Race and Ethnicity. Hispanics were Ohio s fastest growing racial/ethnic group, growing by 40.2%

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1 Race and Ethnicity Quick Glimpse... While still predominantly white, Ohio s has diversified since The number of White, non-s declined in Ohio & all 7 cities since 2000 s were Ohio s fastest growing racial/ethnic group, growing by 40.2% 2008 Picture: White, non-s make up the majority of Ohio s at roughly 82 percent, followed by African American (11.6%), (2.6%) and Asian (1.5%) residents. Most Ohio metros have a racial and ethnic profile 1 similar to that of the state Cleveland metro is a notable exception with a considerably lower percent of White, non- (73.1%) residents and a considerably higher percentage of African American (19.2%) and residents (4.3%) than the state profile. Other exceptions include: Columbus larger Asian (3.0 %); Toledo s larger (5.2%); and Youngstown s smaller Asian (0.5%) as compared to the state as a whole. Trends ( ): Ohio s grew by 40.2 percent, more than all other groups analyzed by this study; the state s Asian and African American s grew by 32.3 and 4.2 percent, respectively, while Ohio s White, non- declined by 0.8 percent. 2 In all but one metro, s were the fastest growing racial/ethnic group with a growth rate ranging from 14.9 percent in Youngstown to percent in Cincinnati; Toledo s Asian grew by 27.8 percent, which registered as the largest increase of any ethnic group in the metro. 1 In this report, Ohio s racial and ethnic profile consists of these groups: White, non-; African American; and Asian. Together these four groups make up 98 percent of the Ohio s. While Ohio has other residents of racial and ethnic backgrounds different from the above groups, they make up a small subset of the state s. For example, Ohio s American Indian/Alaskan Native is very small (0.2%). While recognizing all of Ohio s racial and ethnic groups is important, this report s analysis is limited to the four racial and ethnic groups listed above in order to provide a more succinct analysis. 2 However, it should be noted that the high growth rate of Asians and s may be partially inflated due to the small base of these two groups, whereas the larger base of White, non-s and African Americans essentially buffers against a situation in which the addition of a small number of individuals causes a large increase in growth rate.

2 In 5 of 7 metros (Akron, Cleveland, Dayton, Toledo, and Youngstown), the number of White, non- individuals declined, while the percent of African American individuals declined in 3 metros (Cleveland, Dayton, and Youngstown); outside of these exceptions, all other racial and ethnic groups continued to grow between 2000 and 2008 in Ohio s largest metros. City and Suburbs: When comparing the racial and ethnic profiles of Ohio s central cities to that of the suburbs one trend in particular sticks out the statistical overrepresentation of African Americans in the central city and their underrepresentation in the suburbs. This trend applies to all Ohio metros, but is most pronounced in Youngstown where African Americans make up more than four times their metropolitan share of the in the central city. Conversely, White, non-s are overrepresented in the suburbs and underrepresented in the central city of all Ohio metros. Overall, in Ohio metros and Asian residents are distributed more evenly between city and suburbs than either their African American or White, non- counterparts. Dayton is the only Ohio metro where the majority of all racial and ethnic groups live in the suburbs % % 80.00% Growth by Race/Ethnicity in Ohio MSAs (2000 to 2008) 60.00% 40.00% 20.00% 0.00% % White, non- African American Asian Between 2000 and 2008, the central city of all Ohio metros lost White, non- residents at rates ranging from -3.5 percent in Columbus to more than -22 percent in both Cleveland and Youngstown. Yet, interestingly, the number of White, non-s grew in 5

3 out of 7 metros, which suggests that many have left the central city and relocated to the metro s suburban areas. The African American declined in the central city of 4 metros (Cincinnati, Cleveland, Dayton, and Youngstown), while it grew in the suburbs of 6 out of 7 metros; again this trends suggests outmigration from the city to suburbs. In general, Ohio suburbs racial and ethnic profile grew more diverse from 2000 to 2008.

4 Geography Race and Ethnicity by Place of Residence 2008 Population in 2008 Metro share of White, Non- Metro share of African American Metro share of Metro share of Asian 100 largest metros in the nation 199,179, ,037,138 27,077,234 37,345,760 11,693,964 Primary Cities 63,193, % 51.4% 43.7% 38.6% Suburbs 135,985, % 48.6% 56.3% 61.4% Midwest metros in the top ,411,041 26,783,790 5,509,415 3,149,663 1,204,262 State of Ohio 11,485,910 9,465,227 1,332, , ,768 Ohio metros in the top 100 Akron metropolitan 698, ,522 80,505 8,339 12,175 Akron city 207, % 78.4% 40.8% 38.5% Akron suburbs 491, % 21.6% 59.2% 61.5% Cincinnati metropolitan 2,155,137 1,785, ,199 43,224 33,510 Cincinnati city 333, % 51.0% 14.4% 9.4% Cincinnati suburbs 1,821, % 49.0% 85.6% 90.6% Cleveland metropolitan 2,088,291 1,526, ,211 89,150 37,223 Cleveland city 433, % 52.8% 43.5% 16.9% Cleveland suburbs 1,654, % 47.2% 56.5% 83.1% Columbus metropolitan 1,773,120 1,382, ,184 54,595 53,683 Columbus city 754, % 79.8% 67.5% 58.4% Columbus suburbs 1,018, % 20.2% 32.5% 41.6% Dayton metropolitan 836, , ,814 14,533 13,383 Dayton city 154, % 49.2% 22.1% 7.2% Dayton suburbs 682, % 50.8% 77.9% 92.8% Toledo metropolitan 649, ,634 80,738 33,897 8,528 Toledo city 293, % 91.2% 55.6% 47.1% Toledo suburbs 355, % 8.8% 44.4% 52.9% Youngstown metropolitan 565, ,566 58,072 11,878 2,936 Youngstown city 72, % 53.9% 48.9% 1.8% Youngstown suburbs 493, % 46.1% 51.1% 98.2%

5 Geography Race and Ethnicity as Total Population 2008 Population in 2008 Non- White African American Asian 100 largest metros in the nation 199,179, % 13.6% 18.7% 5.9% Primary Cities 63,193, % 21.2% 24.4% 7.0% Suburbs 135,985, % 9.7% 15.5% 5.3% Midwest metros in the top ,411, % 14.7% 8.4% 3.2% State of Ohio 11,485, % 11.6% 2.6% 1.5% Ohio metros in the top 100 Akron metropolitan 698, % 11.5% 1.2% 1.7% Akron city 207, % 30.4% 1.6% 2.3% Akron suburbs 491, % 3.5% 1.0% 1.5% Cincinnati metropolitan 2,155, % 11.9% 2.0% 1.6% Cincinnati city 333, % 39.4% 1.9% 0.9% Cincinnati suburbs 1,821, % 6.9% 2.0% 1.7% Cleveland metropolitan 2,088, % 19.2% 4.3% 1.8% Cleveland city 433, % 48.8% 8.9% 1.4% Cleveland suburbs 1,654, % 11.5% 3.0% 1.9% Columbus metropolitan 1,773, % 13.5% 3.1% 3.0% Columbus city 754, % 25.4% 4.9% 4.2% Columbus suburbs 1,018, % 4.8% 1.7% 2.2% Dayton metropolitan 836, % 14.4% 1.7% 1.6% Dayton city 154, % 38.6% 2.1% 0.6% Dayton suburbs 682, % 9.0% 1.7% 1.8% Toledo metropolitan 649, % 12.4% 5.2% 1.3% Toledo city 293, % 25.1% 6.4% 1.4% Toledo suburbs 355, % 2.0% 4.2% 1.3% Youngstown metropolitan 565, % 10.3% 2.1% 0.5% Youngstown city 72, % 42.9% 8.0% 0.1% Youngstown suburbs 493, % 5.4% 1.2% 0.6%

6 Geography Change of Race and Ethnicity since 2000 Population in 2008 White, Non- since 2000 African American since 2000 since 2000 Asian since largest metros in the nation 199,179, % 10.1% 32.8% 31.7% Primary Cities 63,193, % -2.3% 19.4% 17.3% Suburbs 135,985, % 26.1% 44.4% 42.3% Midwest metros in the top ,411, % 3.5% 35.6% 34.0% State of Ohio 11,485, % 4.2% 40.2% 32.3% Ohio metros in the top 100 Akron metropolitan 698, % 6.7% 51.1% 37.2% Akron city 207, % 3.3% 43.9% 49.1% Akron suburbs 491, % 21.1% 56.5% 30.6% Cincinnati metropolitan 2,155, % 11.8% 106.7% 41.2% Cincinnati city 333, % -7.1% 51.8% -35.9% Cincinnati suburbs 1,821, % 41.7% 120.0% 61.4% Cleveland metropolitan 2,088, % -1.3% 23.6% 19.6% Cleveland city 433, % -11.9% 12.2% -7.3% Cleveland suburbs 1,654, % 14.2% 34.2% 27.0% Columbus metropolitan 1,773, % 18.7% 91.3% 46.5% Columbus city 754, % 12.4% 112.3% 27.2% Columbus suburbs 1,018, % 52.2% 58.5% 86.3% Dayton metropolitan 836, % -0.8% 59.4% 21.3% Dayton city 154, % -17.0% 54.2% -5.7% Dayton suburbs 682, % 22.4% 61.0% 24.0% Toledo metropolitan 649, % 3.7% 18.3% 27.8% Toledo city 293, % 1.5% 9.3% 37.1% Toledo suburbs 355, % 33.1% 32.1% 20.6% Youngstown metropolitan 565, % -7.5% 14.9% 12.4% Youngstown city 72, % -10.3% 42.1% -81.4% Youngstown suburbs 493, % -4.0% -2.9% 24.2%