Multi-K Potassium Nitrate is superior to Potassium Sulfate (SOP)
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1 Multi-K Potassium Nitrate is superior to Potassium Sulfate (SOP)
2 Multi-K vs. SOP Summary Nutritional value Solubility Compatibility K-accompanying anion Reaction in water Nutritional value Multi-K potassium nitrate Two Macronutrients (N & K). Typical N contents in plants is 3-5% (DW) Very high Compatible with All fertilizers NO 3 - plays major roles in the plant and soil No reaction in water Two Macronutrients (N & K). Typical N contents in plants is 3-5% (DW) SOP One macro nutrient - K One secondary nutrient - S Typical S contents in plants is % (DW) Moderate Incompatible with Ca fertilizers SO 4 2- has very limited functions Reacts with Ca ++ and may clog emitters One macro nutrient - K One secondary nutrient - S Typical S contents in plants is % (DW)
3 Multi-K vs. SOP Nutritional Composition Nutrients K 2 O (%) N (%) Sulfate (%) Chloride (%) Multi-K potassium nitrate Potassium & Nitrogen 46% 13% None % SOP Potassium & sulfate 50 54% None 18% 0.4 2% ph (1g fert./l water) EC (1g fert. /L water) Most products:8-9 Multi-K Absolute: ds/m ds/m
4 Multi-K vs. SOP Chemical properties Chemical compound Other names Molecular formula Multi-K potassium nitrate Potassium nitrate Saltpeter, Nitrate of potash KNO 3 SOP Potassium sulfate Potassium sulphate K 2 SO 4 Molar mass Density Melting point g/mol 1 g/cm3 (16 C) 334 C g/mol 1.1 g/cm C
5 Example of different SOP (potassium sulfate) grades SOP Fine powder SOP Granular SOP Powder Low-chloride SOP Powder Mean K 2 O 50.9% 50.3% 50.3% 50.5% Mean SO % 52.6% 52.6% 53.8% Mean Cl 0.6% 2.1% 2.1% 0.4% Sieve analysis 85% < 0.30mm 90% between 1.60mm & 4.5mm 97% < 1.65mm (Tyler 10) 96% < 1.65mm (Tyler 10 ) SOP may contain a marked level of detrimental chloride (Cl - )
6 g / liter water Multi-K vs. SOP Water-solubility Multi-K Temp. 0 C SOP
7 Multi-K vs. SOP Dissolution rate Dissolution of 10% solution, stirring speed: 65 rpm Conductivity (ms/cm) Multi-K SOP Time (seconds) Multi-K dissolves faster than SOP
8 Multi-K vs. SOP Nutrients ratio SOP - Nutrients ratio is 1:1 SO 4 /K 2 O whereas plant requirement ratio is 1:20 SO 4 /K 2 O. The excessive SO 4 may lead to accumulation of soil sulfate, soil acidification & osmotic pressure buildup. Multi K - Nutrients ratio is 1:3.5 NO 3 /K 2 O Contains only major nutrients N & K which plant needs the most. Multi K S ( SO 4 ): Nutrients ratio is 1:8.5 SO 4 /K 2 O improved nutrients ratio which better comply with plants needs.
9 Multi-K vs. SOP Effect on soil properties Multi-K SOP NO 3 - K + NO 3 - NO 3 - K + K + SO 4 2- K + SO 4 2- H + K + H + K + H + SO 4 2- K + and NO 3 - are absorbed at similar rates Multi-K has a minor effect on soil ph K + is absorbed faster than SO 2-4 H + is excreted to balance electrical charges. In light soils and soilless culture SOP may markedly acidify the growing medium to harmful levels of ph
10 Multi-K vs. SOP Chemistry SOP hinders uptake of essential cations SOP + ammonium fertilizers leads to: Drop of soil ph Reduced uptake of K +, Ca +2, Mg +2, and other cations
11 Multi-K vs. SOP Chemistry Multi-K = positive interactions with other ions: Reduced uptake of detrimental chloride Nitrate-nitrogen minimizes uptake of chloride when this anion is present in the soil or in the irrigation water. Better uptake of essential cations Nitrate-nitrogen promotes the uptake of essential cations such as: K +, Ca 2+, NH 4+, Mg 2+.
12 Multi-K vs. SOP Chemistry The nitrate in Multi-K counteracts the harmful effect of the chloride Relieving chloride toxicity in avocado leaves by increasing nitrate concentration in irrigation water containing 16 mm Cl
13 Multi-K vs. SOP Salinity Heavy fertilization with SOP leads to: Soil acidification & salinity buildup Degradation of soil structure Root scorching Accumulation of soil sulfate Fertilization with Multi-K potassium nitrate Efficient uptake prevents salinity buildup Nitrate counteracts the effects of chloride Potassium counteracts the effects of sodium
14 Multi-K vs. SOP Compatibility Mixing SOP with calcium fertilizers can result in the precipitation of calcium sulfate in the fertilization tank.
15 Multi-K vs. SOP Chemical interactions K + K + NO 3 - SO 4 2- Ca 2+ Ca 2+ K + SO 2- K + 4 NO - 3 SO 2-4 Ca 2+ K + SO 2- NO NO - 3 K + Ca 2+ SO 4 2- Ca 2+ SO 4 2- Ca 2+ SO 4 2- Ca 2+ SO 4 2- Calcium in water + SOP = Precipitation of calcium sulfate and clogging of drippers.
16 Trials prove that Multi-K is a superior K source
17 Multi-K vs. SOP: Carrot Comparison of different K carriers applied by side-dressing at constant N+K rates Location: Nord Picardie, France Sowing date: 14/4/2000 Irrigation: water cannons Treatments: N kg/ha P 2 O 5 K 2 O Application SOP + AN Multi-K Mg Side-dressing At 108 days after seeding
18 Ton/ha Multi-K vs. SOP: Carrot yield results SOP Multi-K Mg 60 Total yield roots>35mm roots>35mm, clean
19 Multi-K vs. SOP: Carrot yield quality SOP Multi-K Mg % rotting % "forked" % D.M. D.M. Ton/ha The differences between the treatments are highly significant: P<0.01%
20 Multi-K vs. SOP: Processing tomatoes Comparison of base-dressed K- carriers Location: Debrecen, Hungary Cultivar: Kecskemeti Jubileum Treatments: Fertilizer (Kg / ha) K 2 O kg/ha Application Control SOP + N K: base-dressing in Fall, prior to planting Multi-K N: side-dressing Multi-K
21 :Multi-K vs. SOP Processing tomatoes Mean berry weight (g) Control (0) Multi-K (200) SOP (184) Fertilizers (application rates) Trial carried out by Biomark, Hungary, 1994
22 :Multi-K vs. SOP Processing tomatoes Dry matter (%) Control (0) Multi-K (200) SOP (184) Trial carried out by Biomark, Hungary, 1994 Fertilizers (application rates)
23 :Multi-K vs. SOP Processing tomatoes Marketable yield (ton/ha) Control (0) Multi-K (200) SOP (184) Trial carried out by Biomark, Hungary, 1994 Fertilizers (application rates)
24 Multi-K vs. SOP: Processing tomatoes Parameter checked Total marketable yield Berry weight Dry matter Increase by Multi-K over Control SOP 12.8% 11.8% 3.9% 2.1% 26.1% 7.4% Trial carried out by Biomark, Hungary, 1994
25 Multi-K vs. SOP: Processing tomatoes Location: Emilia Romagna, Italy Cultivar: Perfect Peel hy. Treatments: Treatment Multi-K Control Fertilizers Multi-K Poni-Ter (granular fertilizer based on Multi-K) SOP+CAN Application method Base dressing: 250 kg/ha Poni-Ter Side-dressing: 250 kg/ha Multi-K Base dressing
26 :Multi-K vs. SOP Processing tomatoes ton/ha Multi-K SOP + CAN
27 Multi-K vs. SOP: Cucumber Location: China / Shouguang /Shandong province Xintaimici Treatments: Treatment Fertilizers K rate Application method Multi-K Control Multi-K SOP 345 kg/ha Base dressing and Fertigation
28 :Multi-K vs. SOP Cucumber ton/ha Multi-K SOP
29 :Multi-K vs. SOP Squash The effect of K source on yields of Squash (Zaoqing hybrid) K rate: 345 kg/ha (trial in Shouguang, Shandong province, China) ton/ha Control SOP Multi-K
30 Multi-K vs. SOP: Squash Multi-K yielded 2.1 ton/ha more than SOP Frost hardiness was much improved, and so was marketability
31 Multi-K vs. SOP: Lettuce Crop/cultivar Country / location Objectives Application method Multi-K benefits Characteristics of best treatment Net benefit of Multi-K treatment Benefit/Cost ratio Lettuce / roundhead UK / Essex, Mapleton Growers Comparison between Multi-K and SOP B.D. immediately prior to planting Plants are greener, healthier and 28g/head heavier. Yield increase : ~11% Grower s revenue from yield: 670 US$/MT Cost of treatment (application + material) 150 US$/Ha Up to 1,400 US$/Ha 10.3
32 Multi-K vs. SOP: Potato Crop/cultivar Country / location Objectives Application method Processing Potatoes / Hertha; PPN; UTD; SV; BP1 South Africa Comparison between Multi-K and SOP Fertigation, 300 ppm K. Treatments
33 :Multi-K vs. SOP Potato Dry matter (%) Multi-K SOP
34 :Multi-K vs. SOP Potato Tubers >100g (%) Multi-K SOP
35 :Multi-K vs. SOP Potato Tuber yield (g/plant) Multi-K SOP
36 :Multi-K vs. SOP Potato Loss of mass over 10 weeks storage (%) Multi-K SOP
37 Multi-K vs. SOP: Banana Bunch weight (kg) SOP Multi-K SOP + Multi-K
38 :Multi-K vs. SOP Banana Effect of K source on yields (box/ha) SOP Multi-K SOP + Multi-K
39 Multi-K vs. SOP: Turf (bentgrass) Shoot density rating Sep-22 Oct-24 Control SOP Multi-K
40 Multi-K vs. SOP: Turf (bentgrass) Visual quality rating Aug-08 Aug-30 Sep-22 Oct-24 Control SOP Multi-K
41 Multi-K vs. SOP: Olives Location: Olive research institute, Kemalpasa, Izmir, Turkey Cultivar: Memecik (widely used for fresh consumption and oil extraction) Fertilizers tested: Multi-K, SOP Application method & timing: 4 x foliar 4%, 1000 l/ha Twice (20 days apart) after fruit-set (May) Twice (20 days apart) after pit hardening (August)
42 Multi-K vs. SOP: Olives Weight of 100 fruit units Pulp/pit weight ratio Oil content: Total yield: K content in December (fruit maturity): SOP g % in D.M 2.47 m 3 Leaves: 0.61 fruit pulp: 1.56 Mult-K g % in D.M m 3 Leaves: 0.81 fruit pulp: 1.65
43 :Multi-K vs. SOP Cotton The effect of foliar sprays with different K fertilizers on Lint yield (kg/ha) Control Multi-K SOP KTS KCl
44 Multi-K Products Crystalline for Nutrigation and for foliar application Prills for side-dressing Coated controlled-release fertilizers
45 Multi-K Crystalline products for Nutrigation and foliar sprays Multi-K Classic Multi-K GG Multi-K phast Multi-K Absolute Haifa Bonus Pure potassium nitrate Greenhouse-grade potassium nitrate Low-pH potassium nitrate Pure potassium nitrate for hydroponics and soilless media Foliar formula with special adjuvants for prolonged action
46 Multi-K Crystalline products for Nutrigation and foliar sprays Multi-npK Multi-K Mg Multi-K Zn Multi-K S Multi-K B Multi-K ME Potassium nitrate enriched with phosphorus Potassium nitrate enriched with magnesium Potassium nitrate enriched with zinc Potassium nitrate enriched with sulfate Potassium nitrate enriched with boron Potassium nitrate enriched with micronutrients
47 Multi-K prills for direct soil application Multi-K prills Multi-npK prills Multi-K Mg prills Potassium nitrate prills Potassium nitrate enriched phosphorus Potassium nitrate enriched with magnesium Controlled release potassium nitrate Multicote Polymer-coated potassium nitrate For ornamentals, turf and agriculture Release longevity: 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 months Suitable for blending with other granular fertilizers to reach any composition
48 Multi-K vs. SOP: Conclusions Multi-K potassium nitrate offers the benefits of: Favorable nutritional composition Better performance as K source Higher solubility and faster dissolution rate Full-range compatibility with other fertilizers and agrochemicals No interference with plant uptake of other ions Lower content of residual chloride Minimal effect on soil ph Minimal contribution to soil salinity Multi K S for balanced S nutrition
49 Multi-K Because your plants deserve the Best
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