From treating waste to producing renewable energy - The Swedish Biogas Industry. Jean Bernard Collin London, 21 May 2007

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1 From treating waste to producing renewable energy - The Swedish Biogas Industry Jean Bernard Collin London, 21 May

2 SWECO The Nordic region s leading provider of consulting services in the fields of engineering, environmental technology and architecture 4,200 employees in 9 countries 430 million EuR Annual sales* 25,000 assignments/year 6,000 clients *2006 The SWECO share is listed on the Stockholm Stock Exchang

3 International operations Assignments in more than 80 countries since 1903 Increased international presence Volume: 40 per cent of the Group s total business Ongoing assignments in 45 countries Examples of countries where SWECO has carried out assignments in the past three years

4 SWECO offers support in the whole SWM chain Biogas production and upgrading to biomethane quality Advise on SWM Biological treatment Plans, policies and programmes Collection and analysis of base data Feasibility studies and other pre-investment studies Project management Design, Procurement and Supervision Training courses and transfer of know-how

5 Content 1- Historical perspective 2- Statistics 3- Drivers for Biogas Development 4- Biogas potential 5- Biogas as fuel for vehicles 6- Biogas actors

6 Historical perspective - Interest for biogas as fuel since end of 1980 s - Linköping 1993: upgrading and filling station (pilot plants) 5 busses - Trollhättan 1996 (full scale) - Stockholm,Uppsala, Göteborg - Kalmar, Jönköping, Kristianstad, Eslöv, Laholm, Helsingborg, - Northern part of Sweden: Skellefteå, Boden

7 Statistic: Biogas Production in Sweden 2005 WWTP Landfill Co-digestion Farm Industry Source

8 Statistic: Utilisation of biogas in Sweden 2005 Nat. Gas grid Info. missing Heating Internal use Vehicle fuel Torch Electricity Source

9 Statistic: Fuel gas sold in Sweden 2005 knm3/yr NG Biogas Total

10 Statistic: Gas filling stations in Sweden 2005 Units Buss Public Total

11 Statistic: Gas driven vehicles sold in Sweden 2005 Units Heavy Busses Cars Total

12 Why CBG? Climate Reliable supply Sustainable growth Local environment Sustainable waste handling Sustainable farming Involves the population Synergy with hydrogen

13 Drivers for an increased biogas production Political objective to reduce the dependency of petroleum through increased use of biofuels Environmental objectives: air quality Landfill ban on organic waste objective: 35 % of food waste to biological treatment Incineration tax Interest from farmers for energy crops Recirculation of nutrients

14 Biogas Production From known to new technique. Digestion of sludge since Industrial and slaughterhouse waste since Household waste since Crops first digestion plant Future 1: By-products of ethanol plant (stillage) & biodiesel plant (glycerol). Future 2: iogasification

15 Promote interaction City and Country side Local Sustainable Agriculture Waste Transport Energi

16 VÄXTKRAFT PROJECT IN VÄSTERÅS Source: Vaxtkraft

17 VÄXTKRAFT PROJECT IN VÄSTERÅS Investment: 17 M EURO Source: Vaxtkraft

18 VÄXTKRAFT PROJECT IN VÄSTERÅS Example: 100 GWh plant Lay: ton area: 5500 ha Source: Vaxtkraft

19 VÄXTKRAFT PROJECT IN VÄSTERÅS Source: Vaxtkraft

20 VÄXTKRAFT PROJECT IN VÄSTERÅS Source: Vaxtkraft

21 GoBiGas Gothemburg Biomass Gasification Transform 140 MW of low grade iomass (ex: forestry residues) to biogas, with an efficiency of 0-70% Biogas distributed to end onsumers via the natural gas rid Variety of applications: vehicles, dustrial purposes and electricity roduction Waste heat for district heating: e total efficiency of the plant will e approximately 90 %. 170 M EUROS Operation start 2012

22 Number of Biogas Plants in Sweden Type of plant Wastewater Treatment Plants Today 139 Future Biogas plants (source separated waste) Biogas plants at farms 15 7 Industrial plants (ex. i connected to etanol production) 4

23 Substrate Treated in Biogas Plants By-products from Forest Industry Agriculture (manure & crops) Food Waste (household, restaurants & stores) Industrial waste (slaughterhouse, brewery, dairy etc.) Sludge from Wastewater

24 Biogas Potential in Sweden 2005 biogas production: 1,3 TWh The biogas potential is estimated at TWh Used as vehicle fuel it would Replace ca 1,5 miljoner m 3 diesel/year Avoid ca 4 miljoner ton CO 2 /yr

25 PLANTS FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION Trollhättan - sewage and fish waste Kalmar - sewage, manure and slaughter waste Kil - House hold waste Karlstad - sewage and household waste

26 Biogas Treatment Quality fuel Swedish standard First upgrading plant biogas upgrading plants Different techniques - Water scrubber - PSA - Selexol - COOAB - Membrane

27 Biogas Treatment - Suppliers

28 Distribution Biogas grid Naturgas grid Gas trailer Mobil gas containers Back-up LNG

29 Filling stations

30 Vision - Localisation of biogas plants Local conditions and logistics are crucial parameters for extension od the system 5 2 Biogas grid 4 Biogas plant placed closed to raw material Stockholm Size of plant limited by transport cost A number of biogas plants establishment successively Stepwise extension of gas pipes for biomethane 3 1 Natural gas grid Biogas plant Connection to natural gas system 6

31 Biogas - Competence in Sweden 15 years of experience Industrial scale 240 biogas plants (1,4 TWh) 25 CBG plants (160 GWh) 60 filling stations NGV Differents techniques available: known and new The whole chain from raw material to biomethane -> many actors incl. Municipal companies

32 Biogas - Competence in Sweden International recognition California Sweden: Memorandum of understanding on renewable fuels and energy (June 2006) USA Ambassador in Stockholm has presented in April 2007 to US Clean Tech investors 30 promising Swedish companies. At least 4 in biogas sector: - Bioprocess Control Sweden AB - Karlskoga Biofuels AB - Läckeby Water Group - Scandinavian Biogas and Fuel AB (here today) Californian s Calstart Swedish trip, June 2004

33 Sludge from WWTP DIGESTER Degradation without oxygen GAS HOLDER Biogas = methane-carbon dioxide CO2 CH4 Organic waste from Household & food industry Purification extracts the carbon dioxide from the gas Gas line Gas line FILLING STATION Gas driven buses & cars

34 Some Actors of Biogas Development in Sweden Type Actor Government agencies: energy, transportation, environmental protection Grants LIP, KLIMP Swedish Energy Agency energimyndigheten.se Swedish EPA - naturvardsverket.se Swedish Institute of Agricultural and

35 Some Actors of Biogas Development in Sweden Type Actor Municipal authorities: energy, transportation, environmental protection Solid waste companies Waste water treatment companies Gothemburg, Västerås, Linköping, Stockholm, etc. Renova, Vafab, nsr, ETC. Stockholm vatten

36 Some Actors of Biogas Development in Sweden Farmers Biogas plant operators: AD, biogas upgrading, gas transport, fuelling station Local transportation companies Gaseous Fuel providers Biogas/NG Car makers (light & heavy vehicles) LRF (average dairy farm: 40 cows) Lantmännen Biogas Väst, Växtkraft, Svensk biogas, Stockholm Vatten Fordonsgas Väst (refueling stations) Gas transport: AGA gas SL (Stockholm), Östgöta trafik, Västmanlands lokaltrafik (VL), Taxi companies, etc. Göteborg Energi (buy and inject biogas in town gas grid), E.ON (refueling stations, mobile gas storage trailer), Fordonsgas i Sverige AB, Svensk Biogas i Linköping AB, Svensk Växtkraft AB, NSR, Öresundskraft AB, Kalmar Vatten & Renhållning AB, Jönköpings kommun, Eskilstuna Energi & Miljö AB, Lunds Energi, Borås Stad, Lilla Edets kommun, etc VOLVO Stadspartner (Conversion to biogas)

37 Some Actors of Biogas Development in Sweden Biogas technology provider: AD, biogas upgrading, gas transport, fuelling station Biogas know-how provider Läckeby Water / Purac (AD and biogas upgrading plants) Malmbergs Water (biogas upgrading and refuelings tations) YIT Vatten och Miljöteknik Flotech SWECO, ÅF, Scandinavian Biogas, Biomil, LRF Konsult, JTI, Other providers Universities biogas research Opti-bag, Sop-sug (Source separation of Household Waste) Styrud (horizontal digging) Lund (biogas process, conversion and system analysis), Linköping (digestion process for energy crop), Swedish Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering (JTI)

38 Some Actors of Biogas Development in Sweden Other Swedish Biogas Association Grönabilister, Miljöfordon, etc. Swedish Gas Center sgc.se Federation of Swedish Farmers (LRF) lrf.se Swedish Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering (JTI) jti.se

39 Some business actors involved in the development of the Swedish Biogas Industry (biogas as fuel) Int l develop. Biogas upgrading Vehicles Läckeby Water lackebywater.se Malmberg Water malmberg.se YIT Vatten och Miljöteknik yit.se Flotech flotech.com Volvo Personal Car, Bus volvocars.com, volvo.com; Conversion techique - tekniskaverken.se/stadspartner Engineering Consulting scandinavianbiogas.se, swedishbiogas.se sweco.se, af.se, jti.se konsult.lrf.se, biomil.se

40 Now summarizing The technique is functionning Biogas is adapted to dedicated fleets such as bus. Good start (1 client, limited infrastructure). Lowest emissions. The technique is adapted to sludge, manure Excellent possibilities for by-products from ethanol, biodiesel plants. Large industrial plants. Even crops. Energy efficiency is higher than ethanol. Sustainable agriculture (rotation of crops, fertilizer) Biogas: locally produced, jobs, secured delivery, etc.

41 Thank you! What about a study trip to Sweden? JEAN.COLLIN@SWECO.SE Extension of Bromma WWTP biogas facility in Stockholm (completion 2008). Main technical Consultant: SWECO; Machine supplier: PURAC