A Synchronization-Desynchronization Code for Natural Communication Signals
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1 A Synchronization-Desynchronization Code for Natural Communication Signals Jan Benda, André Longtin & Len Maler University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada present address: ITB, Berlin, Germany ITB
2 Brown Ghost Knifefish (Apteronotus leptorhynchus) Electric Organ Discharge (EOD) mv/cm Hz 1 15 Electrosensory system: Prey detection Communication 2
3 Communication I: Two Fish Fish 1: EOD frequency f 1 Fish 2: EOD frequency f 2 Beat with frequency f = f 2 f 1 f 3 Hz EOD amplitude modulation is encoded by electroreceptors (P-units).
4 Communication II: Large Chirps Signals emitted during male female interaction ( f > 6 Hz) Amplitude [mv/cm] Frequency [Hz] ms Hz 15
![f > 6 Hz) Amplitude [mv/cm].1.](/docs-images/43/2409906/images/page_4.jpg "1 2 Frequency [Hz] 16 12 8 15 1 5 18 ms")
5 Communication II: Large Chirps EOD Female EOD Male + Chirp
6 Communication II: Large Chirps EOD Female EOD Male + Chirp = Amplitude [mv/cm] EOD Amplitude Modulation Female Beat 13 Hz 2 1 Chirp 1 2 3
![[mv/cm] 6 4 2 3 EOD Amplitude](/docs-images/43/2409906/images/page_6.jpg "Modulation Female Beat 13 Hz 2 1")
7 Fast Beats Synchronize Electroreceptors In vivo recordings of electroreceptor afferents (P-units) Spike raster EOD Amplitude Beat f = 1 Hz
8 Large Chirps Desynchronize Response In vivo recordings of electroreceptor afferents (P-units) EOD Amplitude Beat f = 1 Hz Chirp 24 ms 6 Hz Spike raster Benda, Longtin, Maler (26) Neuron
9 Large Chirps Desynchronize Response In vivo recordings of electroreceptor afferents (P-units) Spike raster EOD Amplitude Firing rate [Hz] Synchrony 6 4 Benda, Longtin, Maler (26) Neuron Beat f = 1 Hz 2 Desynchronization ms 1 ms
![Firing rate [Hz] 4.4 4 3.6 3.2 2.](/docs-images/43/2409906/images/page_9.jpg "8 6 5 4 3 2 1 8 Synchrony 6 4 Benda, Longtin, Maler (26) Neuron")
10 Large Chirps Desynchronize Response In vivo recordings of electroreceptor afferents (P-units) Spike raster EOD Amplitude Beat f = 18 Hz Firing rate [Hz] Synchrony 6 4 Benda, Longtin, Maler (26) Neuron 2 Desynchronization ms 1 ms
11 Large Chirps Desynchronize Response Correlation Single unit recordings n = 38 ± 21 B Beat f [Hz] baseline beat chirp Synchronization/desynchronization between f 5 and 2 Hz Benda, Longtin, Maler (26) Neuron
![f [Hz] baseline beat chirp](/docs-images/43/2409906/images/page_11.jpg "Synchronization/desynchronization between f 5 and 2 Hz")
12 Large Chirps Desynchronize Response Correlation Dual unit recordings n = 5 B Beat f [Hz] 25 3 baseline beat chirp Benda, Longtin, Maler (26) Neuron
13 Population Response Response [µv] Beat f = 1 Hz Response [µv] Beat f = 15 Hz Response [µv] Beat f = 2 Hz Response [µv] Beat f = 3 Hz Benda, Longtin, Maler (26) Neuron
![Response [µv] 3 2 1 6 Beat f = 2 Hz 4 2 2 4 6 Response [µv]](/docs-images/43/2409906/images/page_13.jpg "3 2 1 6 Beat f = 3 Hz 4 2 2 4 6 Benda, Longtin, Maler (26)")
14 High Frequency Signals are Selectively Encoded by Synchronous Spikes Mutual information [Bits/Hz] all spikes synchronous spikes Stimulus frequency [Hz] Middleton, Longtin, Benda, Maler (27) submitted
15 Communication III: Small Chirps Short (14 ms) increase in EOD frequency (3 15 Hz).2 mv/cm.2 Frequency [Hz] ms Hz 15 2
16 Communication III: Small Chirps EOD Male 1 EOD Male 2 + Chirp
17 Communication III: Small Chirps EOD Male 1 EOD Male 2 + Chirp = Amplitude [mv/cm] EOD Amplitude Modulation Male Beat 5 Hz Chirp
![Amplitude [mv/cm] EOD Amplitude](/docs-images/43/2409906/images/page_17.jpg "Modulation Male 1 1.")
18 Spike raster EOD Amplitude Small Chirps Synchronize Response In vivo recordings of electroreceptor afferents (P-units) Beat f = 1 Hz Firing rate [Hz] Firing rate modulation 1 5 Benda, Longtin, Maler (25) J. Neurosci. Synchronization ms 1 ms
![6 Beat f = 1 Hz Firing rate [Hz] 4 3 2 1 Firing rate modulation 1](/docs-images/43/2409906/images/page_18.jpg "5 Benda, Longtin, Maler (25) J. Neurosci.")
19 Spike raster EOD Amplitude Small Chirps Synchronize Response In vivo recordings of electroreceptor afferents (P-units) Beat f = 5 Hz Firing rate [Hz] Firing rate modulation Benda, Longtin, Maler (25) J. Neurosci. 5 Synchronization ms 1 ms
![4 2 Beat f = 5 Hz Firing rate [Hz] 5 4 3 2 1 2 Firing rate modulation](/docs-images/43/2409906/images/page_19.jpg "15 1 5 Benda, Longtin, Maler (25) J. Neurosci.")
20 Summary Male female interaction: Fast beats ( f > 6 Hz) Synchrony Large chirps desynchronize receptor population
21 Summary Male female interaction: Fast beats ( f > 6 Hz) Synchrony Large chirps desynchronize receptor population Male male interaction: Slow beats ( f < 3 Hz) Firing rate modulation Small chirps synchronize receptor population
22 Summary Male female interaction: Fast beats ( f > 6 Hz) Synchrony Large chirps desynchronize receptor population Male male interaction: Slow beats ( f < 3 Hz) Firing rate modulation Small chirps synchronize receptor population Any change of the degree of synchrony could code a signal!
23 Synchronization is Stimulus-Driven Correlation Dual unit recordings n = 5 B Beat f [Hz] 25 3 baseline beat chirp
24 Synchronization is Stimulus-Driven Correlation Dual unit recordings n = 5 B Beat f [Hz] 25 3 baseline beat chirp beat shuffled chirp shuffled
25 Population Response EOD Amplitude Beat f = 1 Hz
26 EOD Amplitude Population Response Beat f = 1 Hz Potential [µv]
27 EOD Amplitude Population Response Beat f = 1 Hz Potential [µv]
28 EOD Amplitude Population Response Beat f = 1 Hz Potential [µv] Response [µv]
29 EOD Amplitude Population Response Beat f = 1 Hz Potential [µv] Response [µv]
30 Population Response Response amplitude [µv] Population response n = 5 fish baseline beat chirp B Beat f [Hz]
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