Automatic Vehicle Identification

Transcription

1 Automatic Vehicle Identification Public BU Security and Connectivity

2 Content Automatic Vehicle Identification Introduction Identifying the problem to address Benefits of AVI Applications of AVI AVI technologies review Inductive loops Optical systems Active RFID Passive RFID Secure passive RFID solutions from NXP for AVI: UCODE DNA UCODE DNA product review Benefits for AVI systems Form factors NXP and partners support Wrap up 2

3 AUTOMATIC VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION INTRODUCTION

4 The problem we want to address is: HOW TO RELIABLY COST-EFFECTIVELY and SECURELY IDENTIFY vehicles in various traffic situations. 4

5 Why are these four factors important? RELIABLITY every car, every time, in every condition COST-EFFECTIVENESS benefits are great, but not at any cost SECURITY $ is often involved, so we need to be sure IDENTIFICATION not to bill A for something B needs to pay not to give A a privilege which should go to B 5

6 Where would this be of benefit to us? There are number of traffic-related use cases where reliable, cost-effective and secure identification of vehicles comes in very handy: electronic toll collection access control (e.g. at parking facilities) classification and processing (e.g. at border crossings) law enforcement (e.g. speed control, red light control) asset tracking (e.g. for fleet management) 6

7 Vehicle registration related fraud causes huge income loss for governments worldwide In the US the noncompliance rate is estimated to be between 5-10% ($750M to $1.5 billion in fees remain uncollected by the states yearly) Other nations around the world have significantly higher levels of noncompliance (exceeding 30% in some nations) Source: Frost & Sullivan White Paper: The importance of tamper evident RFID tags in Electronic Vehicle Registration (EVR) solutions 7

8 AUTOMATIC VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY REVIEW

9 What technologies do we have as options? Inductive Loops Small metallic loops embedded in the road (below the asphalt) Optical systems High resolution cameras, coupled with image recognition software, and computer HW for processing and storing data. They rely on vehicle license plates. RFID Readers and antennas installed above, below or on the side of the road, coupled with a tag attached to the vehicle (windshield label, transponder, elicense Plate). 9

10 Inductive Loops are reliable and inexpensive but can only detect and not identify Inductive Loops Comments Reliable Cost-Effective Secure Identification Works very well even in bad weather conditions. Loops are inexpensive to produce and control; but installation needed during road construction, otherwise they can get very expensive. No security mechanisms implemented; only simple physical metal detection. You can sense that a vehicle is present, but cannot distinguish one vehicle from another. 10

11 Optical systems have lots of pros but also many cons, mainly around cost and reliability Pros Optical systems Cons Reliable Cost-Effective Secure Identification Sophisticated image recognition software is available. None. Images normally saved and available for later verification. Even if optical system fails, the human eye often can still read it. Weather, dirt, damage all big obstacles. Rates as low as 45%. * Very high start-up costs. High maintenance costs as well. ** Poor quality image does not help. Fake license plates. Image can be very bad even for the human eye; automation benefit lost. *Source: Russian Government agency. ** few tens of thousands USD per read point. 11

12 RFID offers reliable secure identification while keeping system costs reasonable RFID Comments Reliable Cost-Effective Secure Identification Needs no line of sight, resistant to dirt and weather; 95%+ rates easily achieved. By far, less expensive start-up costs compared to optical systems, plus practically no maintenance costs. * Offers anti-cloning functionality based on software and hardware cryptography. RFID is ALL about IDENTIFICATION Unique ID Number on every tag deployed in the market. *few thousand USD per read point. 12

13 RFID is the only technology that meets all AVI requirements Inductive Loops Optical Systems RFID Reliable Cost-Effective Secure Identification 13

14 Not all RFID has been created equal Passive UHF* Harvests energy from RF field. Needs no battery. Standardized. Extended lifetime. Small form factor. Cost-efficient. Active Uses a battery to boost its operating range. Not standardized. Limited lifetime. Bulky Expensive *LF and HF do not meet read range requirement. 14

15 From the perspective of AVI requirements, the picture was not complete until recently Active RFID Passive UHF RFID Reliable Cost-Effective 30$ transponders Secure SW implementation Identification 15

16 From the perspective of AVI requirements, the picture was not complete until recently Active RFID Passive UHF RFID Reliable Cost-Effective Secure 30$ transponders SW implementation As a leader in passive RFID Identification and as a leader in security. 16

17 NXP now offers secure passive UHF RFID meeting all AVI requirements Active RFID Passive UHF Secure passive UHF Reliable Cost-Effective Secure HW implementation Identification 17

18 SECURE PASSIVE RFID SOLUTIONS FROM NXP FOR AVI: UCODE DNA

19 NXP presents: Passive UHF tag IC with cryptographic authentication world-leading long range contactless performance cutting-edge security implementation for tag authentication All based on international standards * GS1 (EPCglobal Inc.) UHF RFID Generation-2 Version 2.0 ** ISO/IEC for proof of origin based on AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) 19

20 Cutting edge security implementation means cryptographic authentication The meaning of security is much clearer now Simple electronic protection Digital Signatures Encrypted UM Proprietary Protocols Custom Commands Passwords Unique tag IDs Cryptographic authentication Dynamic computation-based unique in every transaction with secrets which never leave protected security vault embedded inside the IC 20

21 Benefits for all parts of the eco-system End users Governments System Integrators Reliable Convenience Less congestion Higher adoption Higher degree of automation. Lower operating costs Cost-Effective Low starting cost Higher adoption (not only commercial but all vehicles). Lower system costs. Drive adoption. Secure Peace of mind Privacy** Fraud reduction Fraud reduction Identification* Convenience Less congestion Higher adoption Happy customer Higher adoption *Remember: from afar, with no line of sight requirement, without slowing down. **Through special secure features of UCODE DNA. 21

22 The right performance (i.e. meeting all requirements) at an overall acceptable system cost level will drive adoption! 22

23 Higher adoption, even at lower price, means more value. 100 thousand 30USD per active onboard unit vs 1 million 5USD per passive tag 23

24 All system components are available and deployed in projects already RFID system includes RFID Tags RFID-enabled license plates RFID-enabled windshield stickers Mobile/handheld RFID readers Stationary RFID readers RFID reader antennas RFID road curtains RFID gates RFID totems Backend SW solutions Some active AVI projects China India Turkey Thailand Brazil Peru Mexico Russia Nigeria 24

25 There are multiple ways passive secure RFID can be attached to the vehicle OPTION 1 OPTION 2 elicense Plates Integrated RFID tag Entire metal plate serves as the antenna -> better read range and more reliable Possibility to combine optical and RF identification Drawback: potential removal from one vehicle to another Windshield Stickers Integrated RFID inlay Less removal risk since it is inside the vehicle Self destruction if removal is attempted Drawback: lower RF performance due to smaller antenna size For maximum protection and best read reliability, use of license plate in combination with windshield sticker is recommended. 25

26 License plate: government-issued document It is not a piece of paper It is not a plastic card or a booklet Nevertheless, even though it is a metallic plate... still a government-issued document establishes identity it is linked to various obligations and benefits there is monetary value associated with it 26

27 Overview of overall System Costs Tag Reader Backend Optical Systems - $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ Active RFID $$$ $$$$$$$ $$$$$$$ Passive RFID $ $$$$$$$ $$$$$$$ 27

28 Additional benefits of RFID Once integrated into a license plate, RFID tag with crypto functionality can be use for authentication of license plate as a government issued document RFID systems can also be used for instantaneous speed measurements additional use case Once widely deployed (e.g. for tolling or for license plate auth.) easy extension to other applications such as parking access, law enforcement 28

29 RFID enables many use cases for governmental and commercial entities Speed control Red light control Vehicle Tracking Toll fee collection Access control Plate & car matching Check if registration expired Check if technical inspection is done And much more Illustration from: 29

30 WRAP UP

31 Conclusions Of all the available AVI technologies, only RFID meets all requirements Among RFID options, only secure passive UHF meets all AVI needs and can drive adoption All system components are available and deployed in various projects Combination of elicense Plates & Windshield Stickers gives best results NXP leads the market with secure contactless technologies and is a trusted partner for many governments, financial and other institutions 31

32 MobileKnowledge Thank you for your attention We are a global competence team of hardware and software technical experts in all areas related to contactless technologies and applications. Our services include: Application and system Design Engineering support Project Management Technological Consulting Advanced Technical services We address all the exploding identification technologies that include NFC, secure micro-controllers for smart cards and mobile applications, reader ICs, smart tags and labels, MIFARE family and authentication devices. For more information Eric Leroux eric.leroux@themobileknowledge.com

33 Automatic Vehicle Identification Carlos Paternain (Speaker) / Eric Leroux (Host) Thank you for your kind attention! Please remember to fill out our evaluation survey (pop-up) Check your for material download and on-demand video addresses Please check NXP and MobileKnowledge websites for upcoming webinars and training sessions