WWH-OBD The Road Less Traveled. World Wide Harmonization of On-Board Diagnostics
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1 WWH-OBD The Road Less Traveled World Wide Harmonization of On-Board Diagnostics Greg Potter, Director Automotive Division DG TECHNOLOGIES 23 rd October,
2 Agenda Ø Regulatory requirements for an OBD Scan-Tool Ø Functional requirements of US13 and EU6 based on SAE J1979, SAE J1939 and ISO Ø Communication concepts of J1979, J1939 and ISO Ø Related standards and layer hierarchy of J1979, J1939 and ISO Ø Introduction into ISO WWH-OBD Ø OBD related standards for ISO Ø Comparison of functions and data of SAE J1979, SAE J1939 and ISO Ø Characteristics of the fault memory in WWH-OBD Ø Summary 2 2
3 Regulatory requirements (1) California Code Regulation Malfunction and Diagnostic System Requirements for 2004 and Subsequent Model-Year Passenger Cars, Light-Duty Trucks, and Medium-Duty Vehicles and Engines (OBD II) (3) Communications to a Scan Tool (3.1) SAE J1850 (3.2) ISO (3.3) ISO (3.4) ISO required on all 2008 and subsequent model year vehicles. All required emission-related messages using this protocol shall use a 500 kbps baud rate. (4) Required Emission Related Functions... shall be implemented in accordance with the specifications in SAE J1979 to allow for access to the required information by a scan tool meeting SAE J1978 specifications. 3
4 Regulatory requirements (2) California Code Regulation On-Board Diagnostic System Requirements for 2010 and Subsequent Model-Year Heavy- Duty Engines (HD OBD). (3) Communications to a Scan Tool (3.1) ISO All required emission-related messages using this protocol shall use a 500 kbps baud rate. (3.2) SAE J1939 This protocol may only be used on vehicles with diesel engines. (4) Required Emission Related Functions... shall be implemented in accordance with the specifications in SAE J1979 or SAE J1939 to allow for access to the required information by a scan tool meeting SAE J1978 specifications or designed to communicate with an SAE J1939 network. 4
5 Regulatory requirements (3) UN/ECE Regulation Nr. 83/2008 Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the emission of pollutants according to engine fuel requirements Annex 11 Appendix 1 Section 6.5 Diagnostic signals One of the following standards with the restrictions as described must be used as the on-board to off-board communications link: a) SAE J1850 b) ISO c) ISO d) ISO
6 Regulatory requirements (4) UN/ECE Regulation Nr. 49/2008 emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from compression-ignition engines for use in vehicles, and the emission of gaseous pollutants from positive-ignition engines fuelled with natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas for use in vehicles Annex 9B (WWH-OBD, GTR Nr. 5) Access to OBD information Access to OBD information shall be provided using, at least one of the following series of standards mentioned in Appendix 6: a) ISO (CAN-Bus) b) ISO (TCP/IP) c) SAE J Annex 9A Test equipment and diagnostic tools needed to communicate with OBD systems shall meet or exceed the functional specification given in ISO or SAE J paragraph Footnote refers to ISO
7 Regulatory requirements (5) Required standards for diagnostic communication protocols: CCR (LD): SAE J1979 CCR (HD): SAE J1979 or SAE J1939 UN/ECE Regulation No. 83/2008 (LD): ISO (SAE J1979) UN/ECE Regulation No. 49/2008 (HD): ISO SAE J Conclusion: In the future a Generic Scan-Tool must support all 3 standards SAE J1979, SAE J1939 and ISO
8 Functional requirements (1) Functional requirements for an OBDII Scan-Tool according to CCR and CCR Readiness Status - Data Stream - Freeze Frame - Fault Codes (pending, confirmed, permanent) - Test Results - Vehicle Information (CALID, CVN, VIN, ECUNAME, ESN) - In-Use Performance Ratio Tracking - Engine Run Time Tracking 8 8
9 Functional requirements (2) Required CCR functions using SAE J Readiness Status SID 01 PID 01, PID 41 - Data Stream SID 01 - Freeze Frame SID 02 - Fault Codes SID 03, 07, 0A - Test Results SID 05, 06 - Vehicle Information SID 09 - In-Use Performance Ratio Tracking SID 09 INFOTYPE 08, 0B - Engine Run Time Tracking info SID
10 Functional requirements (3) Required CCR functions using SAE J Readiness Status DM5, DM26 - Data Stream Subset of J Freeze Frame DM24, DM25 - Fault Codes DM1, DM6, DM12, DM23, DM28, DM29 - Test Results DM7, DM30 - Vehicle Information DM19, VI - In-Use Performance Ratio Tracking DM20 - Engine Run Time Tracking DM
11 OBD II Scan Tool Comparison of services used by the different standards SAE J Services SID 1 to SID A (Service ID) SAE J Services of DM 01 to DM 52 (Diagnostic Message) required data stream parameters from J ISO UDS* Services plus parameters ReadDataByIdentifier SID $22 ReadDTCInformation SID $19 ClearDiagnosticInformation SID $14 RoutineControl SID $31 Ø Consistent concept for presentation and storage of data necessary Ø Classification of user functions according to regulatory requirements Ø *UDS Unified Diagnostic Services ISO
12 Architecture of an OBD Scan-Tool 12 12
13 Related Standards for SAE J1979 / ISO The SAE J1979 / ISO set includes the communication between the vehicles s OBD System and test equipment implemented across vehicles within the scope of the legislated emissions-related OBD
14 Related Standards for SAE J1939 J1939 RP for Serial Control and Communications Vehicle Network J J J J J J J J J On Board Diagnos-cs Implementa-on Guide Physical Layer Shielded Twisted Pair with Drain Diagnos-c Connector (9 Pins) Physical Layer Twisted Pair Data Link Layer Applica-on Layer Applica-on Layer, Diagnos-cs Network Management OBD Communica-ons Compliance Test Cases For Heavy Duty Vehicles 14 14
15 SAE J1939 OSI Layer Model 15 15
16 SAE J1939 Abbreviations (1) ACL BAM DM DP DTC EDP FMI NACK PDU PG PGN SLOT SPN Address Claiming Broadcast Announce Message Diagnos-c Message Data Page Diagnos-c Trouble Code Extended Data Page Failure Mode Iden-fier Nega-ve Acknowledgement Protocol Data Unit Parameter Group Parameter Group Number Scaling, Limit, Offset & Transfer func-on Suspect Parameter Number 16 16
17 Related Standards for ISO ISO Road vehicles Implementation of WWH- OBD communication requirements - Part 1: General information and use case definition - Part 2: Common data dictionary - Part 3: Common message dictionary - Part 4: Connection between vehicle and test equipment - Part 5: Conformance test - Part 6: External test equipment 17 17
18 ISO WWH-OBD ISO Implementation of World-Wide Harmonized On-Board Diagnostics (WWH-OBD) communication requirements ISO is intended to become the single communication standard to access vehicle OBD-related information (VOBD) 18 18
19 Comparison of Initialization routines J1979: - Service ID (SID) 01, 02, 06,08,09: ID $00, ID $20, ID $40, J1939: - DM5 Diagnostic Readiness 1, Monitor status since DTCs cleared - DM24 SPN Support of Data Stream, Test Results and Freeze Frame ISO (WWH-OBD): ReadDataByIdentifier, DIDs with support information - $F400, $F420, $F440, - $F600, $F620, $F640, - $F800, $F820, $F840, 19 19
20 ISO WWH-OBD OSI Layers
21 ISO WWH-OBD OSI Layers
22 Introduction into ISO WWH-OBD (1) ISO Communication protocol - Session layer uses UDS-protocol ISO in newer ECUs quite often already implemented - DoCAN (Diagnostics over CAN) uses ISO CAN protocol usually already implemented for OBD on CAN - Alternatively ISO DoIP (Diagnostics over IP) can be used as transport layer 22 22
23 Introduction into ISO WWH-OBD (2) ISO Data objects - Mapping of SAE J1979 Identifiers to Legacy Identifiers in ISO SID 01 PID 00 to FF " LPID F400 to F4FF SID 06 MID 00 to FF " LMID F600 to F6FF SID 09 INFOTYPE 02 (VIN) " LITID F802 Interpretation of data objects equal to SAE J Mapping of parameter groups (PGN) from SAE J1939 to Identifiers in ISO Supplemental Unified Identifiers are specified for ISO Encoding of Diagnostic trouble codes in ISO DTC according to SAE J2012 / ISO SPN according to SAE J Unified DTC 23 23
24 Comparison reading fault codes SAE J1979 SAE J1939 ISO Pending DTC, Class A, B1, B2, C Mode 7 DM 06 DM 41, DM 44, DM 47, DM 50 ReadDTCInforma-on + StatusMask + SeverityMask Confirmed/Ac-ve DTC (MIL on), Class A, B1, B2, C Mode 3 DM 12 DM 42, DM 45, DM 48, DM 51 ReadDTCInforma-on + StatusMask + SeverityMask Previously Ac-ve DTC (MIL off), Class A, B1, B2, C Mode 3 DM 23 DM 43, DM 46, DM 49, DM 52 ReadDTCInforma-on + StatusMask + SeverityMask Permanent DTC Mode A DM Poten-al DTC??? 24 24
25 Reading Fault Codes with SAE J
26 Reading Fault Codes with SAE J
27 Reading Fault Codes with ISO
28 Summary The J1979 and J1939 communication concepts are completely different The approach to OBD is also different (due to the different communication concepts) but provides the same result ISO WWH-OBD adapts both the J1979 and the J1939 standard ISO covers both the US and EU requirements The main difference between the US and the EU requirements for HD trucks is the fault memory manager and the affected output of the DTC information ISO27145 and J1979 use the same CAN communication layer ISO
29 Quote to ponder.. The good thing about standards is that there are so many to choose from Keith Kreft ISO15031 ISO22900 J1939-? ISO14229 ISO J2534 J2534 ISO ISO13400 J1850 and J
30 Questions Thank you for your aben-on 30 30
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