Background. F = 1 2 C Dρu 2 D. Major factors in destruction of buildings. Problems with measuring inland tsunami velocity. u D C D

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2 Background Major factors in destruction of buildings F = 1 2 C Dρu 2 D C D u D Problems with measuring inland tsunami velocity

3 Objective & Study Flow Improving tsunami inundation modeling with regard to tsunami inundation velocity in order to estimate destruction of building. Verification of Tsunami Inundation Modeling Development of New Roughness Coefficient Model

4 Study Area & Tsunami Video (c) NHK Fujitsuka Yuriage Kozukahara Sendai city Natori city

5 Methodology of Aerial Video Analysis Geometric Correction Measure Tsunami Velocity v p = x t Tsunami flood m v f = x t m 6 5 4

6 Measured Value of Tsunami Velocities Front Velocity [m/s] At Rice Field At Residential Area Flow Velocity [m/s] Distance from Coastline [m] Distance from Coastline [m] Front Velocity [m/s] At Rice Field At Residential Area Distance from Coastline [m]

7 Simulation of The 2011 Tohoku Tsunami Tsunami numerical modeling Tsunami run-up modeling conditions

8 Reproducibility of Tsunami Velocities Front Velocity [m/s] Case B (post-disaster) Case A (pre-disaster) Front Velocity [m/s] At Rice field At Residential area Distance from coastline Coastline [m] Distance from coastline Coastline [m]

9 Reproducibility of Tsunami Velocities Flow velocity Velocity [m/s] Measured Case B (post-disaster) Case A (pre-disaster) Distance from Coastline coastline [m] The pre-disaster condition was the most consistent to yield good estimates of tsunami front velocity. The reproducibility of tsunami flow velocity was quite good in the post-disaster condition.

10 Objective & Study Flow Improving tsunami inundation modeling with regard to tsunami inundation velocities in order to estimate building destruction. Verification of Tsunami Inundation Modeling Development of New Roughness Coefficient Model

11 Methodology of New Model The Time-dependent building destruction model T = t 1 Sea Land Tsunami fragility functions Damage Probability Wooden Steel RC Inundation Depth [m] 12 Reference values for structural destruction Land T = t 1 + Δt Sea The composite equivalent roughness coefficient Building

12 Methodology of New Model The Time-dependent building destruction model Calculating the number of buildings being simultaneously damaged from fragility curves Building T = t 1 Damage Probability Sendai city Natori city Sendai & Natori city Wooden Steel Wooden Steel RC Inundation Depth [m] P(x 1,, x i ) N N

13 Methodology of New Model The Time-dependent building destruction model Selecting devastated buildings by reference values for structural destruction h A C Tsunami Flow flow Building

14 Recent Progress of New Model Flow Velocity [m/s] Tsunami flow velocities 1000 Measured 1500 Measured New Model ( 2000 New model (Ave.) 2500 Distance from Coastline [m] Ave.) Flow Velocity [m/s] Time series data of flow velocity at F1 area Post-disaster Pre-disaster 4100 Measured (at 38 sec after flood) 4200 Elapsed Time [sec] New model

15 Recent Progress of New Model Distribution of devastated buildings (a) 'E Sendai Damage Inspection Washed-away Surviving (b) 'E Sendai Damage Inspection Washed-away Surviving 38 11'N 38 11'N Natori Natori m m

16 Summary Verification of Tsunami Inundation Modeling Development of New Roughness Coefficient Model