Bonding Web Practice. Trupia
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1 1. If the electronegativity difference between the elements in compound NaX is 2.1, what is element X? bromine fluorine chlorine oxygen 2. Which bond has the greatest degree of ionic character? H Cl Cl Cl I Cl K Cl 8. When sodium and fluorine combine to produce the compound NaF, the ions formed have the same electron configuration as atoms of argon, only neon, only both argon and neon neither argon nor neon 9. Given a formula for oxygen: Trupia 3. Which symbol represents a particle that has the same total number of electrons as S 2? O 2 Se 2 Si Ar 4. Which element has atoms with the greatest attraction for electrons in a chemical bond? beryllium lithium fluorine oxygen 5. Which atom will form the most polar bond with the greatest degree of ionic bonding when bonding with sodium? F I Cl Br 6. Which compound contains both ionic and covalent bonds? ammonia sodium nitrate methane potassium chloride 7. As 1 gram of sodium hydroxide dissolves in 100 grams of water, the conductivity of the solution decreases remains the same increases What is the total number of electrons shared between the atoms represented in this formula? Which pair of atoms will share electrons when a bond is formed between them? Ba and I K and Cl Br and Cl Li and I 11. Covalent bonds are formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another captured by the nucleus mobile within a metal shared between two atoms 12. A solid substance is an excellent conductor of electricity. The chemical bonds in this substance are most likely ionic, because the valence electrons are shared between atoms ionic, because the valence electrons are mobile metallic, because the valence electrons are stationary metallic, because the valence electrons are mobile
2 13. The ability to conduct electricity in the solid state is a characteristic of metallic bonding. This characteristic is best explained by the presence of high ionization energies high electronegativities mobile electrons mobile protons 14. Which substance will conduct electricity in both the solid phase and the liquid phase? AgCl H 2 Ag HCl 15. A certain substance is a poor conductor of electricity and has a high melting point. This substance is most likely CO 2 Cl 2 SiO 2 C 6 H 12 O Which is a property of network solids but not molecular solids? electrical insulators high melting points water soluble high malleability 17. Which compound is a network solid at STP? CO 2 SiC H 2 O NaH 18. Which molecule contains a nonpolar covalent bond? 19. Which type of bond exists between an atom of carbon and an atom of fluorine? ionic polar covalent metallic nonpolar covalent 20. The degree of polarity of a chemical bond in a molecule of a compound can be predicted by determining the difference in the melting points of the elements in the compound densities of the elements in the compound electronegativities of the bonded atoms in a molecule of the compound atomic masses of the bonded atoms in a molecule of the compound 21. Which combination of atoms can form a polar covalent bond? H and H N and N H and Br Na and Br 22. What type of bond exists in a molecule of hydrogen iodide? a polar covalent bond with an electronegativity difference of zero polar covalent bond with an electronegativity difference between zero and 1.7 a nonpolar covalent bond with an electronegativity difference of zero a nonpolar covalent bond with an electronegativity difference between zero and Which electron-dot diagram represents a molecule that has a polar covalent bond?
3 24. The bonds between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule are classified as polar covalent ionic nonpolar covalent metallic 25. When phosphorus and chlorine atoms combine to form a molecule of PCl 3, 6 electrons will form nonpolar covalent bonds polar covalent bonds ionic bonds hydrogen bonds 26. What type of bond exists in a molecule of iodine? ionic nonpolar covalent polar covalent metallic 30. Which statement explains why low temperature and high pressure are required to liquefy chlorine gas? Chlorine molecules have weak covalent bonds. Chlorine molecules have strong covalent bonds. Chlorine molecules have weak intermolecular forces of attraction. Chlorine molecules have strong intermolecular forces of attraction. 31. Which molecule is polar? 27. The chemical bond between which two atoms is most polar? C N S Cl H H Si O 28. Which molecule has an asymmetrical shape? N 2 Cl 2 NH 3 CCl Which molecule is polar and contains polar bonds? CCl 4 CO Which structural formula represents a polar molecule? N 2 NH Which formula represents a polar molecule containing polar covalent bonds? H 2 O NaCl CO 2 Cl 2
4 34. Which structural formula represents a polar molecule? 35. Which of these substances has the strongest intermolecular forces? H 2 O H 2 Se H 2 S H 2 Te 36. Hexane (C 6 H 14 ) and water do not form a solution. Which statement explains this phenomenon? Hexane is polar and water is nonpolar. Hexane is ionic and water is polar. Hexane is nonpolar and water is polar. Hexane is nonpolar and water is ionic. 37. Which molecule is nonpolar? H 2 O CO NH 3 CO Which formulas represent two polar molecules? CO 2 and HCl H 2 O and HCl CO 2 and CH 4 H 2 O and CH 4
5 39. Bromine is the only liquid nonmetallic element at room temperature. It is a heavy, mobile, reddish-brown liquid, volatilizing readily at room temperature to a red vapor with a strong disagreeable odor, resembling chlorine, and having a very irritating effect on the eyes and throat; it is readily soluble in water or carbon disulfide, forming a red solution, is less active than chlorine but more so than iodine; it unites readily with many elements and has a bleaching action; when spilled on the skin it produces painful sores. It presents a serious health hazard, and maximum safety precautions should be taken when handling it. a Draw the electron-dot diagram of a molecule of bromine, Br 2. b Why does bromine have properties resembling chlorine? 40. Base your answer to the following question on the information below. The particle diagrams below represent the reaction between two nonmetals, A 2 and Q 2. Identify the type of chemical bond between an atom of element A and an atom of element Q. 41. Draw a Lewis electron-dot diagram for a molecule of phosphorus trichloride, PCl Base your answer to the following question on the information below. Each molecule listed below is formed by sharing electrons between atoms when the atoms within the molecule are bonded together. 43. a) Draw the structural formula for H 2 O. b) Is this molecule polar or nonpolar? Explain your answer. Molecule A: Cl 2 Molecule B: CCl 4 Molecule C: NH 3 Explain why NH 3 has stronger intermolecular forces of attraction than Cl 2.
6 Answer Key [New Exam] molecules 3 that attract each other. NH 3 has an unshared pair of electrons around the center atom NH 3 is capable of hydrogen bonding unequal distribution of electrons in strong attraction b It is in the same group with the same number 7 valence (outer) electrons. 40. Examples: polar covalent covalent 41. The angle of atom arrangements may vary. 42. Examples: NH 3 has polar 43. b) polar. The molecule is bent and asymmetrical. The oxygen atom shown at the top will be partially negative and the hydrogen ends at the bottom partially positive.
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