Wireless'Electromagne0cs' technology*

Transcription

1 Wireless'Electromagne0cs' technology* Internet Engineering (9 CFU) Electronic Engineering (6 CFU) Prof. Gaetano Marrocco Tel Wireless*Devices** in*a*networked*world*

2 Wireless*Devices** in*a*networked*world' Wireless*Infrastructures** Cellular and broadcasting communications hubs Indoor propagation Satellite communications

3 Scales' MACRO-scale MICRO-scale Shapes' Iphone 3G Iphone 4

4 Number' Very Large Array Placement'

5 Interac>ons' Environment*compliance* Painting the antenna with the same texture of the house walls Hiding the the BSE pylon by means of a giant artificial tree BSE hidden within a chimneypot-like cover for overthe building applications

6 Compliance*with** Historical*places* San Giovanni in Laterano (Roma) Panel antenna Cover 11 Representa>on* Computer Aided Electromagnetics Physical + Mathematics+ Computer Science

7 * Program*of*the*course* Modeling from sources to fields Design (synthesis) from field to sources * Program*of*the*course* 1. Antenna Basics (from the source to the e.m. field) 2. Canonical Antennas (dipoles, loops) 7. Broad band communications 8. High-gain communication (Satellite Links) 3. Computer Aided Electromagnetics 3 CFU 4. Space-Frequency Processing (Phased Arrays) 5. Antennas for Personal and Mobile Communications (Electronic Antennas) + Exercises: Theoretical Computer Simulator Experimental (lab) 6. Short-rage Identification and Sensing for Internet of Things (IoT) 6 CFU Guests: Past- alumni from Industry and Research

8 Textbooks* C. Balanis, Antenna Theory: analysis and design John Wiley & Sons, 1997 (ISBN ) R.E. Collin, Antennas and Radiowave Propagation McGraw-Hill, 1985, (ISBN ) Lecture notes (in Italian) Schedule* End lesson (6CFU): Christmas End lesson (9CFU): January Off-lesson explanations: Friday 16:00-17:00 Anyway Write me..

9 Exams* 1. Project (mandatory) 2. Oral Examinations I. February 9 II. February 25 EndEcourse*Project* Internet Engineering Computer model of a Base-Station Antenna for Mobile Communication Electronic Engineering Design of a miniaturized, broadband Patch antenna and fabrication (Optional)! To be completed before the end of the course

10 More*at* RadioEcommunica>on*Fathers* James Clerk Maxwell Mathematician, Physicist Scotland, (48y) Guglielmo Marconi, self Engineer, Physicist Italia/England, (63y) Physical-mathematical background Alan Turing, Mathematician Inghilterra, (42y) Wireless transmission Claude Shannon, Math&Engineer England, (96y) Automatic Computing Information Theory

11 Chronology' 1873 C. Maxwell unified electricity and electromagnetism H.R. Hertz developped the first electromagnetic systems comprising a spark generator transmitter (halfwave dipole), a receiver (loop) G. Marconi sent an electromagnetic signal along trans-oceanic distances by using a 50-wires array powered by a spark generator. A 200m long wire was used as receiving antenna High-gain antennas (Yagi-Uda) New wire antennas in the UHF band (300MHz-3GHz) II World War: microwave antennas up to 1 GHz (apertures, wave guides, reflectors). Chronology 1950 Broadband antennas for TV broadcasting (log-periodic a.) Computer-aided modeling and design (numerical methods and tools) Microstrip antennas: antennas on PCB Active and integrated antennas Miniaturized and multi-band antennas for mobile terminals Impulse-radiating antennas (demining, electronic warfare, biomedical imaging) 2000 New materials, smart antennas, RFID Sensor networks, bodycentric networks, wearable electronics, skin electronics, UAV, Internet of Things

12 Radia>on*basics Electromagnetic radiation is produced by accelerated charges or by time-varying currents P: radiated power q: electric charge v: charge velocity! NO RADIATION IN DC!!! Radia>on*basics* radia>on*by*twoeaccelerated*charges*along*a*dipole Radiation is mostly produced when charges are accelerated/ decelerated, e.g. in the middle (acc=0 and at tips ( acc max). A wave is radiated when the iso-line of the electric field become closed.

13 Radia>on*basics* The*Spark*transmiKer*of*Heinrich*Hertz** Technical*Ins>tute*of*Karlsruhe*(1886) 3. Electromagnetic waves create electric current in resonator, produces small spark in coil gap 2. Sparks produces electromagnetic waves H. Hertz 1. Induction coil produces high voltage Definition of Antenna A transducer converting electrons to photons and vice versa

14 Definition of Antenna