HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND CORRUPTION IN PERU

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1 HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND CORRUPTION IN PERU Joel Jabiles E. Vienna, October 04

2 CHS ALTERNATIVO A Peruvian non-profit organization dedicated to defend and promote human rights, developing strategies against Human Trafficking as well as related social issues. PERU POPULATION: 0 84,75 Rural: 4% (7 95,40) Urban: 76% ( 48,77) POVERTY RATE 0: 7.8% 0:.9% PERÚ EXTREME POVERTY RATE 0: 6.%; 0: 4.7% INFORMAL EMPLOYMENT RATE 007: 79.8%; 0: 7.4% CHRONIC DESNUTRITION 0 8,% of children under the age of 5 SOURCE: National Statistics Institute (INEI) HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI) 0.77 (position 8) SOURCE: UNDP

3 Perception Survey - Main problems of the country: Crime / Insecurity Corruption Unemployment Terrorism / Subversion Poverty / Hunger Cost of living / High prices

4 5 Regional Governments Regional Presidents have 68 complaints of Corruption. Source: Special Anti-Corruption Prosecutor Office 8 Regional Presidents are defendants in lawsuits alleged irregular acts of corruption during his governance. Source: Judicial Branch Regional Presidents imprisoned (Ancash, Pasco & Cajamarca) and fugitive (Tumbes). Source: Judicial Branch Between 009-0, 90 public officials sentenced for corruption from 4,000 that were reported. Source: Special Anti-Corruption Prosecutor Office

5 Evolution of Human Trafficking by Region 00-0

6 HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN PERÚ (007-04) SOURCE: SISTRA - Public Ministry,080 cases.,9 victims registered 4.% for sexual exploitation purposes 6. % for forced labour purposes There are 4 Main Routes Recruitment: Loreto, Ucayali Cusco, Huánuco Destination: Lima, Moquegua, Madre de Dios, Puno, Tumbes. From a total of,700 persons being investigated,,87 (47.7%) are women

7 THERE IS NO HUMAN TRAFFICKING WITHOUT CORRUPTION Recruitment Transportation Exploitation CORRUPTION

8 Two way corruption in a legal process on HUMAN TRAFFICKING CORRUPTION Victims CORRUPTION Human Trader

9 PARTICIPATION OF POSSIBLE INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN THE HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND CORRUPTION PROBLEMS POSSIBLE INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN HUMAN TRAFFICKING AND CORRUPTION CORRUPTION IN THE HUMAN TRAFFICKING CYCLE CORRUPTION IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING CORRUPTION IN HUMAN TRAFFICKING VICTIM S PROTECTION National Police Travel Agencies Transport Operators Migration Services Municipal Employees Health Services Employees Congressmen Justice Operators Social Services Media SOURCE: CHS Alternativo, 04

10 CRIMINAL LIFE CIRCUIT UNTIL 005 From 995 to 005 TERRORISM DRUG TRAFFICKING CRIME STATE CORRUPTION - Vertical structure - Head rules the body - Export bussiness dominated by foreing organizations - Widespread but no violent - Individual decisions

11 A qualitative change threatening coexistence and economy NEW STRUCTURE OF CRIMINAL LIFE IN 04 CORRUPTION OF INSTITUTIONS & AUTHORITIES - Police - Prosecution ILLEGAL ECONOMIES - Illegal Mining - Cocaine - Illegal Logging - Smuggling TERRORISM MAFIA INTERESTS INTO THE STATE - Judiciary Branch - Public Ministry - National Congress HUMAN TRAFFICKING HIT MAN DRUG TRAFFICKING MAFIAS OF CIVIL CONSTRUCTION REGIONAL AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES PROFITING FROM STATE MONEY COMMON CRIME VIOLENT YOUTH - Gangs - Hooligans - Micro-traders CRIMINAL CONTROL OF TERRITORIES EXTORTION TO BUSINESS IN SPECIFIC TERRITORIES SMALL AND MEDIUM CRIMINAL BUSINESSMEN / LOGIC OF NETWORKS / MULTIPLE HEADS / CHANGING AND LOOSE LINKS

12 Exports of Illegal Mining exceeded in $500 million to Drug Trafficking in 0 More than 00,000 persons victims of Human Trafficking (007-04)

13 CORRUPTION PERCEPTIONS INDEX 0 SOURCE: Transparency International 0.

14 CORRUPTION PERCEPTIONS INDEX 0 / TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS REPORT 0 Tier Tier W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W Tier Watch List Tier W W

15 PROGRESS MULTISECTORIAL WORK-GROUP (STATE, CIVIL SOCIETY, INTERNATIONAL MEMBERS) REGISTRY SYSTEMS RETA-PNP and SISTRA LEGAL FRAMEWORK OMBUDSMAN OFFICE AND SPECIALIZED BUREAUS REGIONAL PERMANENT ROUND-TABLES AND PLANS INCREASING MEDIA COMMITMENT CITIZEN WATCH GROUP IN 0 REGIONS

16 THANKS!

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