Photon statistics: Coherent and Thermal light

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Photon statistics: Coherent and Thermal light"

Betty Carroll
7 years ago
Views:

1 Phoo sisics: Cohee d Theml ligh P P! e

2 Phoo umbe ses o Fock ses. Ioduce ceio d desucio opeos. Fock ses is eige ses of eegy opeo. Thefoe phoo is he sigle exciio of oscillo mode 3. Simple mh wih opeos: ω [ ] [ ] / / / / / X P H i P X ω ω ω ω ω 0 0 X ħω 0 3 V. Fock

3 8..04 Quum ue of ligh. Phoo couig. Ligh qu d iefeece Sigle-phoo iefeece Sigle-phoo souces Phoo ibuchig

4 Ligh qu d iefeece: Double-sli expeime he sigle phoo level hp://

5 Ligh qu d iefeece: Double-sli expeime he sigle phoo level iefeece pe is o ye fomed AVG 00 f AVG f iefeece pe is cle is he sme s fo iese bem

6 Ligh qu d iefeece: Double-sli expeime he sigle phoo level How sigle picle go hough boh slis i Youg-ype iefeomee? R. Feym : Nobody kows, d is bes if you y o o hik bou i! R. Feym : Shu up d clcule!

7 Quum field obeys Mxwell equios Fo he sigle esoo mode: Ay field sucue c be expded i seies of ple uig wve Deecio of quized field by CCD o PMT lecic field of he quized field kz e e z i i si, 0 ω ω,,,,, e e ik i k k ik i k k ω ω phoo desucio phoo ceio I ~,,,

8 Two mecuy ios: iefeece expeime he sigle phoo level Io sepio 5.4 um Mecuy io 98 Hg, λ 94 m 6S / -6P / 4.3 um Lie Pul p, Lse coolig ~0 4 ph/sec, Posiio sesiive chode Sigle io s sigle sli Cle iefeece pe is obseved ichm e l., PRL 70, I g cos I k um

9 Iefeece expeime he sigle phoo level: xplied by usig of quum se B α Two oms e iefeomee slis : ech phoo is sceed by oe o ohe om [ ] k k I e e I g g g e e g ik ik k i i Γ >> 0 0 cos, 0 0, / 0 ψ ψ ψ ψ γ γ γ ψ ψ ichm e l., PRL 70, lso M.O.Scully book. Chpe 4.3 d.. g e γ i 98 Hg io

10 Usig hee omic levels s which-ph flg m J 0 π-polized ligh e g γ i Which om sceed he phoo c o be deemied! m J σ-polized ligh P / S / e g γ i Fil se of om diffes fom iiil oe. I piciple, we c disiguish, which om hs sceed phoo. Iefeece occus bewee Feym ph mpliudes. Y. Ahoov e l., Sciece 307,

11 Sigle pped B io: Iefeece he sigle phoo level Picue of he Pul p View hough micoscope Rig dimee. mm Bium io 38 B, λ 493 m Cicul Pul p, Lse coolig 0 4 ph/sec, PMT, CCD, see by eye mpliude ~ 35 m p fequecy ~ MHz

12 Bium io d i mio imge: xpeimel seup Isbuck Ui

13 Bium io d i mio imge: Iefeece he sigle phoo level View hough L wih mio J. sche e l., Nue 43,

14 Bium io d i mio imge: Iefeece of sigle phoo wih iself 493 m phoo cous i 0. s Mio shif m Gee figes: 7% cos Iefeece fom sigle phoo emissio eves I τ τ cosωτ g

15 Ligh qu d iefeece: Wh is he phoo? Wve o Picle?. Wve o picle? Boh ypes of behvio is ihee o quum mechics. Iefeece bewee Feym ph mpliudes 3. Possibiliy of deemiig he ph of sceed phoo desoys he iefeece

16 Will ideicl phoos iefee wih ech ohe?. Fo h pupose we eed deemiisic sigle phoo souce. Chceizio of he souce 3. Wh shll we sudy g o g, i.e. iefeece of fields o iesiies??

17 Coelio fucio fo sigle phoos PMT 493 m fom Sigle B io PMT g S Sop τ τ τ Time ievl coue o Coelo Numbe of eves Time ievl u

18 Phoo buchig d ibuchig

19 Aibuchig: Sigle B io T R Codicio o semi-clssicl esul: g 0 < Ligh bem cosiss of he sem of idividul phoos wih ime ievl of bou 0 s Diel Roe, PhD Thesis, Isbuck 008

20 NV-cees i dimod: Tiggeed sigle phoo souce NV-cee i dimod Pulsed exciio 53 m, ~ s Fluoescece 637 m, τ ~ 00 s Phoo sem Iefeece of mpliudes d iesiies Simuleous obsevio of boh iefeece ypes V.Jcques e l., PJD 35,

21 Wve-Picle duliy wih sigle phoos Iefeece pe is clely visible Imges fe 0, 00, 000 sec Show film o sudes! No coelio o coicidece dely 0 sec Sem of egul phoos egul

22 Sigle 85 Rb om i cviy: Tiggeed sigle phoo souce Sigle Rb om pssge fom MOT Phoo emissio vi Simuled Rm sceig STIRAP A. Kuh e l., Phys. Rev. Le 89,

23 Sigle 85 Rb om i cviy: Tiggeed sigle phoo souce bsese of coicidece PMT PMT

Derivative Securities: Lecture 7 Further applications of Black-Scholes and Arbitrage Pricing Theory. Sources: J. Hull Avellaneda and Laurence

Derivative Securities: Lecture 7 Further applications of Black-Scholes and Arbitrage Pricing Theory. Sources: J. Hull Avellaneda and Laurence Deivaive ecuiies: Lecue 7 uhe applicaios o Black-choles ad Abiage Picig heoy ouces: J. Hull Avellaeda ad Lauece Black s omula omeimes is easie o hik i ems o owad pices. Recallig ha i Black-choles imilaly