from an ammonia base to one of a non-ionic detergent may be a solution depending on the manufacturer s recommendations. Maintain a detergent with a neutral ph. Separate metal in the cleaning and operation of any ultrasonic, washer-sterilizer, or washer-decontaminator so that electrolysis does not take place and avoid detergents with a chloride base. Pitting Cause: Pitting can be caused by the instrument being exposed to high saline solutions, chlorides, iodides, tincture of iodides, improper or impure disinfectants in cleaning agents solution can also cause pitting, which is actually removing, of part of the passivation surface which eventually will lead to rust, none of which of the above instruments can be used again in a surgical procedure without refinishing and in some instances replacement. Solution: Being conscious of what instruments are being exposed to an minimizing the duration of that exposure as much as possible. For example, in the Operating Room, just as a surgical scrub wipes down the instrument prior to handing it back to the surgeon making sure the instruments are minimally exposed to sodium chloride for irrigation, exposed to body secretions that again contain sodiums and chlorides in order to minimize any kind of pitting or corrosion to the instrument over a long period of time. 364 Phone Toll Free: Fax:
5 Corrosion There are many different types of corrosion. Corrosion can start in an instrument when the natural protective passivation surface or coating of the stainless steel instrument is destroyed by some means, usually chemically, elemental exposure or some type of contact exposure. We are going to identify each one of the types of corrosion; be it surface corrosion, stress, abrasive corrosion, or mishandling to help you in identifying the means in which to eliminate any further problem with your facility s instrumentation. Each one of the types of corrosions will be identified and some of the ways they can be minimized: Stress Corrosion An instrument whose passivation layer has been destroyed by the influence of strong acids or caustics or the influence of a heavy metal. Anodized aluminum instruments in trays are particularly susceptible to this type of process. Cause: Both highly acid and highly alkaline solutions or those containing caustics are those causing the surface corrosions that you see on anodized aluminum sets or instruments. It also can be caused in the manufacturing process but can also be a result of poor handling of the instrumentation. Crevice Corrosion Crevice corrosion looks like rust blisters in small crevices of the instrument or where parts are joined together. It is usually localized and most times will be identified when sent back to the manufacturer for analysis. Abrasive Corrosion Abrasive corrosion is a friction type of corrosion caused by improper cleaning. It occurs in places such as box-lock, where either insufficient cleaning or lack of lubrication on instrumentation that do need lubrication in the joints. Very fine metal roughness causes abrasive rubbing of metal, damaging the passivation of the instrument and again causing a corrosion. Prep Blades Prep blades will rust if left in a moist environment. The blades are made of carbon steel not out of stainless. This is due to carbon steel will keep sharpness for a longer period of time. If you need to sterilize and leave for long period of time. They can be ETO sterilized. Do not sterilize with the blade inside handle, the blade will rust and will be unable to remove from handle. Solution: To avoid the damage, it is imperative that the properties of the steam are analyzed so they do not contain high quantities of chloride ion as in small quantities in the water can cause the formation of stress corrosion and cracks as shown in the box-locks and ratchets. Note: The appearance of the stress corrosion crack may be mistaken for a forced stress crack due to the over-stressing of the instrument, however the history would have to be known that there was not misuse of the instrument. Phone Toll Free: Fax:
care & cleaning guide
guide guide Everything Sterling puts its name on is painstakingly designed and precisionengineered to ensure excellence. With proper care and cleaning, your high-quality product will stand the test of
More information& CLEANING GUIDE MAINTAIN BEAUTY & PERFORMANCE
& CLEANING GUIDE MAINTAIN BEAUTY & PERFORMANCE BATHS, SHOWERS & WHIRLPOOLS MADE OF SOLID VIKRELL Everything Sterling puts its name on is painstakingly designed and precision-engineered to ensure excellence.
More informationThermo Scientific Rotor Care Guide. Protect your rotor investment
Thermo Scientific Rotor Care Guide Protect your rotor investment Thermo Scientific Rotor Care Guide Thermo Scientific rotors meet the high standards we set for all of our laboratory products. The precision-engineered
More informationTHE BASICS OF DECONTAMINATION
THE BASICS OF DECONTAMINATION Objectives: Review the basic factors that impact cleaning and decontamination of surgical devices. Present the fundamentals of manual and automatic cleaning Review various
More informationGENERAL MAINTENANCE MANUAL
GENERAL MAINTENANCE MANUAL CLEANING GUIDE CLEANING CARE TIPS FOR STAINLESS STEEL, VINYL, AND ALUMINUM FWE CLEANING GUIDE COOK HOLD SERVE REFRIGERATION BARS CONGRATULATIONS......and thank you for purchasing
More informationMetal Rescue Rust Remover Technical Data
Technical Data Product Description Metal Rescue TM is an innovative new technology that efficiently removes rust without harming surrounding materials. It is a water-based, non-toxic solution that is biodegradable
More informationCLEANING AND SANITIZING
CLEANING AND SANITIZING Cleaning and sanitizing procedures must be part of the standard operating procedures that make up your food safety program. Improperly cleaned and sanitized surfaces allow harmful
More informationCrevice Corrosion on Stainless Steel Propeller Shafts
Crevice Corrosion on Stainless Steel Propeller Shafts A Quick Summary: What is it? How to Prevent it. How to Repair it. Stainless steel propeller shafts and running gear are subject to pitting & crevice
More informationInstallation Instructions
PUSH Installation Instructions A DA C O M PLIA NT shown with optional Bradley 90-75 faucet Front-Mounted Barrier Free Rectangular Bowl Stainless Steel Lav Table of Contents Pre-Installation Information...........2
More informationInfection Control in the Dental Practice through Proper Sterilization
Midmark Corporation 60 Vista Drive P.O. Box 286 Versailles, Ohio 45380-0286 937-526-3662 midmark.com Infection Control in the Dental Practice through Proper Sterilization In today's world, the need for
More informationProfiles for floors of same height Cerfix Projoint
PROFILPAS S.P.A. VIA EINSTEIN, 38 35010 CADONEGHE (PADOVA) ITALY TEL. +39 (0)49 8878411 +39 (0)49 8878412 FAX. +39 (0)49-706692 EMAIL: INFO@PROFILPAS.COM s for floors of same height Cerfix Projoint Application
More informationIMO Approved Tank Cleaning Chemicals
IMO Approved Tank Cleaning Chemicals IMO Approved Tank Cleaning Chemicals TC1 Aquamarine Aquawash T1080A Suitable for the removal of fatty acids, fish oils and other drying or semi-drying oil deposits.
More informationDETERGENTS. Application Recommendations. Application/ Concerns. Recommended Detergent. Articles Cleaned/ Soil Removed. Cleaning Method.
Application/ Concerns Application Recommendations Articles Cleaned/ Soil Removed Glass, metal, plastic labware, ceramics, tissue culture, porcelain, clean rooms, animal cages, bioreactors, tubing, benches,
More informationIntroducing an All New Line of Cleaning Chemicals
www.alltemp.ca Introducing an All New Line of Cleaning Chemicals Coil Cleaners & Brighteners Metal Cleaning Detergents Ice Machine Cleaners Scale Removers Electronic Cell Cleaner Degreasing Solvent Leak
More informationVC 104+ Rigid Grade / Rigid Grade Imagine VC 104 Rigid Grade Commercial Customised
Page 1 of 6 instructions VC 104+ Rigid Grade / VC 104+ Rigid Grade Imagine / (for the rest of this document referred to as VC 104) can be applied to new and used trucks and trailers with painted rigid
More informationAnodizing Reference Guide
Anodizing Reference Guide Type Thickness Type II Conventional coatings produced 1.8µ-25.4µ from sulfuric acid bath Type I A Conventional coatings produced 0.5µ-7.6µ (microns) from chromic acid bath Type
More informationThermo Scientific Rotor Care Guide. Protect your rotor investment
Thermo Scientific Rotor Care Guide Protect your rotor investment pg 2 pg 4 pg 6 pg 8 Routine Evaluation and Care of Your Rotor Rotor Maintenance Rotor Inspection Services Rotor Life Management Thermo Scientific
More informationSan josé OWNER S MANUAL
San josé OWNER S MANUAL Assembling & operating manual San josé 30 mbar - PORTABLE GAS BARBECUE 1. 2. 3. Improper installation, adjustment, alteration, service or maintenance can injury or property damage.
More informationCare and Handling of Rotors
Care and Handling of Rotors Today s Objectives Help you to use centrifuge systems safely Ensure maximum life of your investment Avoid unbudgeted lab expenses Maximize experiment integrity Table of Contents
More informationInstruction Manual. Image of SP-3015 & SP-3815. Important Safeguards. Automatic Dispensing Hot Water Pot with Reboil Function
Important Safeguards READ ALL INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE USE. Instruction Manual Automatic Dispensing Hot Water Pot with Reboil Function Image of SP-3015 & SP-3815 SP-3015: 3.0L SP-3815: 3.8L SP-3017: 3.0L (Stainless
More informationSelection, Use, and Care of Brushes
Wood Finishing & Refinishing Fact Sheet #2 Selection, Use, and Care of Brushes Dr. Leona K. Hawks Home Furnishings and Housing Specialist 1995 HI 22 Good results in wood refinishing depend to a large extent
More informationWhite rust on galvanized and galvanized pre-painted steel. Technical Information
Technical Information White rust on galvanised steel Prevention It is easier to prevent white rust than to cure it! Reasonable precautions to protect steel during both transport and storage can considerably
More informationProtecting Galvanized Steel Sheet Products from Storage Stain Rev 2.1 Aug-03
GalvInfoNote 7 Protecting Galvanized Steel Sheet Products from Storage Stain Introduction - What is Storage Stain Storage stain, when related to galvanized sheet products, is a corrosion-formed stain that
More informationTest Methods for the Colour Fastness of Leather & Dyes. TFL Leather Technology Ltd. Quality and Environment February 2004 Version 1.
Test s for the Colour Fastness of Leather & Dyes TFL Leather Technology Ltd. Quality and Environment February 2004 Version 1.0 Contents Colour Fastness of Dyed Leather 1. Grey scale for assessing change
More informationDetergents in CSSD. Wim Renders
Detergents in CSSD Wim Renders http://www.aqualitybv.eu Water is the solvent For pre-rinsing (cold): tap water In the ultra sonic cleaner: soft (preferably) or RO water; For manual cleaning: cold tap
More informationSugar or Salt? Ionic and Covalent Bonds
Lab 11 Sugar or Salt? Ionic and Covalent Bonds TN Standard 2.1: The student will investigate chemical bonding. Have you ever accidentally used salt instead of sugar? D rinking tea that has been sweetened
More informationACO Cleaning principles for drainage
Cleaning procedures ACO Cleaning principles for drainage Page Introduction 3 Principles of cleaning 4 Cleaning procedures ACO cleaning principles for drainage Cleaning chemicals 5 Manual cleaning of drainage
More information4. Cryogenic gloves are generally designed to protect the hands from intense cold or heat.
PROTECTIVE GLOVES In many University laboratories, exposure to chemicals, infectious agents, sharp objects, extreme temperatures and other hazards can create a potential for injury to the hand. Wherever
More informationorlando OWNER S MANUAL
orlando OWNER S MANUAL 2 Assembling & operating manual Orlando 30 mbar - PORTABLE GAS BARBECUE 1. 2. 3. Improper installation, adjustment, alteration, service or maintenance can injury or property damage.
More informationStone Developments. Caring for Irish Blue Limestone Products. Irish Blue Limestone Maintenance Guide
Stone Developments Irish Blue Limestone Maintenance Guide Caring for Irish Blue Limestone Products As an naturally occurring material, blue limestone is ideally suited to withstand environmental stresses,
More informationAustin Peay State University Department of Chemistry CHEM 1111. Empirical Formula of a Compound
Cautions Magnesium ribbon is flammable. Nitric acid (HNO 3 ) is toxic, corrosive and contact with eyes or skin may cause severe burns. Ammonia gas (NH 3 ) is toxic and harmful. Hot ceramic crucibles and
More information2014 Service Technician Training Program Closed Loop Systems
1/20/14 2014 Service Technician Training Program Closed Loop Systems Daniel S. Krack, CWT 2 Closed Loop Cooling and Heating The Closed Loop Cooling Advantages High Efficiency Chillers, Heat Exchangers,
More informationPRETREATMENT TECHNICAL DATA SHEET WATER EMULSIFIABLE RUST PREVENTATIVE PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
INDUSTRIAL COATINGS RA260 WATER EMULSIFIABLE RUST PREVENTATIVE PRODUCT DESCRIPTION is water emulsifiable rust preventative oil, which provides outstanding corrosion protection for all phosphate metals.
More informationOutlines: Original Artwork: LeMaitre. Light Post Adapter. Light Post Adapter. Fits Olympus, Storz, and Stryker Equipment* English Instructions for Use
Outlines: Original Artwork: LeMaitre VASCULAR Fits Olympus, Storz, and Stryker Equipment* English Instructions for Use Fits Olympus, Storz, and Stryker Equipment* Instructions for Use - English Model Numbers
More informationLaboratory Glassware Cleaning
Laboratory Glassware Cleaning Laboratory glassware is valued for its durability, inertness, transparency and for presenting a simple, clean surface for a variety of applications. It is important that lab
More informationWinterizing Your Trailer and Storage Ideas
Winterizing Your Trailer and Storage Ideas Basically winterizing is getting the water out of the pipes and tanks so that when it gets cold enough to freeze water, your unit won't be damaged from the expanding
More informationNO TARN 15. 5) Can be used on Silver AND Gold. Protects gold from blackening during shipping due to reaction with box chemicals.
Description is an after-treatment process which effectively protects Silver from oxidation and tarnishing. Used as directed, it forms a thin, invisible film on the surface which blocks exposure to the
More informationWater Softening for Hardness Removal. Hardness in Water. Methods of Removing Hardness 5/1/15. WTRG18 Water Softening and Hardness
Water Softening for Removal 1 in Water High concentration of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) ions in water cause hardness Generally, water containing more than 100 mg/l of hardness expressed as calcium
More informationStandard laryngoscope blade assemblies Directions for use
1 2014 Welch Allyn, Inc. MM 721358 Ver. C Standard laryngoscope blade assemblies Directions for use Intended use About this document The rigid laryngoscope is a device used to examine and visualize a patient
More informationWater Treatment & Purification Chemicals
Lime-Out Extra Water Treatment Cleaning Chemicals Dissolves tough lime, calcium & rust stains Non-abrasive thick jelly like liquid clings to vertical surfaces Cleans tubs, sinks, shower doors, dishwashers
More informationLiquid. Detergents. Liquid. Cleaners. Liquid. Powder. Liquid. Enzymatic. Detergents & Cleaners. Neutral. Acidic. Ultrasonics. Acidic.
Ready-to-use Detergents Acidic Ready-to-use Cleaners Concentrated Ready-to-use Detergents Cleaners Ultrasonics Alkaline Concentrated Manual Concentrated Neutral Comprehensive Product Information Powder
More informationSOLAR PV SYSTEM MAINTENANCE GUIDE
SOLAR PV SYSTEM MAINTENANCE GUIDE GUYANA HINTERLANDS STAND-ALONE SOLAR PV INSTALLATIONS IMPROVING HEALTH FACILITY INFRASTRUCTURE (IHFI) GUYANA CONTRACT NO. EPP-I-00-03-00008-00, TASK ORDER 07 APRIL 2013
More informationTractor Painting Tips
Keeping your tractor or equipment well kept & free from rust & corrosion will extend the life of your investment & help retain its value for a longer period of time. It can be difficult, in many cases,
More informationA. Work on this project shall consist of, but is not limited to, the following:
PART 1 - GENERAL CLEANING AND RESTORATION OF SECTION 05900-1 1.1 SUMMARY A. Work on this project shall consist of, but is not limited to, the following: 1. Clean and treat all exposed anodized architectural
More informationActiv ActivTM self-cleaning glass Activ
Pilkington Activ TM Activ self-cleaning glass Pilkington Activ The world s first self-cleaning glass with advanced dual action for superior results A revolution in glass Self-cleaning glass has been described
More informationWATER CHEMISTRY AND POOL WATER BALANCE
C R6 H A PT E WATER CHEMISTRY AND POOL WATER BALANCE LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completely studying this chapter, you should be able to: Understand and list the parameters upon which water balance is based.
More informationA Guide to Stains, Rings, Discoloration, Mineral Deposits: What They Are & How To Take Care Of Them
A Guide to Stains, Rings, Discoloration, Mineral Deposits: What They Are & How To Take Care Of Them Table of Contents Table of Contents... 1 A Note to Homeowners... 1 Stains, Rings or Discoloration...
More informationStucco Repair and Maintenance No. 1.01
Tel: 404 346-3666 Toll Free: 800 221-2397 Fax: 404 346-3119 Stucco Repair and Maintenance No. 1.01 These stucco repair and maintenance techniques are intended as a partial guide to repair of stucco walls.
More informationBluelab Soil ph Meter Instruction Manual
Instruction Manual www.getbluelab.com Table of Contents 1.0 Information about measuring the ph of soils/media. 2 2.0 Introduction to Bluelab Soil ph Meter 4 3.0 Preparing the Bluelab Soil ph Meter for
More informationFor safety information, see the ABI PRISM 310 Genetic Analyzer User s Manual (PN 903565 or 4317588).
User Bulletin ABI PRISM 310 Genetic Analyzer 01/2007 SUBJECT: Syringe Care and Maintenance Overview Safety Information Warranty Information In this User Bulletin This user bulletin describes the care,
More informationScaletec Plus. Descaling Overview, Guidelines, Cleanup Tips, And Question & Answers
INFORMATION RELEASE Synergy Technology for Pool, Spa, & Fountains Scaletec Plus Product technical guidelines for calcium descaling and stain removal from swimming pool surfaces, tile, and equipment to
More informationCHAIN CARE & TROUBLE SHOOTING
Fatigue Failure Bushing Fatigue Stress Corrosion Stress Corrosion and Hydrogen Embrittlement These closely related failures are similar in appearance and nature. They appear as cracks which initiate at
More informationSulfites for Oxygen Control
If you would like a more detailed version of this report, please request SOS from lcavano@scrantonassociates.com along with your e-mail address. A. Introduction Sulfites for Oxygen Control Robert R. Cavano
More informationKeeping Your Swimming Pool and Spa Healthy Environmental Health Guide
Keeping Your Swimming Pool and Spa Healthy Environmental Health Guide A swimming pool or spa can be an asset to your home, and provide the opportunity to take part in healthy relaxing activities. However,
More informationTUTORIAL. REbUILdING. front CALIpER O-RING CONVERSION CORVETTE 1965-82. Part #: HT-1
Part #: HT-1 1965-82 CORVETTE O-RING CONVERSION front CALIpER REbUILdING TUTORIAL Choosing a Brake Caliper Rebuild Kit Standard Lip Seals vs. O-Ring Seals Lip seal design seals are used on 1965-1982 Corvette
More informationNever use a spa or hot tub alone. Do not allow children to use a spa without supervision.
ASK THE EXPERT: SPA MAINTENANCE GUIDE By: All Seasons Spas & Fireplaces http://www.all4seasons.com Introduction Soaking in a hot tub or spa can be uniquely soothing and relaxing, but the hot water environment
More informationTECHNICAL DATA SHEET DURO HARD CHROME PLATING PROCESS
TECHNICAL DATA SHEET Duro hard chrome plating process is a high-speed bath which employs a special mixed soluble catalyst and has been developed to meet the modern hard chrome plating requirements. Its
More informationGuidelines for Selecting and Maintaining Glycol Based Heat Transfer Fluids
Guidelines for Selecting and Maintaining Based Heat Transfer Fluids David Berry Engineering Manager, Chem-Aqua Canada Allan Browning Technical Marketing Manager, Chem-Aqua, Inc. Based Heat Transfer Fluids
More informationWATER-SOLUBLE METALWORKING FLUIDS
Registered trade mark Stevens Industrial Services (SIS) Ltd HIGH PERFORMANCE FLUIDS WATER-SOLUBLE METALWORKING FLUIDS general information booklet Preface Unfortunately, it is a fact of life that metal
More informationthe runnerless types of molds are explained post molding operations are described the basic methods of applied decoration methods are examined
Training Objectives After watching the video and reviewing this printed material, the viewer will gain knowledge and understanding of the various plastic finishing processes used in industry and their
More informationBest Practice in Boiler Water Treatment
Best Practice in Boiler Water Treatment Boiler Water Treatment Part 2 Internal Treatment Objectives of Internal Water Treatment 1 To control the level of total dissolved solids (TDS) within the boiler
More informationA Primer for Protecting Your Investment in Surgical Instru m e n t s. Official Guide: Maintaining and Cleaning Surgical Instruments
A Primer for Protecting Your Investment in Surgical Instru m e n t s Official Guide: Maintaining and Cleaning Surgical Instruments About This Guide As a medical professional, you want to ensure the utmost
More informationCare and use guide. Contents. a handy solution made easy. www.getbluelab.com. page
Care and use guide Contents page Features Quick guide Before use To operate Important - ph pen probe care 4 Cleaning 5 Battery replacement 5 Hydration 6 Calibration 6 Error messages 7 Troubleshooting guide
More informationINDUSTRIAL FLOORING INSTALLATION CHALLENGES. James C. Ziegler, ArmorSeal Product Manager Sherwin Williams Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
INDUSTRIAL FLOORING INSTALLATION CHALLENGES James C. Ziegler, ArmorSeal Product Manager Sherwin Williams Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Abstract: Specifier's and contractors not only need to properly evaluate the
More informationSyllabus OC18 Use litmus or a universal indicator to test a variety of solutions, and classify these as acidic, basic or neutral
Chemistry: 9. Acids and Bases Please remember to photocopy 4 pages onto one sheet by going A3 A4 and using back to back on the photocopier Syllabus OC18 Use litmus or a universal indicator to test a variety
More informationYou have just purchased the most portable and economical spray chrome system in the world!
You have just purchased the most portable and economical spray chrome system in the world! The Chrome FX Gun comes attached directly to the pots making it extremely mobile and capable of performing on
More informationSTERILIZATION د STERILIZATION
STERILIZATION. د STERILIZATION Is a term referring to any process that eliminates (removes) or kills all forms of microbial life, including transmissible agents (such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, spores
More informationCATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEM DESIGN
CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEM DESIGN Presented By DENIS L ROSSI P.E. CORROSION ENGINEER New England C P Inc. Corrosion Fundamentals What is corrosion? It is defined as the degradation or deterioration of
More informationChapter 5 - Aircraft Welding
Chapter 5 - Aircraft Welding Chapter 5 Section A Study Aid Questions Fill in the Blanks 1. There are 3 types of welding:, and, welding. 2. The oxy acetylene flame, with a temperature of Fahrenheit is produced
More informationRBS detergents for laboratories
RBS detergents for laboratories High performance solutions For reliable and reproducible results Competence & experience RBS products are mainly intended for water-based cleaning processes of glassware
More informationYour drinking water. Your questions answered
Your drinking water Your questions answered Introduction Southern Water supplies tap water to more than two million people in Kent, Sussex, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight. To ensure this water is safe
More informationThermopile Support: FAQs, Troubleshooting, Care & Maintenance
Thermopile Support: FQs, Troubleshooting, Care & Maintenance Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. How long does a thermopile sensor last and how accurate does it remain over time? 3. What are typical causes
More informationMODEL VG08008 CONTENT PACKING LIST / TOOLS NEEDED PANEL DIMENSIONS FITTINGS / TECHNICAL DATA WALL/CORNER INSTALLATION CARE AND TROUBLE SHOOTING
CONTENT PACKING LIST / TOOLS NEEDED PANEL DIMENSIONS FITTINGS / TECHNICAL DATA WALL/CORNER INSTALLATION CARE AND TROUBLE SHOOTING WARRANTY 1 PACKING LIST DESCRIPTION MODEL NUMBER - PANEL HOUSING 88062
More informationPictorial Surface Preparation Standards For Painting Steel Surfaces
Pictorial Surface Preparation Standards For Painting Steel Surfaces Printed by Manchester Contents Contents 3 Foreword 4 Scope 5 Rust grades 6 Preparation grades. Scraping and wire-brushing 6 Preparation
More informationph Measurements of Common Substances
Chem 100 Section Experiment 10 Name Partner s Name Introduction ph Measurements of Common Substances The concentration of an acid or base is frequently expressed as ph. Historically, ph stands for the
More informationALS TRIBOLOGY Engine Coolant Reference Guide
ALS TRIBOLOGY Engine Coolant Reference Guide Engine coolants are a mixture of, inhibitors, and water. Each formula is designed for specific protection and engine requirements. Mixing different coolants
More informationNon-polar hydrocarbon chain
THE SCIENCE OF SOAPS AND DETERGENTS 2000 by David A. Katz. All rights reserved Reproduction permitted for educational purposes as long as the original copyright is included. INTRODUCTION A soap is a salt
More information3. Maintenance of Laboratory Equipment
- 52 - Mainten: of Lab Equipment / National Guidelines SLCM SLCM National Guidelines / Mainte: of Lab Equipment - 53-3. Maintenance of Laboratory Equipment Introduction Equipment maintenance is one important
More informationGB Tubulars RECOMMENDED PRACTICE For CASING on LOCATION
GB Tubulars RECOMMENDED PRACTICE For Released: October, 2011 Revision: 1.0 APPROVED BY: Eugene J. Mannella, P.E., Vice President Engineering Page 2 of 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 SCOPE... 3 2.0 APPLICABLE
More informationTotal Suspended Solids Total Dissolved Solids Hardness
Total Suspended Solids (TSS) are solids in water that can be trapped by a filter. TSS can include a wide variety of material, such as silt, decaying plant and animal matter, industrial wastes, and sewage.
More informationHandling Corrosive or Abrasive Liquids
Handling Corrosive or Abrasive Liquids Defining abrasion and corrosion An abrasive liquid is one that has particles in it. Some, like inks, have very fine particles, while others, like some paints, contain
More informationSURFACE PREPARATION. High pressure fresh water cleaning.
SURFACE PREPARATION The single most important function that can influence paint performance is the quality of surface preparation. For optimum service life, the surface must be completely free of all contaminants
More informationPOZZI WINDOW COMPANY LIMITED WARRANTY WINDOWS, DOORS AND COMPONENT PARTS
POZZI WINDOW COMPANY LIMITED WARRANTY WINDOWS, DOORS AND COMPONENT PARTS POZZI WINDOW COMPANY warrants, subject to the conditions and restrictions contained below, that each window, door and component
More informationChapter 16: Tests for ions and gases
The position of hydrogen in the reactivity series Hydrogen, although not a metal, is included in the reactivity series because it, like metals, can be displaced from aqueous solution, only this time the
More informationOxivir Tb and Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) Frequently Asked Questions
Oxivir Tb and Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP) Frequently Asked Questions What is Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP)? AHP is a patented synergistic blend of commonly used, safe ingredients that when
More informationGUIDELINES FOR HANDLING FABRICATION INSTALLATION AND CLEANING
GUIDELINES FOR HANDLING FABRICATION INSTALLATION AND CLEANING TRANSPORTATION, RECEIVING & STORAGE Before unloading the truck, verify the weight of the cases/stoces and confirm that the handling equipment
More informationBASIC WATER TREATMENT OF STEAM BOILERS
BASIC WATER TREATMENT OF STEAM BOILERS Steve Kenny and Dave Pope Chemco Water Technology Vancouver, WA This is a brief discussion on low-pressure steam boiler chemistry. It provides dry kiln boiler operators
More informationPIPING SYSTEM - ABRASIVE SLURRIES Engineering Standard Specification. 96 B. Riutta
PIPING SYSTEM - ABRASIVE SLURRIES Engineering Standard Specification Number: 3503-11.2.610 Rev. 2 Rubber Lined Steel Pipe and Fittings Mechanically Coupled Plain End Type System Issued Revised Approved
More informationThe National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors 1055 Crupper Avenue Columbus, Ohio 43229 614.888.8320
TheNationalBoardofBoilerandPressureVesselInspectors 1055CrupperAvenue Columbus,Ohio43229 614.888.8320 NB-410, Revision 3 Sept, 2015 1 1.0 GENERAL The purpose of this document is to provide basic guidelines
More informationHardness ions also interfere with many chemical processes such as chemical compounding and aqueous cleaners.
Water Softeners Industrial Water Purification (800) CAL-WATER By Dave Peairs, Cal Water, Technical Director Rev: 06/08/2004 Before any discussion of water softeners, we must first define what hard water
More information,,,, Calabria 66 x42 Tile Top Dining Table
No ajustar los tornillos hasta que la mesa este completamente armada. Figura Figura,,,, Calabria x Tile Top Dining Table, Owner s Manual 0 Figura 0 7 9 Figura If you have any problems with this product,
More informationMatte Finish Paint Owner s Guide. Matte Finish Paint Owner s Guide. Matte Finish Paint Owner s Guide 3. NP150-V2013 (Rev 06/11/12) Printing xx/xx/12
Matte Finish Paint Owner s Guide Matte Finish Paint Owner s Guide NP150-V2013 (Rev 06/11/12) Printing xx/xx/12 Matte Finish Paint Owner s Guide 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Special Care Needed Introduction and
More informationTable of Contents Markers...1
Table of Contents Markers...1 Introduction...1 Color Surge Paper...2 Color Surge\Neon Explosion/Glow Board/Color Wave Markers...3 Dry Erase Markers...9 Erasable Markers...15 Ice Markers...23 Markers...34
More informationRO / NF Cleaning Guidelines
Nanostone Water, Inc. Carlsbad Office 2463 Impala Dr. Carlsbad, CA 92010 USA T: +1 (844) 765-7377 www.nanostone.com RO / NF Cleaning Guidelines 2015 Nanostone Water, Inc. www.nanostone.com RO/NF Cleaning
More informationUltrasonic support removal tank
Ultrasonic support removal tank User guide and safety manual See inside for use and safety information. The Ultrasonic support removal tank automatically removes PLA support material from a printed ABS
More informationSPECIFICATION Aluminum Module Frames. Allowed anodization before fabrication for clear frames.
SPECIFICATION Allowed anodization before fabrication for clear frames. Page 2 of 9 1. SCOPE 1.1. This document provides general requirements for aluminum frames used in the assembly of photovoltaic modules.
More information8 plumbing. plumbing. 2010 PulteGroup, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
8 90 2010 PulteGroup, Inc. All Rights Reserved. drains All the water you use leaves the home through a drain. Maintaining drains prevents clogging, overflows, water damage, and other problems. care and
More informationThe Owners Coated Coil, Cleaning and Maintenance Service Manual.
The Owners Coated Coil, Cleaning and Maintenance Service Manual. Revision: July, 2011 Section INDEX Pages Forward 1 2 Importance of Proper & Timely Coil Cleaning 3 Coil Cleaner Characteristics 4 Selecting
More informationEspresso/Cappuccino/Single Serve Coffee Maker. Instruction Manual HY-5201 1 YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY
1 YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY Ginny s warrants this product free from defects in material and workmanship for one year from provable date of purchase. Within this warranty period, Ginny s will repair or replace,
More informationPetri Dish Electrolysis Electrolysis Reactions
elearning 2009 Introduction Petri Dish Electrolysis Electrolysis Reactions Publication No. 95008 Electrolysis is defined as the decomposition of a substance by means of an electric current. When an electric
More information