Spanish American War. Mr. Mulholland. Tulpehocken HS 1

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1 Spanish American War Mr. Mulholland Tulpehocken HS 1

2 Overview Causes Leaders Timeline-Events Maps Cartoons Evaluation Tulpehocken HS 2

3 Causes of Spanish American War Imperialism Social Darwinism- Activity Yellow Journalism Militarism Industrial Revolution World Power (land) Tulpehocken HS 3

4 Imperialism The policy of extending a nation's authority by territorial acquisition or by the establishment of economic and political control over other nations Tulpehocken HS 4

5 Social Darwinism The application of Darwinism to the study of human society, specifically a theory in sociology that individuals or groups achieve advantage over others as the result of genetic or biological superiority. Tulpehocken HS 5

6 Yellow Journalism Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers. Tulpehocken HS 6

7 Militarism 1.Glorification of the ideals of a professional military class 2. A policy in which military preparedness is of primary importance to a state Tulpehocken HS 7

8 Industrial Revolution The complex of radical socioeconomic changes, such as the ones that took place in England in the late 18th century, that are brought about when extensive mechanization of production systems results in a shift from home-based hand manufacturing to large-scale factory production Tulpehocken HS 8

9 World Power Need for new markets to sell goods More land to get raw materials Keep up with European Powers Goals of leadership Tulpehocken HS 9

10 To Hell with Spain Remember the Maine At 9:40pm on February 15, 1898, the battleship U.S.S. Maine exploded in Havana Harbor 268 men were killed, shocking the American population What or who caused this explosion? _am/02_maine.html Tulpehocken HS 10

11 Waiting for the Facts Who is waiting? Why should we wait for the facts? Why might the United States want to go to war? What positive effects or outcomes could come from a war with Spain? Tulpehocken HS 11

12 Leaders William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt George Dewey William Randolph Hearst General Weyler The Butcher Emilio Aguinaldo Tulpehocken HS 12

13 William McKinley, Jr. ( ) 25 th President Wanted to avoid war in Cuba Yellow journalism and public supported war In April 1898, President McKinley abandoned his failed diplomatic efforts and asked Congress for permission to intervene in Cuba. Tulpehocken HS 13

14 Theodore Roosevelt Assistant Secretary of the Navy. I should welcome almost any war, for I think this country needs one First Volunteer Cavalry, nicknamed the "Rough Riders. Stop, drop, that s how rough riders roll..(dmx) Tulpehocken HS 14

15 Commodore George Dewey May 1, 1899 Commodore Dewey and his Asiatic Squadron defeated the Spanish fleet in Manila Bay During and after the war, George Dewey became one of the war's most celebrated heroes Tulpehocken HS 15

16 William Randolph Hearst Newspaper publisher and leading example of yellow journalism New York Journal started a public hysteria for war with Spain by publishing incendiary articles and illustrations Hearst once said "You provide the pictures and I'll provide the war." Tulpehocken HS 16

17 General Weyler The Butcher In 1896, the Spanish sent "The Butcher," to Cuba To prevent the insurrectos Weyler built concentration camps in which he imprisoned a large portion of the population Under the harsh and unsanitary conditions in the concentration camps, Cuban prisoners died rapidly, especially from disease Tulpehocken HS 17

18 Emilio Aguinaldo The Philippines' revolutionary leader Fought first against Spanish imperialism After the end of the Spanish- American War, fought against American Tulpehocken HS 18

19 Events-Timeline 1895: Cuban nationalists revolt against Spanish rule 1896: Spanish General Weyler (the "Butcher") comes to Cuba. 1897: Spain recalls Weyler Early 1898: USS Maine sent to Cuba February 9, 1898: Hearst publishes Dupuy du Lome's letter insulting McKinley. Tulpehocken HS 19

20 Tulpehocken HS 20

21 Sensational Journalism or Yellow Journalism Activity Screaming newspaper headlines about the situation in Cuba in the 1890s helped fan the flames of war by influencing public opinion in the United States Research current headlines aimed at selling newspapers -- rather than telling honest stories --look at newsstands and in supermarket checkout lines Research some of the headlines and stories published in the World and the Journal in the 1890s and compare these with the headlines found in modern tabloid papers How are they similar and/or different? Are any stories more or less harmful than others? Tulpehocken HS 21

22 Tulpehocken HS 22

23 Quiz-1 pts each 1. List 3 causes of the Spanish American War 2. What ship sunk to start the war? 3. Who was the President in 1898? 4. Who was the Assistant Sec. of Navy 5. What role did Yellow Journalism play in the Spanish American War Tulpehocken HS 23

24 Foxborough History Department 24

25 Tulpehocken HS 25

26 Spanish Politeness Who is holding the knife? Name the ship Is this an example of Yellow Journalism? Explain Tulpehocken HS 26

27 Events- Timeline February 15, 1898: Sinking of the USS Maine February 25, 1898: Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt cables Commodore Dewey with plan: attack the Philippines if war with Spain breaks out April 11, 1898: McKinley approves war with Spain April 24, 1898: Spain declares war on the US April 25, 1898: US declares war on Spain Tulpehocken HS 27

28 Let go of him McKinley Who is McKinley holding? Who is being attacked? What is the message to the public in 1898? Tulpehocken HS 28

29 Events-Timeline May 1, 1898: Battle of Manila Bay (Philippines) May, 1898: July 1, 1898: San Juan Hill taken by "Rough Riders" July 3, 1898: Battle of Santiago - Spain's Caribbean fleet destroyed. July 7, 1898: Hawaii annexed July 17, 1898: City of Santiago surrenders to General William Shafter August 12, 1898: Spain signs armistice August 13, 1898: US troops capture Manila Tulpehocken HS 29

30 Tulpehocken HS 30

31 July 1, 1898: San Juan Hill taken by "Rough Riders" Tulpehocken HS 31

32 Events- Timeline December 10, 1898: Treaty of Paris signed - US annexes Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines for $20 million. January 23, 1899: Philippines declares itself an independent republic - Led by Emilio Auginaldo, the self-declared Filipino government fights a guerilla war against the US that lasts longer than the Spanish-American War itself. February 6, 1899: the Treaty of Paris passes in the Senate 1900: Foraker Act - Some self-government allowed in Puerto Rico Tulpehocken HS 32

33 Events-Timeline March 1901: Emilio Auginaldo captured. 1901: Platt Amendment-Cuban government could not enter any foreign agreement, allows two naval bases in Cuba and U.S can intervene when necessary 1902: US withdraws from Cuba 1917: Puerto Ricans given US citizenship Tulpehocken HS 33

34 Map Foxborough History Department 34

35 Results of the Spanish American War Treaty of Paris signed on December 10, 1898 ended the Spanish- American War Cuba went free, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines were ceded to the US, and the US agreed to pay Spain an indemnity of $20 million America becomes a world power Tulpehocken HS 35

36 Quiz-Question s Who am I? 2. What was my role in the Spanish American War? 3. What was the nickname of my voluntary Calvary? Tulpehocken HS 36

37 Quiz-Questions What role did Yellow Journalism play in the war? 5. What ship blew up that sparked the war? 6. Who was the President during the Spanish American War? Tulpehocken HS 37

38 Question 7 7. What hill is being taken by T.R and the Rough Riders? Tulpehocken HS 38

39 Question 8 8. Who am I? Hint the Admiral in Philippines Tulpehocken HS 39

40 Short Answers Do you think there is any such thing as a "splendid little war"? What other wars might some people remember as "splendid little" ones? Who might think these wars were not so splendid? Who usually suffers most in a war? Who has to bear the long-term effects of a war? What responsibilities does the press have in terms of how it reports news stories? What are the short-term benefits of exaggerating or fabricating stories to make exciting headlines? What might be some long-term benefits of adhering to the truth? Tulpehocken HS 40

41 How We Got Hawaii Tulpehocken HS 41

42 Bayonet Constitution Planters forced King Kalakaua to sign a constitution which gave the planters, led by Sanford Dole, control of the islands Hawaii had already leased Pearl Harbor to the US for fueling Tulpehocken HS 42

43 Queen Liliuokalani Strong nationalist Hawaii is for Hawaiians Dole proclaimed Hawaii a republic Requested annexation Queen Lil kept throne but lost all power Tulpehocken HS 43

44 Work Cited Timeline- Sparknotes Other Web Sites- PBS Movie web site Small Planets Pictures 8&oe=UTF-8&q= Tulpehocken HS 44

Becoming a World Power. The Imperialist Vision. Imperialism (cont) 1872-1912. Americans wanted to develop overseas markets

Becoming a World Power. The Imperialist Vision. Imperialism (cont) 1872-1912. Americans wanted to develop overseas markets Becoming a World Power 1872-1912 The Imperialist Vision Imperialism economic and political domination of a strong nation over a weaker one Became popular with countries in Europe Imperialism (cont) Protectorates